Affidavit; Correspondence from Brock to Bradford Reynolds; List of North Carolina Constitutional Amendments; Correspondences from Brock to Bradford Reynolds; Memorandum from Sanders to Wallace; Reports of the Legislative Research Commission to the General Assembly of North Carolina, 1967

    I .'.' ; - ', ....'
IIN rllltj UNITED STA'r'ES DISTRICT COURTron-iu{ Eeiirnn DrsTRrcr oF NoRTrr cARoLTNA ".-t ,' 'i3!rl

I RALEIGII DIVTSION
| ''" 

''--":)ll 
!-;:'-""1t' 

'' :::lK

I CIVIL ACTION ,.

;, et .lr. , 
*o' Bl-Bo3-crv-s 

[ ' 
t' +l

llplaintilf f s, )

v. I i AFFTDAVTT

RUF'US EDMISTEN, 
". [, ]lr

Def enda[rts. )

I

Alex K. Brock, f,.i.,g duly s\{orn, hereby deposes and
Isays, 
I

1. l, afex [<. Brockr drn Secretary-Director of the
state Boarcl of Er..Jcions of North carorina, the of f ices of

Iwhlch are located ale suite B0r, Raleigh Brrildinq, 5 hlest
|---J.-

Hargett Street, nalpigh, North Carolina 2760L;
I2- r have sprved in that capacity continuously since

August 5, 1965, unal was, therefore, serving in that capacity
j-n Lg67 when the c.f,.r.r Assembry of North carolj-na ratified
chapter 640, sessiof, r,.*= ot Lg67, whj-ch contained proposals

Ifor two amendments lto the constitution of North carolina;
I3. Those twp eronosals were approved by vote of the
Ipeople in November pf 1958 and became Article rr, &4(3)

(presentty Arricle Ir, S3 (3) ) and Arri.cle It, S6 (3) lpr.sently
IArticle II 55(3) ) "F the Constitution of l.torth Carolina;

4. Article Ir, 53(3) provides, inter aIia, that the
IGeneral Assembly ofl North Carolina is prohibited from dividing

counties in formingl an. state senate erectoril clistricts;
Article rr, s5(3) nfotia"=, iltgr glig, that the General Assembly

is prohibited from frrrur.,n ;t;; formins state Represenrarive
electoral dlstri.a= |

I

5. As best I reca11, t did not deem these amend.ments to
lev,the State Constitutfon to be subject to the submission requirements
Iof s5 of the votinslnisnts Act of 1965, dt the time of their

adoptlon, and., ther$tore, r did not submit the amendments to the
IAttorney General ofl the Unlted States for approval or seek their
Iapproval by the unifed States District Court for the District of

Columbia, 
I

I

I

I

I

I
I

I

I



r*' owever, now advised the Attorney General

tional arnendments, by v,ray of correspondence

ember 22, 23, 24 and 28, 19Bt;

all of my corresponclence to the Attorney

n part the 1968 amendments is attached

ertinent attachments to the correspondence,

session 1aws, the corresponrlence and attach-

ated herein by reference:

ritted al1 information to the Attorney General

f any irnportance or siqnif,icance to a determina-

ether the amendments satisfy the requj-rements

Rights Act of 1965 and have requested that the

: as expedltiously as possible;

so submitted to the Attorney General, for his
.

Chapter 800, Chapter B2I, and Chapter 87,

, these constituting, respectively, North

ment plans for the state House and Senate,

and state Congressi aI electoral districts:

10. I have bmitted all other information deemed by rne

he apportionment p1ans, includinq all
tion requested by the Attorney General.

to be pertinent to

supplernental info

6. I have,

of the 1968 Constit

on the dates of .qep

7. A copy o

General, regarding

hereto, along with

excluding copies of

ments being incorpo

B. I have s

which I deern to be

tion by him as to w

of 55 of the Voting

determination be ma

9. I have a

approval, copj-es of

Session Laws of 198

Carolina's apporti

Sworn to

this the

and subsc ibed

01*H A*",/-
afex
S ecretary-Di rector
North Carolina State

Board of Elections

AFFIANT

before me

October,19BI.

u
?Lz-,J NOTARY

Commission Expi

6ffit' a of

UBLIC

I'1y



ALEX X. BFIOCK
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY -
OIRECTOR

At tention:

In re:

Gentlemen:

at each
by each
mi tted

ATL It()Alrt) ()l.. t.:Lt.:(:t'I()Ns
SutrE 80l RALETcH BurLDrN6

5 WE6T HARGETT STREET
RALETGH. NoRrH Cenoltxe 27601

Sep tember 22, 1981

BROCK AFTTDAVIT

ATTACIII(E}IT T

REGISTERED - RETIIRN RECEIPT
REQUESTED

TELEPHOI.IE
(919| t29-' l'r3

Mr. t{i1Iiam Bradford Rey
Asslstant Attorney Gener
Civil Rights Dlvlslon
United States Department
l{ashington, D. C. 20530

llteracy test or other d
reglster to vote. It is

lds

f Justlce

se measures were submitted after enact-
General Assembly, they are now being sub-
peop 1e.

ice as a precondltion to any indivldual to
n recognltion of the provlsions contained

Mr. Gerald l.I Jones
Sec tion

Carollna

Chief, Voti

State of Nor

Pursuant to provisi of sectlon 5, Voting Rlghts Act of 1965
d and renewed in 1970, we submit the
dments adopted (or defeated) by the
5 November 1968; 3 November 1970; 7 Nov-

Public Law 89-110, as
attached Consti tutional
voters of North Carolina
ember 7972; 5 November 1

4 November 1980. Wtrile
ment by the North Caroli

4; 23 March 1976; 8 November 1977 and

mitted after a vote by

You will note the f 1 text of each numbered amendment submltted
ed as is the total YES and NO vote received
each ballot ls attached hereto with the sub-

election is p
issue. A copy o

result table.

It is critical to a re you that even though Amendment {17 sub-
mitted for vote in the
North Carolina has not,

ember 3, 1970 General Election was defeated,
s not and will not utilize any type of

in the Voting Rishts Act f 1965 applylng to forty (40) counties in
North Carollna as well a rulings by the Federal'Courts that no lit-
eracy test shall be appli in this State.



r.
t

;

t-

f
U

Mr. lftn. Bradford Reynol

We awalt your conf

Attachments: Schedule
(7) Ballor

The undersigned cer
ment together with attac
Assistant U. S. Attorney
ment, Washlngton, D. C.
wlth Return Recelpt Requ
1981.

-2-

tion that no obJectlon ls

Very truly yours,

September 22, 1981

lnterposed.

ATTEST:

t,40
c*/k- {-<L

Notary Pub1ic

Ily comrnlssion explres

eu,*K Er^l
Executive Secretary - Dlrector

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

lfles that he has served the foregolng state-
ment on.the Honorable William Bradford Reynolds,
General, Clvll Rlghts Dlvlsion, Justlce Dlpart-

depositing same ln the U. S. MaiI Registlred
ted, postage prepaid thls 22nd day of September

Executive Secretary-p6r""at
N. C. State Board of Elections

ber 31, 1984.



ISSIJE #

Constitutlona.l Anendrnent estebJJ.shirrg
pnocedure for ffudng cmpensation of
members a^rd offlcers of the Goneral
Assedb\r, ard derrying beneflt of aqp
lacrease il conpernation to nenbors
of Session whlch enacts i.t.

Axnondtrg the Constitution of North
Carollna to require the General
Asse.h\y to reduce the State
Adnlnl,stratlve Departrnents to 25
ard to authorlze the Governor to
reorgani.ze the Adni.nistratlve
Departnents subJect to legislative

NOBTH CAROIJI{A COI,ISTIfl TIO}{AL AUE[.ID][EII?S

DESCRIPTION PROPOSED BY

-

NOVB,IBEB (. 1968

Constltutional
Anerdnent

Iegislature

Ieglslature

VCIIE
rEs NO RESI'LT

573,289 465122.5 Adopted

5&,1633 3n )95 AdoPted

TTPE

#t

#z constitutional Anendnent conti.nuing constltutional
present systen of reprosentati.on Anerdrnent
ln the C,eneral Assernb\r.

it

#z

NOVB{BEB 3. 1970

Revislng ard anerdlng the ConstLtutlon Constltutlonal
of North Caro];lna Anerdnent

Constltutlonal
Anerdrnent

Ieglslature

Iagtslature

393,759

400,892

25Lr732 Adopted

2r,81795 Adopted

#3

ilt+

t5

Ansrd the Constltutlon of North
CeroUna peroJ.ttlng ttrree-flfths
of the mubers of the General
Asseub\y to couveue extra sessjons
of the General Assenb\r.

Bsvising those portlons of the pnesent
or proposed State Constitutton
concertdng State ard local finances.

Anending the Constltutlon of North
Carollna to authorlze the C,eneral
Aseeub\y to fix personal exenptions
for i.ncoe toc prrposes.

Constltutlona].
Anerdnent

Constltuttonal
Anendnent

Constltutlonal
Arerdnent

Ioglslature

LeglsJature

332,98L 285r5gl Adopted

323,13L 281,087 Adopted

rrlcr- r

Iaglslature 336,66o 282r6n Adopted



ISSIJE # TTPE

#6 Anending the Constltution of North
Carollna to pnovlde that after
June 30, I97I, the escheats sha]-l
be used to aid North CaroHna
residents enrolled tn ary prrb}lc
lnstttutlon of hlgher educatlon
in thig State.

#? Anendilg the Constitutlon of North
Carolina by abolishi.ng the literacy
reErlrement for voting.

NORTH CAROLIM CCI{STfTUTfON[L AUEI,TDMEIfIS

LESCRTPTION

Constltuti,onal
Anerdnent

ConstLtutlonal
Anerdnent

Iaglslatrrre 2?g rt32 355r34? Defeated

?62r65L l+25 
'7@ Adopted

811r/*t*O 3c\rt*99 Adopted

VOTE

-2

NO RESTILT

48rl+5l

PROPOSED BII

Iegtslature

Iaglslatnre

I.egts)atrrne

ES

362rog7

NOVB{BER 7. 1a72

#t Anendlng the Constltutlon of North
Caro}Lna reducing the voting age
to 18 years and pnovidlng that
on\y persons 2l years of age or
older shall 66 stigible for
elective office.

#Z .Anerding the Constituil.on of North
Carol-lna to requl.re the General
Assemb\y to pnescribe ng)cillluln
age 'l { ni ts for senrlce ag a

Corutltutlonal
.Anerdnent

Constltutlonal
Amerdnent

#3

#4

Anerdlng the Constltuion of North
Carollna authorlzing the Creneral
Asseub\y to pescribe pnocedures
for the cerutung ard renonal of
Jwtlces and Judges of the C,eneral
Court of rlustlce.

Anerding the ConstLtutlon of Nozth
Carolina to conserrre and protect
North Carolinats natural resources.

Anending the Constltutlon of North
CarolLna 'l i ni filg i.ncorlrcratj.on
of cltles and torrns.

Constitutlonal
Anerd:nent

Constltutlonal
Amerdment

Constltutlonal
Anerdnent

Iaglslatrrre

Iegisla,ture

807,960 272r1+7O Adoptad

976,58L 1J*6 1995 Adopted

#5 Leglslature 694,g2L 3?4'].84 Adopted



ISSUE # TTPE

NOBTH CAROIJM COI,ISTITUTIONAL AI,{ENDUEI\IIE

DESCBIPTION

-

PBOPOSED BII

-

NOIIEI,IBER <. 1O7I

Iagtslature

IegLelature

-3

VqIE
]ES NO NESIITT

4?l+,Lgg 49 rl+52 Adopted

317 1285 376'269 Defeated

#t constltutionar Anerdnent clranglng the constltutlonal
title of the Constltutlonal offlce Anerdnent
of tSollcltorr to rDlstrict Attorney. r

#2 constltuttonsr Ansndrnent to create constltutlonal
Jobs and enploJrn€nt opportunities Anendnent
and to pnotect the envlronment by
authorlzing the issuance of nevenue
bond^: to finance lrdustrial ard
pollutlon control facilltles anong
others for industry ard the rati-
fication, validatlon, conflrmation
ard appnova1 of Chapter 633 of the
1971 Session Iars as anended, by Chapter
476 of tfu 19?3 Session Iaws o-f ttre'
Genoral Asse-h\y wtrich inplenents
the foregoing 8rd of the pnoceedlngg
talcen prsrrant thereto by ary cowrty
of the State in the creation of a

irdustrta]. fact't{tles flnanchg
authority rnd a'l'l proceedings by an
author{.ty so created in authorizlng
the financlng of lrdrrstrial ard
pollution control facll:Lties.

i-'\.*\. -,



NoRTH CAnoLIM CONSTIIUTIoML AI{ENIMAIIS

ISSIJE # TTPE

-

DESCRIPTION

MAnCH 2?. Ia75

#f Constltutlona]. Amerdnent to perrtt Constltutlonal
the C,eneral Asse-hfy to enact Anerdnent
general laws to authorlze the
Stat€, corntles, cltles or tonns,
ard other Steto ard local gov€r[-
nental entlties to Lssue revenue
bords to flnance or reflnance fon
ary such governuontal entlty or
aqf nonprofit prlnate corporatlon,
regardless of argr church or reli.glous
relationship, the cost of acquirlng,
constnrcting Brd flnanclng health
satt fgs{I{ty poJects, such bonds
to be payable lbon the revemes,
grosrs or net, of aqp such pnoJects
aad ary other health gatt fssl'l{tlss
of ary such gwernnentel entiry or
nonpnotlt private corporatlon pledged
therefor.

#Z Constltutlonal Anerdnent to perntt the. Constltutlonal

Iaglsl^ature

Legls)ature

PBOPOSED BT

-

-4

VqTE
IES NO NESULT

3&rog3 3ILr3@ Adopted

3n '$3 3A+r938 Adopted
General Assenb\y to enact general
lawE to authorize corrnti-es to creato

Amendrent

to flrance, but not to refirence,
the cost of capltal pnoJects consistLng
of l-ndtrsttC€,1, rnanrfacturirlg ald
pollutlon control f6g{'l{fiss for lndustry
ard pollution contlpJ- fEgirrties for Snrbllcuti.}ltles, ard to refirrd such bonds, such
bonds to be secured by and payeble on\y
from nevenues or pnoperty derlved fron
pnlvate parties and ln no event to be
secured by or pagrable fron ary prbJ-ic
none!rc rdratsoever.

i'**- r



-5

ISSI'E # TIPE

- 
-

#f Constltutlonal Amerdnent extendlng.to a narrled nan (as a marrled
wo'man now has) the right to recelve
the homestead exempti.on is. avallable
to the sunriving spouee of the owner
of a homestead, lf the oyrner dies
leaulng no ntnor chlldren and the
sunriving Epouse does not own &
separate hmestead.

#Z Constltutlonal Anerdnent aJ*lorlng
every person the rlght to insure
hls or her }lfe for the beneflt of
his or her spouse or children or
both, free fron a'l t claims of the
repnesentatives or creditors of
the insured or his or her estate.

NoRTH CAROLTI{A CONSTIIT TIoML Al,tENpl(ENIs

DESCRIPTION PBOPGED BT

- -

NOVE.{BER 8. Iq77

Constitutlonal
Amendment

Iegls)ature

Constltutlonsl
Ansrdrcnt

Iaglslature

Ieglslature

VOTE
IBS

5t7 
'366

fis,52l,

3Vl,754

NO NESULT

59'?U Adopted

5? '835 ldopted

278r0l3 Adopted#3 constltutlonal Anerdment enporvering constltuttonal
the quali.fled voters of the State lmendnent
to elect the Governor ard Lteutenant
Goverzror to a second successlve terr
of the Eare office.

. Srj-u :'
L---..--. ;



NORTH CAROLINA CONSTINNIONAL AI.{ENDMEMS

PROPOSED EIT

Iagislature

VqIE

-6

NO RESULT

1801624 Adopted

rssrrE # gPE DESCRTPTION

#4 Constltutlonal Anerdnent to pemit Constitutlonal
ururlclpalitles orning or operating Anerdnent
electric generatlon, transmission
or distrlbutlon facil{tles and Joint
agencies conposed of such murdcl-
palities to cwn, operate ard naintaln
general and transmisslon fss{'li flse
with arsr pereon, firm, assoclatlon
or corporetion, p$I:Lc or private,

, engaged in the generatlonr trans-
mission or distribution of electrlc
power and enerry for resale (each,
respectlve\r, ra co-orner) ritfrU
thls State of angr state contiguous
to this State, ard to issue electric
revenue bords to finance the cost of
the ornership share of such muricl-
palitles or Jolnt agencies, such bords
to be secured by and pa;rable on\r fron
the electric revernres of such Brrlcl-
palitles or Jolnt agencies and pnovlding
that no money or pnoperty of such mrnicl-
paJ-lties or Joint agencies shal-l be
credj.ted or applied to the account of
arry such co-ol{ner.

t:Es

3t+gry)5

#5 Constitutlonal Anerdnent requiring that
the total exponditures of the State
for the fiscal perlod correr"ed by the
State budget shall not occeed the
total of revenues raised during that
flscal period and ary surplus rcnal*-
ing ln the State Treasu4r at the
beglnning of the pertd, and requirlng
the Governor to effect the necessarlr
econonles in Stat€ ecpenditures wherp
ever he determines that a deflclt Ls
threatened.

Constitutional
Anendnent

Ieglsl^Btrrre t*3 1453 LOI+'935 MoPted

frK"Er



-',

@ 
vorE

ISIiIIE # TI?E DESCRIPTIOI PROFGED BI Tll NO REiI,IJ

EU4trEE-&rJSp

#1 CoDltJ,tuti@a1 lDstdDent requkfDg CdlgtLtutl,otl8J. LgilLitur. @1634 35217\ Adopt d
JurtJ.coe qrd Judgcg of tho suFlur llodrlt
Court, Court o! AppeaLs, SuFtr.or
Court ad DiEtrtct oourt to be duJJr
autborLa6d to FctLca Lsr Flor
to slrctLon or eppotrtront.

SubuLtted by the State Board of ELectlons of
North Carol5.na thls 22rd day of Septeuber 1981.

ClzxM
Facecutive Secretartrr-Dlrector



It{

ALEX K, BROCX
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY -
OIRECTOR

In re:

Gentlemen:

Under
submi tted
submi tted
ments were

Mr. lftn Bradford Reyno
AssisTant Attorney Ge
Civil Rlghts Dlvision
United States Departm
Washington, D. C. 2O5

Attention: Mr. Geral
Chief, Vo

State of

date of 22
a schedule
to voters a
voted on.

At direction of
eral for Legal Affatr
acts authorizing the
will be transmitted u

We are prompted
conversation with Mr.
ments other than the
When he recelved our
that we lnclude in ou
the facts to Asslstan

The amendment #2
much as the wrlter intno change ln electl

ATI' It( ),\ttl) ( )I.' t.:1,t.:(.-l'I():{s
SUrTE' 80l RALEtcx BurLorNo

5 WEE' HARGETT STREET
RALEToH. NoFTH Cenourxe 27(,,01

September 23, 1981

BROCK ATFIDAVIT

ATTACHMENT II

REGISTERED - RETURN RECEIPT
REQUESTED

Wallace, Deputy Attorney Gen-
coples of the legislatlve

amendments. These Documents
a matter of a few days.

TELEPHOI{E
(919t E29-7 r73

ds
ra1

nt of Justice

lr. Jones
ing Sectlon

rth Carolina

September 1981 (Registered No. 28254) rhis office
f Constitutlonal Amendments along wlth ballots
each statewlde election ln whlch subJect amend-

ounsel, Mr. James M.
, rde are accumulatlng
te on the submitted
er separate cover in

point out that Mr. Wallace, during a telephone
Reynol.ds, was totally unaware that there were amend-

submltted at an election held on 5 November 1968.
chedule of amendment elections Mr. Wallace requested
letter that he.ln no way attempted to mlsrepresent
Attorney General Reynolds.

voted on ln 1968 was not previously submitted inas-
rpreted the effect of the amendment to constltute
or votlng procedure. t



Mr. l{rn Bradford Re lds

Flnally, due to
clate your consldera

tlotary Publtc

My Cornmlssion explre

-2-

ndlng actlon ln
on ln expedltlng

Very truly

September 23r 1981

Federal Court we wl1l greatly appre-
these matters

yours,

Qu<8A
Executive Secretary
N. C. State Board of

- Director
Elections

October 31, 1984.



ALEX K. BROCK
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY -
OI RECTO R

Mr. l,Im Bradford R

Assistant Attorney
CivtI Rlghts Divis
United States Depa
Washington, D. C.

At tentlon:

In re:

Mr. Ge
Chief,

State
Cons t,i

Gentl emen:

We transmit h
electlons to be he
ments proposed by
of the quallfied v
supplement the inf
ember 1981 (Regist
tnformation referr
istered No. 28268)

The writer ha
acts proposing Con
electlon or voting

Chapter 640 S

1200 Sesslon
Laws of 1977i
Chapter 363 S

The submisslo
amendments not p

ATL IT( )AIr l) ()t.' !.:LD(..1.I()NS
SUITE 80I RALEIoH BUILDINo

5 WE3T HARGE'T STREET
RALEToH. NoRrH Cenolrxe 2ZAOI

September 24, 1981

BROCK AFFIDAVIT

ATTACIIIIENT TIT

REGISTERED . RETURN RECEIPT
REQUESTED

T EL E PHO,.I E
(0lot t29-? tr3

no lds
Genera I
on
tment of Justice
0530

a1d tI.
Vo ting

Jones
Section

Caro I ina
Amendments, Supplemental

f North
tional

rewith coples of legislative acts authorizing
d on whether or not the ConstitutionaL Amend-
he submltted acts shall be approved by a vote
ters ln North Carolina. These submisslons
rmation transmitted by our letter dated 22 Sept-
red No. 28254) and constitute the addttlonal

to in our letter dated 23 September 1981 (Reg-

undertaken to burden you only wlth Ieglslative
titutional Amendments that deal generally with
practlces. They are:

ssion Laws of 1967i Chapters 7258, 1004,
ws of 1969; Chapters 201, 535, 857 Session

Chapter 394 Session Laws of 1973; and
sslon Laws of L977.

s transmltted herewith constitute all acts and
ously submitted deallng with areas covered



Mr. l{m Bradford Rey lds -2-

under the Votln ts Act of 1965.

We wl11 apprec

Attachments: (9)

The underslgne
statement together
Jones, Chief, Votl
ington, D. C. by de
wlth Return Recelpt
September 1981.

ATTEST:

1,, .i tr. J
Notary Publlc

My Conunlsslon expire October 31,1984.

September 24,1981

te your expeditlous handltng of thls matter.

Very truly yours,

C/r"*,d 8r*.L
Executlve Secretary - Dlrector

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

certifles that he has served the foregoing
th attachments on the Honorable Gerald lI.
Section, U. S. Department of Justlce, Wash-
siting same ln the U. S. MalI registered
equested, postage prepaid this 24th day of

Cz./K Brra



J
r"

ALEX K. BROCK
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY -
DIRECTOR

Attention:

In re:

Gentlemen:

Mr. IE Bradford Reynold
Assistant Attorney Gene
Civtl Rights Divlsion
United States Departmen
l.lashington, D. C. 20530

Mr. Gerald
Chief, Voti

State
Cons ti

of No
tu ti

Transmitted herewi
/11 and ll2 relative to
(Registered No . 28254);
ember 1981 (Reglstered

Exhibit ll1 represe
Exhibit {12 is a hisrory
Constitution and should
s tanding.

Both of these do
the Institute of Gover
Institute of Government
Carollna ln research a
Cons ti tu tion.

Trusting these fur

Attachments: (2)

BROCK AFTIDAVIT

AFFIDAVIT IV

TII I t( ),\ t< t ) ( )If l.:I.t.:( -l.I( ,NS
SUITE. 80I RALEIGH. BUILDING

5 WE6T HARGETT STREET
RALETGH. NonrH CenolrNt 276c l

September 28r 1981

REGISTERED . RETURN RECEIPT
REOUESTED

aI

of Justlce

Jones
Sectlon

th Carolina
1 Amendments, Supplemental

you will find additional supplemental exhlbits
r prevlous transmittals dated 22 September 1981
23 September 1981 (Regtstered 28268); and 24 Sept-

28277) .

ts the

TELEPHONE
(9t9' 7!3-rr7!

f the
rovide

orlgln of the amendment voted on ln 1968.
evolution of the North Carollna State
an adequate background for clearer under-

nts were prepared by John Sanders, Dlrector of
nt of the University of North Carollna. The
eguLarly assists the General Assembly of North
development of leglslation dealing with the

er documents will assist ln your review we are,

Very truly yours,

eu// 8
Executlve Secretary - Director



I
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I.,
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The underslgned
ment together with at
Voting Sectlon, Civll
Washington, D. C. by
Return Recelpt Reguest
1981.

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

rtlfies that he has served the foregolng state-
chments on the Honorable Gerald W. Jones, Chlef,
lghts Divlslon, U. S. Department of Justice,

lting same ln the U. S. Mall Reglstered wlth
, postage prepald thls 28th day of September,

ATTEST:

t(.<cL(

Notary Publlc

My conrnlsslon explrel

0a, n 8r*r/*
Executlve Secretary-Director
N. C. State Board of Elections

tober 31, L984.



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TO:

FROM:

OATEr

INSTITUT
T}iE UNIVERSITY OF

Memorandutn.

Jlrn Wallace

John Sandera

9l23l8L

SUBJECT:
taaaaaaaaaaaaoaaaaaaaaaoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaoaaa

Thle ls the

proposed by the

in 1968. As I

The amendment not coneldered more than a Job of neatenlng-up

the Constltutlon

General AeeeubJ.y

Court ln Drum.

nake lt reflect the reallty followlng the

e actlon ln compllance wlth the order of the

ORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL 27514

OF GOVERNMENT

ExurErT -4 /

epeclflc orlgln of the constltutlonal amendment

L967 GeneraL Aseenbly and ratlfled by the voters

1, I worked wlth Herbert Hyde on thls subJect.



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Y
n

H. P. Taylor, Jr.

Robert B. Morgan,

Member

Senator

Senator

Senator

Senator

Senator

ISTATIVE RESEARCH COMMISSION

1965 196?

Co-Chairmen:

eaker of the House

Pro Tempore

Representatives, 1965-66

the Sinate, 1965-66esident

of

of

Mem Anooi

n Belk

ert L. Hyde

M. Mi11s,

Seay,

White

es entative

es entative

esentative

esentative

es entative

th Pres id

Jr.

Jr.

Philip

Claude

Hugh S.

Dwight

Wayland

he Soeak

P. Godwin

M. Hamrick

Johnson, Jr.

W. Quinn

J. Sermons

IN

r

He

Fr

Th

Th

ed

Rep

Rep

R

Rep

Rep

eta the C Ls st_on

Itlrs. Fred M. Benton



I

V

a

Report No. I

REPOBO ON

ASSEI'IBLI OF NOffE C,AR0LIIIA

North Carollna
slatlve Reaearch Coomlaslon

Rd.elgh

L96T



$;

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MEIroRAl,lDtl'{

TO:

FRO}I:

DATE:

STEJECT:

Jamee l{allace

John Sanderp

September 24-\

The Subdlvlel

Dlstrlcte for

North Carol

Ttre purpoae of thl

provlelons of the Conet

establlstment of dlstr

Houee of Repreeentatlv

whether and when a couu

L979-193s

Fron 1976 through

the Senate ahould cone

of Commone should conel

elected one from each of

electlon dletrlct for

apportloned to each c

fornlng senate dlstrlcta

aleo the dlatrlct for

for the borough nenbera)

of countl.ee ln fornlng s

98r

of

the

Et.atst 7 *2

Countlee ln Drawtng Senate and Repreeentative

Electlon of lGrnbers of the General Aesenbly of

memorandum le to trace the evolutlon of the

to the

the Senate and

the queatlon of

euch a dletrlct.

utlon of North Carollna wlth respect

for the electlon of the menbere of

wlth partlcular to the attentton of

nay be dlvlded ln the formatlon of

35, the Constltutlon of North Carollna provlded that

of one member elected fron each county and the Houee

of two membere elected from each county plue nenbere

alx (later eeven) boroughs. The county wae the

bers of the Senate and wlth only one Senator

Ir no queetlon of the subdlvlslon of countlee ln

arose. Conetltutlon of L776, Sec. 2. The county wag

election of uembere of the Houee of Cor"mona (except

and the Constltutlon dld not authorlze the dlvislon

h dletrtcte. C,onetl.tutlon of L776, Sec. 3.



I
t

:

*
I

v

1836-1858

Ttre State Constltu

then nade repreeentatl

Senators " to be elect,ed

Asaenbly " ln proportlon

State . . ., ?rovided,

Senatorlal dLetrlct."

1835 anendmente, the

countlee ae unlte, with

was compoeed of 120 nen

thecountleg...."

member, lrreepecttve of

fulflllnent of that gua

countlee accordtng to a

1835, Art. I, Sec. l, P

requlring s lngle-c ounty

granted to the General

electlon dlstrlcte. Sl

Anendnente of 1835, the

dlatrlcts could have

1868-r968

The Conetltutlon

Anendmente of I835 that

nembere of the llouee of

1on

of

wa8 extenelvely amended ln 1835. Ttre Senate wag

property (neaeured lndlrectly by atate taxee) wlth

dlstrlcts" decennlally establlehed by the General

to the publlc taxee paid lnto the Treasury of the

at no county ehall be dlvlded ln the foruatlon of a

ndmente'of 1835, Art. I, Sec. l, Par. l. Under the

ee of Commone wae Eade rnalnly representaElve of the

eome leavenlng for populatlon. The Houee of Conmone

r8r ".blennlalLy choeen by ballot, to be elected by

ery county was guaranteed the rlght to elect one

lts populatlon, and the members rernatnlng after the

antee were apportLoned anong the nore populoue

fornula preecrlbed by the Conetltutlon. Anendnente of

t. 2. Ttrle provlslon was unlformly treated ae

lotrlcta for Commona membere, and no power tras

eenbly to dlvlde or comblne counttes ln formlng

blacke were not pernltted to vote under the

prohlbltlon agaLnet dlvtdlng countlee ln fornlng

no racial purpose or effect.

pted ln 1868 retalned the baelc conceptlon of the

fron digtrlctg and that

elected from countles.

Senatore ehould be elected

Representatl.vee ehould be



*

^
0

The Conetltutlon

dletrlcte ehould be ea

contaln "8s nearly aB

and IndLans not taxed .

of a Senate DlstrLct,

nore Senators." Ihle

alngle county contalned

or more Senatore would

electlon dletricte. In

nore than one Senator to

act of 1963. Ar thar t

dlstrlct compoeed of l&

to the dletrlct compoeed

subseguent tlne to dlvl

as the Conetltutlon wouL

The House of Repr

Sece. 6 and 7, continued

House of Comnona under

fact that the whole po

calculatlng the apportLo

aeat per county had been

provlded " that the llouse

and twenty Repreaentatl

countLes reapectlvely .

rraa no provlslon for the

1868, Art. II, Sec. 5, preacrlbed that the Senate

lahed on the baele of populatlon so that each ehould

be, an equal number of lnhabltanta, excludlng allena

t i and no county ehall be dlvlded ln the fornatlon

ess euch county ehall be equltably entltled to two or

vlelon comtenplated that only Ln the event that a

flclent lnhabltantB to cauae it to be allocated two

t county be eubJect to dlvislon lnto two or more

act, the GeneraL Aseenbly never saw flt to allocate

any elngJ.e-county dletrlct until the apportionment

, three Senate aeata were apporttoned to the

enburg County and two aenate eeata hrere apportLoned

of Foreyth County. No effort was made then or at any

thoee countlee lnto two or three electlon dlstricte
have alloned.

tatlves under the Conetltutlon of 1868, Art. II,
to be apportloned ln the eame mrnner as had been the

Conetltutlonal Anendnente of 1835, save for the

atlon and not the federal population was ueed ln

t, of eeate left over after the guarantee of one

eatlefled. Ttre Constttutlon, lrt. II, Sec. 6,

of Repreeentatlves ehall be composed of one hundred

s, blennlally chosen by balIot, to be elected by the

. ." the county rra6 the electlon dletrlct. Ttrere

conblnatlon of countLee or the dlvlalon into two or



\,

,,\

[lore electlon dletrlcte

of the Houee of Repres

for the dlvlslon of

exlst.

The eynpathy of t

1868, for votlng by b

black males 21 yeara of

that ConventLon underet

ln the formatLon of J.eg

dteadvantaglng black vo

Drum v. Seawell

As a reeult of an

Court for the lflddle Dl

declared the exlstlng a

Repreeentatlves to be I

ordered both houseg to

found no fault wlth the

apportlonnent of the St

among dlstrlcte. It f

of the llouee of Repre

every county could be

remalning twenty membe

proportlon to populat

the provlelong of the S

afforded at Least one

atlves. In

of countlee

4

that were apportloned two or Eore menbere

the abeence of a conetltutlonal provlalon

underetood that auch authorlty dld nottlee, lt wae

Conventlon of 1868, whlch franed the Conetltutl.on of

ks waa lndlsputable; lt opened the franchiee to all

age. Ttrerefore lE 18 lmprobable that the members of

the ltnltatlone they lnpoeed on dlvldlng countles

elatlve dlstrlcte to have had the purpose or effect of

er8.

tlon (Drun v. Seawell) brought ln the Unlted DletrLct

trlct of North Carolina 1n 1965, a three-Judge court

rtlonment of the North CarolLna Senate and Houee of

vl.olatlon of the Unlted States Constltutlon and

e reapportloned on the baele of populatton. Ttre court

exlstlng state constltutlonal provlslon governlng the

t,e Senate, slnce lt requlred equall.ty of populatlon

nd that the exletlng provlslon governtng apportlorunent

tatlves waa Lnvalld becauee there rras no way ln whlch

aranteed one of the 120 members of the Eouee and the

eEl1l be eo apportLoned that equal representatlon ln

could achleved. Accordlngly, the court held "that

ate Constltutlon requlrlng that each county be

presenEetlve regardleee of lts populatlon and the



\,

o

lmplenentlng statute (N.

Protectlon provlaione of

VOld."

hrreuant to the ma

January of 1966 and rea

Repreaentatlvea. Ttre pl

three-Judge federal cour

1970. Those plane dld

Repreeentatlve dletrlcte

dld the court t,ake excep

5

.G.S. L20-2) to be ln vlolatlon of the Equal

the Fourteenth Amendment and therefore nul1 and

te of the federal court, the General Aseenbly net

rtloned the State Senate and House of

lt then adopted were aubeequentLy approved by the

and controlled the electtons of L966, I968, and

t dlvide countlee ln the foruatlon of Senate or

No protee rnade of that fact at the tlme, nor

lon to that fact on lts own account.

L967

the

read

Constltutlonal Anendnent f 1958

The Leglslatlve Re arch Commlaelon flled wlth the General Assenbly of

h several aepecte of the organlzatlon and servlcee ofa report deallng wl

General Aaeenbly of

as follows:

rth Carol-lna. One recommendatlon of that report

We recommend the ndnent of the State Conetltutlon ln order to conform
the provlslons of t t Constitutlon pertal.nlng to the apportlonment of
the State Leglela e to the current practlcea ln that reepect.

That brlef sectlon f the report of the Leglslatlve Research Connieslon

the 1966 extra eesslon of the General Assenbly in

of the court Ln Drum v. Seawelt, 'made obeelete a

noted that the action of

of the North Carollna Constltutlon wlth reepect to

B€o l{hlLe the Conetltutional provlelone governing

are not ln confllct wlth the Federal Conetltutlon,

they are ln need of nl.no clarlfylng revlston." A b111 to carry out the



q

v

recommendatlon of the Leg

General Aeeembly of 1967'

membere of each houae, ra

1968, and took effect u

The adoptlon of thle ane

membere of the Senate and

memberg rdere then elected

of Senate dletrlcts and t

were rewrltten ln the lnt

waa the declaratlon that

SenateDistrlct. .. ."

Sec. 4 (3). Ttrle Provlsl

Congtltution ae lt had r

county to whlch more than

electoral dletrLcts. The

Aeaenbly, however, and th

abeolute prohlbltton agal

Senate dlstrlcta constit

voters of the State no c

or effect. There havlng

than county-wlde elect

baele for epeculatlon t

any other Partlcular I

that they dld not enJoY

from dletrlctg that were

latlve Reeearch Connlealon t aa subnltted to the

pproved by the requlalte three-flfthe of all the

fled by the votere of the State ln November of

the certiflcatlon of the amendment late ln 1968.

nt made no change ln the actual aPPortlonnent of

use of Representatlves or ln dlstrLcts frorn whlch

Ttre provielons wlth respect to the establlstment

apporttonnent of Senatore among thoae dletrl'ets

et of clarity. Ttre only posslbly new provlslon

No county shall be dtvlded ln the fomatlon of a

Conetltutlon of 1868 as anended ln 1868, Art. II,

appeare to reverae tn part that Provlslon of the

fron 1868 to 1968 pernittlng the dlvlslon of a

two Senators lrere apportloned lnto two or more

authorlty had never been exercleed by the General

refore the lncluslon ln the 1968 amendment of the

t the dlvlslon of countles Ln the fornatlon of

ln the nLnde of the General Aesenbly and the

e in practl.ce. Nor dld lt have any racial notlve

been no precedent experlence of the use of lese

dietrlcte for members of the Senate, there ie no

under euch a dlvlslon of countlee, black voters or

nt of the populatlon would have enJoyed advantageg

the prevalllng practlce of electlng Senatore

t least county-wlde ln extent.



The 1968 amendment

be the caee from L776 fo

" No county ehall be

. . ." Oonetltutlon of

thl-s conatltuted no cha

lt hae been unlformly

prlor to 1968 also prohl

Representatlve dlstrlctB

Eore seats ln the House

acknowledge thaE fact t

dlstrlcte . . .", a reco

for electlng nenbere of

Agaln, eince no county

RepreeentatLve dletrlcte

sub-county dlatrictlng,

votlng populatlon would

the prevalllng plan of d

The clear command

dlvtded ln the for^roatlon

unlforr praetlce etnce I

votera that lt ruould be

Lnto potentially conpetl

creatlon of leglelatlve

couutiee have oany gove

the county; theae lnte

and the best lntereats o

the General Aseenbly lf

leo Eade clear what had been unlformly underetood to

rd:

dlvlded ln the formatlon of a RepreaentatLve Dletrict

868 as amended ln 1968, Irt. II, Sec. 6(3). Agaln,

ln the exletLng pattern of apportionnent; lndeed,

erstood that the conGtLtutlonal provieLon as lt read

lted the eubdlvlelon countlee ln the formatlon of

even though a county night be apportloned two or

f Representatlves. Ttre 1968 aoendment dLd

E - [T]he Repreeentatlves shall be elected from

ltlon of the fact that nany multt-county dletrlcte

he Houee of Representatives had exlsted elnce 1966.

ever been divtded ln the formatlon of

there le no baels for epeculatlon that under euch a

Lack votere or any other ldentlflable segnent of the

enJoyed greater advantage than they enJoyed under

Btrlcte conpoeed of one or more whole countlee.

the 1968 amendment that countles should never be

of Senate or Repreeentative dlstrlcts, 1lke the

76, reflected the convlctlon of leglelators and

lee publlc poIlcy for countles to be eubdlvtded

lve polltlcal unlto, aB uould llkely follow the

lstrlcEB of leea than county-*rlde extent. Ttre

ntal and polltlcal interests that extend throughout

te oft,en bear upon local or statewlde leglelatlon;

the countles could be moet falthfully represented

he eountiea were not polltlcally eubdlvlded. That

1n

1e



o
f'

&

the pollttcal

has nothlng to

Judgment

do wlth

Constltutlon of l97l

The North Carollna

Conetitutlon that ldaa 8

that eeesioo, eubnltted

electlon, and took eff

changes ln the provlel

apportlonment of the

Conetltutlon as Lt read

c orrespondlng provlelo

are at nost gramoatlca

apportlonment of the

been brought fonrard ln

of the North Caroltna S

wae notably true wlth

Ilouee of Representatlve

formatlon of a Senate I

Constltutlon of 1971 r

the votere ln 1968.

or the voters ln 1969-

pollcy agalnet dlvldi

It le the provla

Aeeembly of t98l acted

of the Senate and Houe

electlone of 1982 and

I

hat the prohibltlon under exantnatlon beepeake, and lt

aclal conslderatlona.

State Constltutlon Study Connlsslon drafted a revleed

tted to the General Aeeenbly of 1969, approved by

the votere ln 1970, approved by then at that

on I July 1971. Ttrat provlelon oade only very

of Artlcle II of the Conatltutlon deallng wlth

te and Ilouse of Representatives. A comparlaon

follorlng the amendnent of 1968 end ln the

of the ConetltutLon of 1971 reveals that the

mlnor

the

of the

changea

governlng

General

nenberg

the

1968, have

the proposed text wlth no eubetantlve ch8nge." RePort

ate Constltutlon- Study Connnlselon, P. 30 (1968). thle

BpecE to the parallel provlelone for the Senate and

etatlng that " tdo county shall be dlvlded ln the

r RepresenEatlvel Dletrlct . . ." Ihue the

terated the pollcy that had been earlter declared by

re le no bagle for alleglng that the General Aseembly

had a raclal motlve ln reaesertlng the lmmenorlal

ftre Connleelon Btated that "the provlsLona

houeee, adopted by the people ln Noveuber,

countiee ln foralng leglslatlve dletrlcte.

e of the Constitutl.on of 1971 under which the

n devlslng the dlstrlcte and apportlonnent of

of Representatlves among then, effectLve for

Bequent years.



I
s

7. ftllglatlve Representatlon

1on of the Unlted States Dlstrlct Court tn Dru4g[g]!!!!.,Ttre decl

2l[9 r. Supp. (M.D.N.C, L965)r and the resultlng actlon of tbe General

Aoseubly ln

Latlon have

ap1rcrtlon1ng the Eouse of Eepresentatlvee to reflect popu-

e obsolete a portlon of the provislons of the North Caro-

Ilna Constitu wlth respect to apportlonnent of the House. Whil.e the

constltublon provislons governlng apportlorunent of the Senate are not

th the federal Constltutlon, they are 1n need. of mlnor1n confllct v

clarlfylng re lslon. rt le now crear'that no amendnent vllL be a.dded. to

t he federal netltut,ion to pemlt a return to the non-popuratlon besed,

schenes of the past. Therefore ve favor anendlng the stateapportionnent

Constltutlon sucb rray as to nalce lt conform to current apportl0nment

prar:blce. A

appendix to

rat't of a blll to achieve thls result 1s attached, as an

Report.

Recommendetion

We

to conf

the arnend$ent of the state Constltutlon ln order

the provlslons of that Constltutlon pertalnlng to the

of the state Leglalature to the cument practlces

in that spect.

apport t

]-ll