Dorsey v. Stuyvesant Town Corporation Appendix to Brief of Respondents in Opposition to Petition for Writ of Certiorari
Public Court Documents
January 1, 1949

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Brief Collection, LDF Court Filings. Dorsey v. Stuyvesant Town Corporation Appendix to Brief of Respondents in Opposition to Petition for Writ of Certiorari, 1949. dffaf812-b09a-ee11-be36-6045bdeb8873. LDF Archives, Thurgood Marshall Institute. https://ldfrecollection.org/archives/archives-search/archives-item/99fcba1f-fdd1-45ed-b515-7ff6da307dcc/dorsey-v-stuyvesant-town-corporation-appendix-to-brief-of-respondents-in-opposition-to-petition-for-writ-of-certiorari. Accessed April 06, 2025.
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(Unurt at % llxixUb IHate O ctober T erm , 1949 No. 402 JO S E P H D O R SEY , M O NRO E DO W LING and C A LV IN H A R PE R , Petitioners, v. ST U Y V E SA N T TOW N CO RPO RATIO N and M ETR O PO LITA N L IF E IN SU R A N C E COM PANY, Respondents. APPEN D IX TO BRIEF OF RESPONDENTS IN OPPOSITION TO PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI THE HOUSING ARTICLE OF THE NEW YORK STATE CONSTITUTION (Article XVIII). Section 1. [Housing for persons of low income; slum clear ance.] Subject to the provisions of this article, the legislature may provide in such manner, by such means and upon such terms and conditions as it may prescribe for low rent housing for persons of low income as defined by law, or for the clearance, replanning, reconstruction and rehabili tation of substandard and insanitary areas, or for both such purposes, and for recreational and other facilities in cidental or appurtenant thereto. § 2. [Idem; powers of legislature in aid of.] For and in aid of such purposes, notwithstanding any provision in any other article of this constitution, but subject to the limitations contained in this article, the legis lature may: make or contract to make or authorize to be made or contracted capital or periodic subsidies by the state to any city, town, village, or public corporation, payable only with moneys appropriated therefor from the general fund of the state; authorize any city, town or village to make or contract to make such subsidies to any public cor poration, payable only with moneys locally appropriated therefor from the general or other fund available for cur rent expenses of such municipality; authorize the contract ing of indebtedness for the purpose of providing moneys out of which it may make or contract to make or author ize to be made or contracted loans by the state to any city, town, village or public corporation; authorize any city, town or village to make or contract to make loans to any public corporation; authorize any city, town or village to guarantee the principal of and interest on, or only the interest on, indebtedness contracted by a public corporation; authorize and provide for loans by the state and authorize loans by any city, town or village to or in aid of corpora 2 tions regulated by law as to rents, profits, dividends and disposition of their property or franchises and engaged in providing housing facilities; authorize any city, town or village to make loans to the owners of existing multiple dwellings for the rehabilitation and improvement thereof for occupancy by persons of low income as defined by law ; grant or authorize tax exemptions in whole or in part, except that no such exemption may be granted or author ized for a period of more than sixty years; authorize coop eration with and the acceptance of aid from the United States; grant the power of eminent domain to any city, town or village, to any public corporation and to any cor poration regulated by law as to rents, profits, dividends and disposition of its property or franchises and engaged in providing housing facilities. As used in this article, the term “public corporation” shall mean any corporate governmental agency (except a county or municipal corporation) organized pursuant to law to accomplish any or all of the purposes specified in this article. § 3. [Article V II to apply to state debts under this article, with certain exceptions; capital and periodic sub sidies.] The provisions of article VII, not inconsistent with this article, relating to debts of the state shall apply to all debts contracted by the state for the purpose of providing moneys out of which to make loans pursuant to this arti cle, except (a ) that any law or laws authorizing the con tracting of such debt, not exceeding in the aggregate three hundred million dollars, shall take effect without submis sion to the people, and the contracting of a greater amount of debt may not be authorized prior to January first, nine teen hundred forty-two; (b) that any such debt and each portion thereof shall be paid in equal annual installments, the first of which shall be payable not more than three years, and the last of which shall be payable not more than 3 fifty years, after such debt or portion thereof shall have been contracted; and (c) that any law authorizing the contracting of such debt may be submitted to the people at a general election, whether or not any other law or bill shall be submitted to be voted for or against at such election. Any law authorizing the making of contracts for capi tal or periodic subsidies to be paid with moneys currently appropriated from the general fund of the state shall take effect without submission to the people, and the amount to be paid under such contracts shall not be included in ascertaining the amount of indebtedness which may be contracted by the state under this article; provided, how ever, (a ) that such periodic subsidies shall not be paid for a period longer than the life of the projects assisted thereby, but in any event for not more than sixty years; (b) that no contracts for periodic subsidies shall be en tered into in any one year requiring payments aggregating more than one million dollars in any one year; and (c) that there shall not be outstanding at any one time contracts for periodic subsidies requiring payments exceeding an aggregate of five million dollars in any one year, unless a law authorizing contracts in excess of such amounts shall have been submitted to and approved by the people at a general election. § 4. tPowers of cities, towns and villages to contract indebt edness in aid of low rent housing and slum clearance projects; restrictions thereon.] To effectuate any of the purposes of this article, the legislature may authorize any city, town or village to contract indebtedness to an amount which shall not ex ceed two per centum of the average assessed valuation of the real estate of such city, town or village subject to taxa tion, as determined by the last completed assessment roll and the four preceding assessment rolls of such city, town or village, for city, town or village taxes prior to the con tracting of such indebtedness. In ascertaining the power of a city to contract indebtedness pursuant to this article there may be excluded any such indebtedness if the project or projects aided by guarantees representing such indebt edness or by loans for which such indebtedness was con tracted shall have yielded during the preceding year net revenue to be determined annually by deducting from the gross revenues, including periodic subsidies therefor, re ceived from such project or projects, all costs of operation, maintenance, repairs and replacements, and the interest on such indebtedness and the amounts required in such year for the payment of such indebtedness; provided that in the case of guarantees such interest and such amounts shall have been paid, and in the case of loans an amount equal to such interest and such amounts shall have been paid to such city. The legislature shall prescribe the method by which the amount of any such indebtedness to be ex cluded shall be determined, and no such indebtedness shall be excluded except in accordance with such determination. The legislature may confer appropriate jurisdiction on the appellate division of the supreme court in the judicial de partments in which such cities are located for the purpose of determining the amount of any such indebtedness to be so excluded. The liability of a city, town or village on account of any contract for capital or periodic subsidies to be paid subse quent to the then current year shall, for the purpose of ascertaining the power of such city, town or village to con tract indebtedness, be deemed indebtedness in the amount of the commuted value of the total of such capital or periodic subsidies remaining unpaid, calculated on the basis of an annual interest rate of four per centum. Such periodic subsidies shall not be contracted for a period longer than the life of the projects assisted thereby, and in no event for more than sixty years. Indebtedness contracted pursuant to this article shall be excluded in ascertaining the power of a city otherwise to create indebtedness under any other section of this constitution. Notwithstanding 5 the foregoing the legislature shall not authorize any city to contract indebtedness hereunder in excess of the limita tions prescribed by any other article of this constitution unless at the same time it shall by law require such city to levy annually a tax or taxes other than an ad valorem tax on real estate to an extent sufficient to provide for the payment of the principal of and interest on any such in debtedness. Nothing herein contained, however, shall be construed to prevent such city from pledging its faith and credit for the payment of such principal and interest nor shall any such law prevent recourse to an ad valorem tax on real estate to the extent that revenue derived from such other tax or taxes in any year, together with revenues from the project or projects aided by the proceeds of such indebt edness, shall become insufficient to provide fully for pay ment of such principal and interest in that year. § 5. [Liability for certain loans made by the state to certain public corporations.] Any city, town or village shall be liable for the repay-, ment of any loans and interest thereon made by the state to any public corporation, acting as an instrumentality of such city, town or village. Such liability of a city shall be excluded in ascertaining the power of such city to become indebted pursuant to the provisions of this article, except that in the event of a default in payment under the terms of any such loan, the unpaid balance thereof shall be in cluded in ascertaining the power of such city to become so indebted. No subsidy, in addition to any capital or periodic subsidy originally contracted for in aid of any project or projects authorized under this article, shall be paid by the state to a city, town, village or public corporation, acting as an instrumentality thereof, for the purpose of enabling such city, town, village or corporation to remedy an actual default or avoid an impending default in the payment of principal or interest on a loan which has been theretofore made by the state to such city, town, village or corpora tion pursuant to this article. 6 § 6. [Loans and subsidies; restrictions on and preference in occupancy of projects.] No loan or subsidy shall be made by the state to aid any project unless such project is in conformity with a plan or undertaking for the clearance, replanning and re construction or rehabilitation of a substandard and insani tary area or areas and for recreational and other facilities incidental or appurtenant thereto. The legislature may pro vide additional conditions to the making of such loans or subsidies consistent with the purposes of this article. The occupancy of any such project shall be restricted to persons of low income as defined by law and preference shall be given to persons who live or shall have lived in such area or areas. § 7. [Liability arising from guarantees to be deemed indebt edness; method of computing.] The liability arising from any guarantee of the prin cipal of and interest on indebtedness contracted by a public corporation shall be deemed indebtedness in the amount of the face value of the principal thereof remaining unpaid. The liability arising from any guarantee of only the inter est on indebtedness contracted by a public corporation shall be deemed indebtedness in the amount of the commuted value of the total interest guaranteed and remaining unpaid, calculated on the basis of an annual interest rate of four per centum. § 8. [Excess condemnation.] Any agency of the state, or any city, town, village or public corporation, which is empowered by law to take pri vate property by eminent domain for any of the public purposes specified in section one of this article, may be empowered by the legislature to take property necessary for any such purpose but in excess of that required for public use after such purpose shall have been accomplished; and to improve and utilize such excess, wholly or partly for any other public purpose, or to lease or sell such excess with restrictions to preserve and protect such improvement or improvements. § 9. [Acquisition of property for purposes of article.] Subject to any limitation imposed by the legislature, the state, or any city, town, village or public corporation, may acquire by purchase, gift, eminent domain or other wise, such property as it may deem ultimately necessary or proper to effectuate the purposes of this article, or any of them, although temporarily not required for such pur poses. § 10. [Power of legislature; construction of article.] The legislature is empowered to make all laws which it shall deem necessary and proper for carrying into execu tion the foregoing powers. This article shall be construed as extending powers which otherwise might be limited by other articles of this constitution and shall not be construed as imposing additional limitations; but nothing in this article contained shall be deemed to authorize or empower the state, or any city, town, village or public corporation, to engage in any private business or enterprise other than the building and operation of low rent dwelling houses for persons of low income as defined by law, or the loaning of money to owners of existing multiple dwellings as herein provided. 8 THE REDEVELOPMENT COMPANIES LAW (New York Laws 1943, Ch. 234, as amended) § 1. Short title This act shall be known and may be cited and referred to as the “Redevelopment Companies Law.” § 2. Policy of state and purpose of act It is hereby declared that in certain areas of munici palities located within this state there exist substandard conditions and insanitary housing conditions owing to ob solescence, deterioration and dilapidation of buildings, or excessive land coverage, lack of planning, of public facili ties, of sufficient light, air and space, and improper design and arrangement of living quarters; that there is not in such areas a sufficient supply of adequate, safe and sanitary dwelling accommodations properly planned and related to public facilities; that modern standards of urban life re quire that housing be related to adequate and convenient public facilities; that the aforesaid substandard and in sanitary conditions depress and destroy the economic value of large areas and by impairing the value of private invest ments threaten the sources of public revenues; that the public interest requires the clearance, replanning, recon struction and neighborhood rehabilitation of such substand ard and insanitary areas, together with adequate provision for recreational and other facilities incidental and appur tenant thereto according to the requirements of modern urban life and that such clearance, replanning, reconstruc tion and neighborhood rehabilitation are essential to the protection of the financial stability of such municipalities; that in order to protect the sources of public revenue it is necessary to modernize the physical plan and conditions of urban life ; that these conditions cannot be remedied by the ordinary operations of private enterprise; that provision must be made to encourage the investment of funds in cor 9 porations engaged in providing redevelopment facilities to be constructed according to the requirements of city plan ning and in effectuation of official city plans and regulated by law as to profits, dividends and disposition of their property or franchises; that provision must be made to enable insurance companies to provide such facilities, sub ject to regulation by law as to the return from such facili ties and the disposition of property acquired for such purpose; and that provision must also be made for the acquisition for such corporations and companies at fair prices of real property required for such purposes in sub standard areas and for public assistance of such corpora tions and companies by the granting of partial tax exemp tion; that the cooperation of the state and its subdivisions is necessary to accomplish such purposes; that the clearance, replanning and reconstruction, rehabilitation and modern ization of substandard and insanitary areas and the provi sion of adequate, safe, sanitary and properly planned hous ing accommodations in effectuation of official city plans by such corporations and companies in these areas are public uses and purposes for which private property may be ac quired for such corporations and companies and partial tax exemption granted; that these conditions require the crea tion of the agencies, instrumentalities and corporations hereinafter prescribed for the purpose of attaining the ends herein recited; and the necessity in the public interest for the provisions hereinafter enacted is hereby declared as a matter of legislative determination. § 3. Definitions As used in this act the following terms shall mean and include: 1. “Area.” A section of a municipality wherein the planning commission finds that substandard conditions or insanitary housing conditions exist. An area may include land whether improved or unimproved, and buildings or 10 improvements not in themselves insanitary or substandard, the inclusion of which is deemed necessary by such commis sion for the effective clearance, replanning, reconstruction or rehabilitation of the area of which such land or property is a part. 2. “ Condemnation.” The acquisition of real property in the manner provided by any general, special or local law or city charter for the acquisition of real property by the municipality in which such property is to be taken. 3. “ Insurance company.” Any insurance company authorized to transact business in this state. 4. “ Municipality.” A city, town or village. 5. “ Plan.” A plan or undertaking for the clearance, replanning and reconstruction or rehabilitation of a sub standard or insanitary area or areas and for recreational and other facilities incidental or appurtenant thereto to effectuate the purposes of article eighteen of the constitu tion or any other provision of the constitution delegating any similar power. 6. “ Planning commission.” The planning commission means any agency of a municipality authorized to prepare, adopt or amend the map of the municipality or empowered to prepare and adopt and from time to time modify a com prehensive or master plan of the municipality, if there be one, or if there be none, the local legislative body of the municipality. 7. “Local legislative body.” (a ) In a city, the board of aldermen, common council, council, commission or other board or body now or hereafter vested by its charter or other law with jurisdiction to enact ordinances or local laws, except that if there be a board of estimate, the term shall mean only such board of estimate; (b) in a town, the town board; (c) in a village, the board of trustees. 11 8. “ Project.” A specific work or improvement to ef fectuate all or any part of a plan including lands, buildings and improvements acquired, owned, constructed, managed or operated in an area by a redevelopment company or an insurance company providing dwelling accommoda tions pursuant to this act and such business, commercial, cultural or recreational facilities appurtenant thereto as may be approved pursuant to section fifteen of this act. 9. “ Real property.” Lands and improvements, lands under water, waterfront property, the water of any lake, pond or stream, and any and all easements, franchises and hereditaments, corporeal or incorporeal, and every estate, interest and right therein, legal and equitable, in lands or water, and the right, interest, privilege, easement and fran chise relating to the same, including terms for years and liens by way of judgment, mortgage, or otherwise. 10. “ Supervising agency.” The municipal comptroller in a municipality having a comptroller; in a municipality having no comptroller, the chief financial officer of such municipality. However, as to any insurance company pro viding dwelling accommodations pursuant to this act, or if any of the stock and income debenture certificates having voting power of a redevelopment company are or are to be issued to one or more insurance companies, the term shall mean only the superintendent of insurance. § 4. Redevelopment companies; how created A redevelopment company may be created by three or more persons signing, acknowledging and filing a certificate which shall contain: 1. The name of the proposed redevelopment company. 2. The purposes for which it is to be formed which shall be as follows: To acquire one or more areas under a plan or plans, and to construct, own, maintain, operate, 12 sell and convey projects pursuant to the terms and provi sions of this act. 3. The amount of the capital stock, and if any be pre ferred stock, the preference thereof. 4. The number of shares of which the capital shall consist, all of which shall have a par value. 5. The city, village or town in which its principal busi ness office is to be located; if located in the city of New York, the borough thereof in which it is to be located. 6. Its duration, which shall not be less than twenty years. 7. The number of directors, which shall not be less than three and who need not be stockholders. 8. The names and post-office addresses of the directors for the first year. 9. The names and post-office addresses of the subscrib ers to the certificate and a statement of the number of shares of stock which each agrees to take in the redevelopment company. 10. The certificate may provide that in the event that income debenture certificates are issued by the redevelop ment company the owners thereof may be given the same right to vote as they would have if possessed of certificates of stock of the amount and par value of the income deben ture certificates held by them. If provision is made for the issuance of income debenture certificates, interest shall be paid by the redevelopment company on income debenture certificates only out of net earnings of the redevelopment company that would be applicable to payment of dividends if there were no income debentures. 11. A provision that, so long as this act shall remain applicable to any project of the redevelopment company, the real property of the redevelopment company shall not be 13 sold, transferred or assigned except as permitted by the terms and provisions of this act. 12. A declaration that all of the subscribers to the cer tificate are of full age ; that at least two-thirds of them are citizens of the United States and that at least one of them is a resident of the state of New York; that at least one of the persons named as a director is a citizen of the United States and a resident of the state of New York. 13. A declaration that the redevelopment company has been organized to serve a public purpose and that it shall be and remain subject to the supervision and control of the supervising agency except as provided in this act, so long as this act remains applicable to any project of the redevel opment company; that all real and personal property ac quired by it and all structures erected by it, shall be deemed to be acquired or created for the promotion of the purposes of this act. 14. A declaration that, after providing for all expenses, taxes and assessments, there shall be paid annually out of the earnings of the redevelopment company for interest, amortization, depreciation and dividends, a sum equal to but not exceeding six per centum of the total actual final cost of the project as defined by subdivision two of section thirteen of this act; that the obligation in respect of such payments shall be cumulative, and any deficiency in inter est, amortization, depreciation and dividends in any year shall be paid either from any cash surplus derived from earnings remaining in the treasury of the redevelopment company in excess of the amount necessary to provide such cumulative annual sums or from the first available earnings in subsequent years; and that any cash surplus derived from earnings remaining in the treasury of the redevelopment company in excess of the amount necessary to provide such cumulative annual sums shall, upon dissolution of the com pany, be paid into the general fund of the municipality. 14 15. A declaration that, upon the dissolution of the com pany pursuant to the provisions of subdivision one of section twenty-four, the property may be conveyed in fee as pro vided in said subdivision. 16. A declaration that mortgage indebtedness, income debenture certificates and stock of the redevelopment com pany may be retired if, as and when there shall be funds available for amortization purposes in the treasury of the redevelopment company. § 5. Consent of supervising agency and local legislative body to incorporation of redevelopment companies If any certificate of incorporation of a redevelopment company shall be presented to the secretary of state he shall not file such certificate unless a certificate of the consent of the supervising agency shall accompany the same. A certificate of amendment of a certificate of incorporation shall not be filed by the secretary of state unless a certificate of the consent of the supervising agency and a certificate of consent of the local legislative body of the municipality in which the project is located shall accompany the same. § 6. Application of other corporation laws The provisions of the business corporations law, gen eral corporation law and stock corporation law as presently in effect and as hereafter from time to time amended, shall apply to redevelopment corporations, except where such provisions are in conflict with the provisions of this act. In the event that any action with respect to which the holders of income debentures shall have the right to vote is proposed to be taken, then notice of any meeting at which such action is proposed to be taken shall be given to such holders in the same manner and to the same extent as if they were stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting, and any certificate filed pursuant to law in 15 the department of state with respect to any such action, whether taken with or without meeting, and any affidavit required by law to be annexed to such certificate, shall con tain the same statements or recitals and such certificate shall be subscribed and acknowledged, and such affidavit shall be made, in the same manner as if such holders were stockholders holding shares of an additional class of stock entitled to vote on such action, or with respect to the pro ceedings provided for in such certificate. § 7. Powers of redevelopment companies Each redevelopment company shall have and may exer cise such of the powers conferred by the general corporation law as shall be necessary in conducting the business of a redevelopment company and consistent with the provisions of this act. § 8. Limited return on investment Subject to the provisions of section twenty-four of this act, there shall be paid annually out of the earnings of the redevelopment company, after providing for all expenses, taxes and assessments, a sum for interest, amortization, depreciation and dividends, equal to but not exceeding six per centum of the total actual final cost of the project as defined by subdivision two of section thirteen of this act; the obligation in respect of such payments shall be cumu lative, and any deficiency in interest, amortization, depre ciation and dividends in any year shall be paid either from any cash surplus derived from earnings remaining in the treasury of the redevelopment company in excess of the amount necessary to provide such cumulative annual sums or from the first available earnings in subsequent years; and any cash surplus derived from earnings remaining in the treasury of the redevelopment company in excess of the amount necessary to provide such cumulative annual sums shall, upon dissolution of the company, be paid into the general fund of the municipality except as otherwise 16 contemplated by subdivision five of section twenty-four of this act. § 9. Consideration for issuance of stocks and bonds No redevelopment company shall issue stock, bonds or income debenture certificates except for money or property actually received for the use and lawful purposes of the redevelopment company. No stock, bonds or income deben ture certificates shall be issued for property except upon a valuation approved by the supervising agency and such valuation shall be used in computing actual or estimated cost. § 10. Minimum amount of stock and debentures Except as provided in this section the stock and income debenture certificates issued by the redevelopment company shall in no event be less than the total of twenty per centum of the actual cost of any project or projects undertaken pursuant to this act. The supervising agency may permit stock or income debenture certificates to be issued for work ing capital to be used in connection with such project to an amount not exceeding three per centum of the estimated cost, or three per centum of the total actual final cost, if that should exceed the estimated cost of a project. The provisions of this section shall not be applicable to any redevelopment company if funds made available by the federal government or any instrumentality thereof, or any mortgage or mortgage bonds insured by the federal housing administrator or any other instrumentality of the federal government are used in financing the project in whole or in part. §11. Income debentures With the approval of the supervising agency, the cer tificate of incorporation, or an amended certificate, may authorize the issuance of income debenture certificates bear ing no greater interest than six per centum per annum. 17 Such income debenture certificates and any instrument under which they are issued may contain such other provi sions, including provision for amortization by serial ma turities, through the operation of a sinking fund or other wise, as may be approved by the supervising agency. § 12. Mortgages and mortgage bonds Any redevelopment company, subject to the approval of the supervising agency, may borrow funds and secure the repayment thereof by bond and mortgage or by an issue of bonds under a trust indenture. Each mortgage or issue of bonds of a redevelopment company shall relate only to a single specified project and to no other and such bonds shall be secured by mortgage upon all of the real property of which such project consists. First lien bonds of such re development company when secured by a mortgage not exceeding eighty per centum of the estimated cost prior to the completion of the project, or eighty per centum of the appraised value or actual cost, but in no event in excess of eighty per centum of the actual cost, after such completion, as certified by the supervising agency, are hereby declared securities in which all public officers and bodies of the state and of its municipal subdivisions, all insurance companies and associations, all savings banks and savings institutions, including savings and loan associations, executors, admin istrators, guardians, trustees and all other fiduciaries in the state may properly and legally invest the funds within their control. The bonds so issued and secured and the mortgage or trust indenture relating thereto, may create a first or senior lien and a second or junior lien upon the real property embraced in any project; provided, however, that the total mortgage liens shall not exceed eighty per centum of the estimated cost prior to the completion of the project, or eighty per centum of the appraised value or actual cost, but in no event in excess of eighty per centum of 18 the actual cost after such completion, as certified by the supervising agency. Where there are first and second mort gage liens upon the property embraced in a project, only the first or senior lien thereon shall be deemed a security in which such officers, bodies, corporations, associations and fiduciaries, may invest the funds within their control. Such bonds and mortgages may contain such other clauses and provisions as shall be approved by the supervising agency, including the right to assignment of rents and entry into possession in case of default; but the operation of the housing project in the event of such entry by mort gagee or receiver shall be subject to regulations promul gated by the supervising agency. Provisions for the amortization of the bonded indebtedness of companies formed under this act shall be subject to the approval of the supervising agency. So long as funds made available by the federal government or any instrumentality thereof or any mortgage or mortgage bonds, insured by the federal housing administrator or any other instrumentality of the federal government are used in financing, in whole or in part, any project under this act, the capital structure of a redevelopment company undertaking such project and the proportionate amount of the cost of the lands and improve ments to be represented by mortgages or bonds shall be en tirely in the discretion of the supervising agency; and all restrictions as to the amounts to be represented by mort gages, mortgage bonds, income debentures or stock shall be inapplicable to such projects or to redevelopment companies undertaking such projects, except that the bonds, mort gages, debentures and stock covering any project shall not exceed the total actual final cost of such project as defined in subdivision two of section thirteen of this act. Interest rates on mortgage indebtedness shall not ex ceed five per centum per annum. 19 §13. Limitations 111 addition to limitations prescribed by this act a re development company shall not have power to : 1. Acquire any real property or interest therein for a project or projects unless the supervising agency and the local legislative body determine as provided in this act that such acquisition is necessary or convenient for the public purpose defined in this act. 2. Issue its stock, debentures and bonds covering any project undertaken by it in an amount greater in the aggre gate than the total actual final cost of such project. The actual cost of such project shall include the cost of the lands and improvements constituting the project and charges for financing and supervision approved by the supervising agency, condemnation charges and interest and other carry ing charges during the period of acquisition and of con struction. The total actual final cost shall be deemed to be ah amount equal to such actual cost plus an allowance for working capital. Such allowance for working capital shall not exceed an amount equal to three per centum of the estimated cost or of the total actual final cost of the project if that shall be greater than the estimated cost. 3. Enter into contracts for the payment of salaries to officers or employees, or for the construction or for the sub stantial repair, improvement or operation of projects ex cept subject to the approval of the supervising agency. § 14. Use of projects The project or projects of any redevelopment company shall be designed and used primarily for housing purposes, but portions of the project may be planned and used for business, commercial, cultural or recreational purposes ap purtenant thereto as approved in the project. 20 § 15. Procedure for submission and approval of plan or project Every plan or plan of a project proposed by a redevelop ment company shall contain a general description of the area to be redeveloped and a statement of the plan of re development with such detail of information with refer ence thereto as may be necessary to a general understanding thereof. After preliminary approval thereof by the supervising agency as to conformity with the provisions and purposes of this act, every such plan or plan of a project shall be sub mitted to the planning commission for approval of the plan or plan of the project relating to : 1. Height and bulk of structures, density of popula tion and percentage of land coverage by structures as to their conformity with the purposes of this act and with the master plan, if any; and the relationship of the density of population contemplated by the plan or plan of the project to the distribution of the population of the municipality in other areas or parts thereof, and 2. Provision, if any, for business or commercial facil ities appurtenant to the plan or project, relationship to ex isting and planned public facilities, adequacy and planned rearrangement of street facilities and provisions for light, air, cultural and recreational facilities as to their con formity with the purposes of this act and their adequacy for accommodation of the density of population con templated by the plan or plan of the project. The planning commission, after public hearing on a plan or plan of a project, m ay: a. Issue an unqualified certificate of approval thereof, or b. Issue a certificate of conditional or qualified ap proval thereof, with or without recommendations, or 21 c. Disapprove thereof. After action thereon by the planning commission, such plan or plan of a project with a proposed form of contract between the municipality and the company or, when all stock, debentures and mortgage bonds of the company are owned or are to be owned by one or more insurance com panies, between the municipality, redevelopment company and such insurance company or companies shall be sub mitted by the redevelopment company, with a certificate of approval of the supervising agency and the certificate or a statement of action on the plan or project by the planning commission, to the local legislative body for its approval as to conformity with the provisions and purposes of this act, the extent of the tax exemption to be granted pursuant to section twenty-six, the amount and nature of the property to be condemned for the redevelopment company by the municipality and the terms and conditions of payment there for by the redevelopment company, the amount of publicly owned land or facilities to be sold to the redevelopment com pany or exchanged for redevelopment company-owned lands and the availability of other suitable dwelling accommoda tions for families living in the area or part thereof to be affected by the plan or plan of the project. As part of an approved project the local legislative body may require a redevelopment company to dedicate to the municipality or any agency thereof in the manner provided by law specified portions of the land in a project for parks, streets, public recreational and other public purposes. The contract shall regulate the rents to be charged for rooms in the project and may contain such other provi sions, not inconsistent with this act, as may be deemed necessary or desirable for the financing, construction, opera tion and supervision of the project. In any case where the planning commission shall have issued a certificate of unqualified approval of a plan or plan 22 of a project approval thereof by the local legislative body may be by resolution adopted by a majority of the whole number of votes authorized to be cast by all of the members thereof. In any case where the planning commission shall not have issued a certificate of unqualified approval, the plan or plan of a project may nevertheless be approved by the local legislative body, after public hearings thereon, by resolution adopted by a three-fourths vote of the whole number of votes authorized to be cast by all of the mem bers thereof. The local legislative body is authorized to enter into the necessary contract or contracts on behalf of the municipality. I f the contract parties are a municipality, a redevelop ment company and one or more insurance companies which own or will own all of the stock, debentures, bonds and mort gage indebtedness of such redevelopment company, or if the project is undertaken by an insurance company, then the certificate of the supervising agency approving such con tract shall terminate the functions of the supervising agency pursuant to this act, and after the execution of such contract all references herein to the approval or other action by the supervising agency shall be inapplicable to the project pro vided for in such contract and to such redevelopment com pany or the insurance company undertaking such project. § 16. Limitation on changes It shall be unlawful during the period of tax exemption, granted pursuant to section twenty-six of this act, for any redevelopment company dr any successor in interest to its title to a project or any part thereof to change or modify any feature of a project for which approval of the planning commission is required by this act, without the approval of such commission, except by a three-quarters vote of the local legislative body. 23 § 17. Transfer of real property to redevelopment company Notwithstanding any requirement of law to the contrary or the absence of direct provision therefor in the instrument under which a fiduciary is acting, every executor, admin istrator, trustee, guardian or other person, holding trust funds or acting in a fiduciary capacity, unless the instru ment under which such fiduciary is acting expressly for bids, the state, its subdivisions, municipalities, all other public bodies, all public officers, persons, partnerships and corporations organized under or subject to the provisions of the insurance law, the superintendent of insurance as conservator, liquidator or rehabilitator of any such person, partnership or corporation, owning or holding any real property within an area, may grant, sell, lease or otherwise transfer any such real property to a redevelopment company and receive and hold any cash, stock, income debentures, bonds, mortgages, or other securities or obligations, secured or unsecured, exchanged therefor by such redevelopment company and may execute such instruments and do such acts as may be deemed necessary or desirable by them or it and by the redevelopment company in connection with a project or projects. An insurance company which has un dertaken a project through direct ownership and/or lease may transfer to the project any real property which it owns or holds within an area and the actual cost of such property to the insurance company shall be included in the total actual final cost of such project. § 18. Rules and regulations The planning commission and the supervising agency, respectively, shall have power to make rules and regulations to carry out their powers and duties pursuant to this act and to effectuate the purposes thereof. § 19. Fees The supervising agency, the local legislative body and the planning commission, if any, may each adopt a reason 24 able schedule of fees to be paid upon the filing with each of them of a plan, plans for a project or projects, amendments thereto and other instruments in connection therewith. § 20. Condemnation A municipality may take property by condemnation for a redevelopment company, provided the contract or con tracts executed pursuant to section fifteen contain a re quirement that the company shall pay to the municipality all sums expended or required to be expended by the munici pality in the acquisition of such real property, provision as to the time of payment and manner of securing payment thereof, and provisions requiring that the municipality re ceive, before proceeding with the acquisition of such real property, such assurances as to payment or reimburse ment by the redevelopment company, or otherwise, as the local legislative body may deem advisable. Upon the execu tion of such contract or contracts the company shall cause to be made three copies of surveys or maps of the real prop erty described in the contract, one of which shall be filed in the office of the redevelopment company, one in the office of the corporation counsel or chief law officer of the municipality, and one in the office in which instruments a f fecting real property in the county are recorded. The filing of such copies of surveys or maps in accordance with the provisions of this section shall be in lieu and in complete satisfaction of any other requirement for the filing of sur veys or maps imposed upon either the municipality or the redevelopment company by any general, special or local law. Upon compliance by the redevelopment company with the applicable terms and conditions of such contract or con tracts the municipality shall proceed to acquire title to the real property and when title to the real property shall have vested in the municipality, it shall convey the same to the redevelopment company upon final compliance by the rede velopment company with such terms and conditions. As 25 soon as title shall have vested in the municipality, the re development company may, upon the authorization of the mayor, enter upon the real property taken, take over and dispose of existing improvements, and carry out the terms of the project with respect thereto. Real property in an area, needed or convenient for the project, which is to be acquired by condemnation pursuant to this section, may be acquired by the municipality for the project, including any property devoted to a public use, whether or not held in trust, notwithstanding that such property may have been previously acquired by condemna tion or is owned by a public utility corporation, it being hereby expressly determined that the public use in con formity with the provisions of this act shall be deemed a superior public use. The local legislative body may consent to the condemnation of property owned by the municipality, whether or not such property be held in trust, or may sell or lease any such property necessary or convenient for a project of a redevelopment company without public bidding, provided notice of such sale or lease is published and a public hearing is held before the local legislative body. The term of any such lease shall not be limited by any provision of any general, special or local law or city charter limiting the period of time during which a lease or any renewal thereof may run. Real property belonging to a public utility cor poration may not be acquired without the approval of the commission or other officer or tribunal having regulatory power over such corporation. An award of compensation shall not be increased by reason of any increase in the value of the real property caused by the assembly, clearance or reconstruction, or pro posed assembly, clearance or reconstruction for the pur poses of this act of the real property in an area. A local legislative body, upon payment therefor or upon exchange for other lands, may convey to any redevelopment company land in any street or public place which is duly closed or discontinued pursuant to the plan of a project. 26 Nothing in this section shall be deemed to forbid or prevent the acquisition of any real or personal property by a redevelopment company by gift, devise, bequest, grant, or subject to the provisions of this act, by purchase at public or private sale. § 21. Regulation of redevelopment companies The supervising agency shall: Examine each redevelopment company and keep in formed as to its general condition, its capitalization and the manner in which its property is constructed, leased, oper ated or managed with respect to its compliance with all provisions of law and orders of the supervising agency. The supervising agency m ay: 1. Either itself or through its inspectors or employees duly authorized by it, enter in or upon and inspect the property, equipment, buildings, plants, offices, apparatus and devices of any redevelopment company; examine all books, contracts, records, documents and papers of any re development company and by subpoena duces tecum compel the production thereof. 2. In its discretion, prescribe uniform methods and forms of keeping accounts, records and books to be observed by redevelopment companies, and after a hearing to pre scribe by order accounts in which particular outlays and receipts shall be entered, charged or credited. 3. Require specific answers to questions upon which it may desire information and require the filing of periodic reports in the form, covering the period, and at the time prescribed by it. § 22. Sinking fund Unless other provision be made therefor in the contract with the municipality, the supervising agency, if he shall deem it feasible at any time, subject to the limitation con 27 tained in section eight of this act, may require a redevelop ment company to provide for earnings, after provision for dividends and interest, a sinking fund in an amount to be fixed by such supervising agency for the gradual retire ment of the stock and income debenture certificates of such company. Such sinking fund may be used either for the purchase, from time to time, of stock or income debenture certificates at a price approved by the supervising agency not exceeding par value thereof with accrued and unpaid dividends or interest, or if it be not practicable to purchase such stock or such income debenture certificates at a price so approved, the moneys in such sinking fund may be added to the surplus of such company. Any stock or income deben ture certificates purchased out of such sinking fund shall be cancelled and shall not be reissued. § 23. Transfer of title or foreclosure of project 1. Until the termination of the tax exemption, whether by expiration or by any other cause, a redevelopment com pany, heretofore or hereafter organized, shall not have power to sell any project without the consent of the local legislative body. 2. I f an action be brought to foreclose a mortgage or tax lien upon a redevelopment project, heretofore or here after authorized pursuant to this act, and the property con stituting the project shall be acquired at the foreclosure sale, or by a conveyance in lieu of such sale, by a redevelopment company organized pursuant to this act, or by the federal government or an instrumentality thereof, or by a corpora tion which is, or by agreement has become subject to the supervision of the superintendent of banks or the superin tendent of insurance, such successor in interest shall acquire such project subject to all provisions of the contract regula ting such project and shall be entitled to all of the benefits contained in such contract. In all other cases of sale at fore closure or forced sale, the project shall be sold free of all 28 restrictions, except such covenants running with the land as may be contained in the contract regulating the project, and the tax exemption, if any, theretofore granted to such project shall immediately terminate. § 24. Dissolution 1. After termination of any tax exemption granted pursuant to section twenty-six of this act, whether by ex piration or by any other cause, or in the event that prior thereto the redevelopment company elects to pay to the municipality the total of all accrued taxes for which such exemption was granted and received, together with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum, the redevelopment company may voluntarily dissolve, and title to the project may be conveyed in fee to the owner or owners of its capital stock or to any corporation designated by it or them for the purpose, or the redevelopment company may be dissolved and reconstituted pursuant to appropriate laws relating to the formation and conduct of corporations, after providing, in any case, for the payment of all current operating ex penses, taxes, indebtedness and all accrued interest thereon, and the par value of and accrued dividends on the outstand ing stock of the redevelopment company. If, after making such provision and after the conveyance of the project, a cash surplus remains in the treasury of the redevelopment company, such cash surplus shall, upon dissolution, be paid into the general fund of the municipality. After such dis solution and conveyance or such reconstitution, the provi sions of this act shall become and be inapplicable to any such project and its owner or owners, and any tax exemption granted to such redevelopment company pursuant to section twenty-six of this act shall cease and terminate. 2. I f prior to the termination of any tax exemption the project is sold for any reason, the redevelopment company 29 shall dissolve, and any tax exemption granted to such re development company pursuant to section twenty-six of this act shall cease and terminate, except as otherwise pro vided in section twenty-three of this act. In such case the stockholders and income debenture certificate holders shall in no event receive more than the par value of their stock and the face value of their income debenture certificates with accrued and unpaid dividends or interest upon such stock and income debenture certificates, and any remaining surplus shall be paid into the general fund of the municipality. 3. In no event shall a redevelopment company be volun tarily dissolved unless provision is made for the payment in full of the remaining balance of principal and interest due or unpaid upon any mortgage on its property or any part thereof, but any project may, with the consent of the local legislative body of the municipality, be conveyed and trans ferred to the municipality subject to such mortgage and accrued interest. 4. Unless the local legislative body of the municipality shall consent to the voluntary dissolution of a redevelop ment company, such a company shall not dissolve except in accordance with subdivisions one and two of this section or upon the expiration of the period of corporate existence as fixed by its certificate of incorporation. 5. With the consent of the local legislative body and the superintendent of insurance, a redevelopment company heretofore or hereafter organized may voluntarily dissolve prior to the termination of any tax exemption granted pur suant to section twenty-six of this act and title to the project may be conveyed, and all other assets of such re development company may be transferred, to an insurance company, whether or not such project shall have been there tofore completed. After such dissolution and conveyance such tax exemption shall continue for the period of years 30 originally provided for in the contract, or for the unexpired portion thereof if such period shall have theretofore com menced, subject to prior termination pursuant to section twenty-five or section twenty-six of this act, and the pro visions of this act shall thereafter be applicable to such project and to such insurance company to the same extent and with the same force and effect as though such project had been initially undertaken by such insurance company pursuant to section twenty-five of this ac t; provided, how ever, that nothing herein contained shall be deemed to re quire the resubmission of the plan of the project and the contract relating thereto for approval pursuant to section fifteen of this act. 6. The contract with the municipality may contain such other provisions for the dissolution of the redevelop ment company as may be deemed advisable, not inconsistent with the provisions of this section. In case of a dissolution and conveyance in accordance with subdivision five of this section, the contract may be modified consistently with the provisions of said subdivision five and section twenty-five of this act, any such modifications to be approved by the superintendent of insurance and the local legislative body. 7. Upon dissolution as provided in this section, this act shall become and be inapplicable to the project and its owner or owners except as otherwise contemplated by sub division five of this section. § 25. Participation by certain corporations One or more insurance companies shall have the power to organize, or cause to be organized, a redevelopment com pany formed pursuant to the provisions of this act, and to purchase for cash or to receive and hold in exchange for property, and to own and control, the stock or the income debenture certificates or both of any redevelopment com pany and shall also have power to invest, singly or jointly, in a bond and first mortgage or in an issue of bonds secured 31 by mortgage or trust indenture constituting a first lien upon any project as provided in this act. An insurance company, however, which owns stock or income debenture certificates of a redevelopment company and also owns bonds or a bond and mortgage or an interest in a bond and mortgage of the same redevelopment company shall not, without the consent of the supervising agency, sell all or any part of such bonds or such bond and mortgage or of its interest in such bond and mortgage unless it shall simultaneously sell such stock and such income debenture certificates owned by it. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an insur ance company or companies operating a redevelopment project or owning all of the stock of a redevelopment com pany are hereby expressly authorized to enter into contracts contemplated by this act and to agree by contract with the municipality not to sell, assign, or otherwise transfer such project or the stock, income debentures or mortgage bonds of such redevelopment company during the period of tax exemption provided for by the contract pursuant to this act without the consent of the local legislative body of the municipality. An insurance company or companies owning all of the stock of a redevelopment company are hereby ex pressly authorized to make such capital contributions to any such redevelopment company, in cash or by cancellation of securities or otherwise, as may be necessary to enable such redevelopment company to comply with all conditions pre cedent to its dissolution and conveyance of its property in accordance with section twenty-four of this act, and upon dissolution of such a redevelopment company, to acquire the project, complete the same if not theretofore completed, and own and operate the same as a permanent investment for such period as it or they may deem desirable either directly or through acquisition and ownership of the capital stock of any corporation which may acquire title to the project pur suant to subdivision one of section twenty-four. An insurance company, instead of investing its funds in the stock and debentures or other obligations of a rede- 32 velopment company, may through direct ownership and/or lease acquire, own, construct, manage or operate as an in vestment for such period as it may deem desirable, one or more projects, in which event the provisions of sections seven, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, twenty, twenty- three, and twenty-six and subsection one of section thir teen of this act applicable to redevelopment companies shall be applicable to such insurance company in its operations with respect to any such project but not otherwise. Said provisions and the ensuing provision of this section shall cease to be applicable to any such project and to such insur ance company in its operations with respect to such project after termination of any tax exemption granted pursuant to section twenty-six of this act with respect to such project, whether such termination shall be by expiration or by any other cause, or in the event that prior thereto the insurance company elects to pay the municipality the total of all ac crued taxes for which such exemption was granted and re ceived, together with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum. I f any such project shall be sold by an insur ance company, the tax exemption with respect to such project shall thereupon cease and terminate unless the local legislative body shall otherwise provide. Until the termination of any tax exemption granted pur suant to section twenty-six of this act or until the provi sions of this act shall otherwise cease to be applicable: 1. An insurance company shall be entitled to earn and retain annually on a cumulative basis in respect of each project operated by it hereunder, before depreciation but after providing for all expenses, taxes and assessments at tributable to such project or to the income therefrom, a sum equal to but not exceeding six per centum of the total actual final cost of the project as defined by subdivision two of sec tion thirteen of this act. 2. Separate accounts shall be kept for each project operated by an insurance company. 33 3. I f the income from any such project for any year, after all expenses, taxes and assessments attributable thereto or to the income therefrom, shall be in excess of six per centum of the total actual final cost of such project as defined by subdivision two of section thirteen of this act, such excess shall be credited to a special reserve account. 4. I f the income from any such project for any year, after all expenses, taxes and assessments attributable thereto or to the income therefrom shall be less than six per centum of such total actual final cost, such deficiency shall be charged against such special reserve account. The amount of any accrued taxes and interest thereon paid by an insurance company pursuant to the second para graph of section twenty-six of this act may be charged against such special reserve account. An amount equal to any balance remaining to the credit of such special reserve account on the termination of the period of tax exemption shall be paid into the general fund of the municipality. If any project shall be conveyed to an insurance company in accordance with subdivision five of section twenty-four of this act, an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid in terest, amortization and dividends on the stock and evi dences of indebtedness of the redevelopment company there tofore accumulated in accordance with section eight of this act shall be charged against the special reserve account ex cept to the extent included in total actual final cost, and any remaining cash surplus derived from earnings remaining in the treasury of the redevelopment company shall be trans ferred to such insurance company and shall be,credited by it to the special reserve account provided for in this section applicable to such project. Except as specifically provided herein this act shall not be deemed to limit or restrict any power or authority granted to insurance companies or to any other corporation or to any fiduciary by any other provision of law heretofore or hereafter enacted. 34 § 26. Tax exemptions The local legislative body of any municipality in which a project of such company is or is to be located may by con tract agree with any redevelopment company to exempt from local and municipal taxes, other than assessments for local improvements, all or part of the value of the property included in such project which represents an increase over the assessed valuation of the real property, both land and improvements, acquired for the project at the time of its acquisition by the redevelopment company which originally undertook the project and for such definite period of years as such contract may provide. The tax exemption shall not operate for a period of more than twenty-five years, com mencing in each instance from the date on which the bene fits of such exemption first become available and effective. A redevelopment company which has been granted and has received tax exemption pursuant to this section may at any time elect to pay to the municipality the total of all ac crued taxes for which exemption was granted and received, together with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum. Upon such payment the tax exemption of the project shall thereupon cease and terminate.