Cooks v. State Court Opinion

    v-( q*t
63{ il:r. 276 SOUTEERN REPoB,TER, 2d SEBIES

lating Scctiorrs I artl 3 of this _,\ct unle-.s
thc accrrsetl is fjrst scrverl u,itlr prior
ri rittett lrotrcl th;u :hcrc is rc;r.onltl,le
callsc to lrelrer.t, thr. rnatcrial ltl)()n u.hich
such prosccution i: lrascd r.iolatcs this
..\ct, and tht accusecl ha:;, aftcr rect,ivirrg
such notice yirrl:rtcd this Act.,,

It is ordcrccl arrd ;rcljrrdgecl Ir-v this Court
that for the error notecl thc .yu.tgrn.rt inthis cause 'lrc rcvt.rsctl and thc a"ura aan-
durcd and the aplrcllants discharged.

Rcversed ancl rcrrdercd.

.l,ll the Judges concrrr.

"t:-
L Crim

lrc f ori'
\\ ;t s Ila

Jrrr )SCClt

rrtrit iott
I nspcct i

;rnt \{as

2. Crlmi

I )c,

ni:r dl il

;.rj( nt ()1

irr,l 1.', ,,
llili: \'.,i

111,i 1:;r:.

3. Crimlr

U,2l Thc noticc ir: rhc insianr casr
rvas scrr,ed on thc appcllarrt JIcKinrrc_r. lrut
it u as .not scrve(l ol thc alrpcll:rnt I.irr_sh.
('crtainly appellarrt llush corrlcl not lrc pros-
cr:rrtcd rvithout Lcing strled rvitlr the noticr.
require(l hy the slatlltc, anrl scrvicc orr
llcNrnnef'\\'as rtr)t iloticr to l)ush. lt is
noted that thr. nr,ticc se rr i.il otr ficKinncr
riilr,'it,l ltis lrucl.1r,,tr 1,, .tlt( nrr,;;,,:: lritj-
tl;I-( . \'rlrr :rr(' li{,\\ .itr,r,,.jrrl :u tjtr. I';r:-:.'l'lrt:,itr." '] ltr st:,ll:t, ilr rllt(.11r111 1r161.j1j1._
thit' "tr riltrr) ir, rl 1..( : lt:it thr r.t. ts t-Cirsartr-
alrl( C:lt:Sc tLt,,t,licr.t. ti:r nrilt(,ri;,1 ul)Oi:
u'l: je], sriili Jr1',_,5,. r-.1111o1 i. lrirst d r.iolirt r.,
tirt ..\ct" tltit.'cl i)(. se;., t,i.l 1,rior trJ lrr.osc-
1';ui,,:.. 'fhc 

1r,,rsr,11 prt.1,;rrirrg s:t:J notic,.
r:, rultl not hali. inteldccl that rhc noticc
siroulcl co',,er ntatcrial to bc shou.tr in rhr.
f rrtrrrc for he u ot:ld har.c rto krrou lt.rlgc oi
litr 1ir1;11 1';1 r:t "ii;r. trt;rlt r r:tl ' r.,,:.:;,it , ..
il;t t t,r. \\'t, t:rtr.t rc.l( c1 .tlt(. cllt:i:; t,r. 1ilt.
( rt.. of 'htscaloo.;r tit;ll tirt, ltr)1it.r, st,rr t.ii
on rire riplreilatrt ilcIrirtnc_r co\.r.r( (l tl)(.
iilrlrs shon.n thc lrcrt ,.llr.r lt f t..r ir \\..ts
St'r\ t.(i. -So far as is cii.ck,st.ci lrr. thi: er.i-
rlcttl-t. tht trrrtict scrr,.,i ,.,., .1,,,,. l:. 11,;i.
\\ as thr. f irst of sucji lottr.t.s. Tliir is nc,t
;t C:l:( (,f l'( l)(itt(d l)1.j,):. l.t,,ti(.r.. ;llt(l l.(i,, i1,-
Ctl ( \ aSiOnS. 'l-i.rr' Stiititl()r.\. I,i(,I, !lIt(.(.-l'ntni: as t() llot,cr is cittir ;irttl r;r[rl]:) :1i,_
():ls. )i,rtice is a t-o::tiitic)n J)r,( r.(.(l(,ni l.)
l)r(,s(culion. IlcKiltncr. r.. (-it_r 0f -l.us.-;r-

irrr'rsr, ..lt) ..\ia..\1>p. 2l . 2()S So.lil JSS.']'l't(r'( lr(:ing r.lo noti(:r tri 1111.,a,. :rt)|(.:.illt
irs t(1 the filn,c shot\.1,] 0|.i1111q, l(r. lr), I, tht,
Cit-r ,.'orrld lrol proc(,c(l I () J)r()sr,crrt(.

-\'l tht' conclusion of thr, t vidcnct, r;f_
ft';-rd I .r llrc ('irr., thc ;rpi,tll;,1,.5 r1r().\ (,il t()
cr.:alirda thr tr.idt:rcc :rrrri ,,a,l,,il t1,,, ,,,,,,.,1_
l:it:t.. 'l'htil ntotirlrr r,, i:r o,,.c:-rlrlt,,l l,r tlr,.
triill a('1,:-1. I i,t. tritrl c(ri::t i\.::i itr t,rrl,,, ,,,
:(i riL lng.

Jaspcr Lee COOKS, alias

srirE
I Div. 3t0,

f orIrt ,if ('l.irlirr:rI .,\1r1rr.:rls of Alrtbitmn.

I\'1).1:|.107:1.

Ilolrr,;trirrg l)r,rrir.rl lI:rrch 20, lgi3.

l)cf,:nii;trit i1.;15r 11,111.i1,i,.,,1 r,r tlte f.ir-
a'.::1 ( uilt-i. \t.,l,jl, ( ol:lr:-r, iici,cr: iio.l .

n,- itc. .J.. r)i r-1,1r1,1.1..1 irr tlrt, iirst Cctlree, arrd
ht a1,1rt nlr-,11. l'h,: ( orrri of Crirninal Ap-
peais. I Iili, (,'ircuit .lirrltt, ircji.l that u.heie
tl,lrrc u.as liothiltl iti in1lj6x1. b,v querl,of
J-rrrrsrr:1ll iltli $ it;ic.s lr-r. t.le f crrsr or other-
u:s,, th:rt u itnr.: h;,,1 gir.t.rr to anv officer
a \ rittt n stat,ji]l.u: sigrrt,d or authenticated
li_\' \\ illrcss. tirr.rt u;rs rr,r irrdication that
5t.rit- rrsctl :[],\' slirt( !rlr,ltt of r|itness in
(itlesiioniltr u itlir,ss 61 stlr.rrl a1d tht-re rras
no sltrjiYilr! that st:rtcttrt,ltt requcsted rvas
oi such naturc tir;rr u itht.,rrt it rlcfendant.s
triiti u trulri hlt r.t. lrct.n f urrtl;rmcntaliy un_
i;::1. clr::ilri ol rlt it.rrst.ntotitrn. m:rdc during
tri:rl, for protlucl ir)rr rtf anr. siiltcntent miide
l'.r' u itrr, sr 1., :irr-r' Irrrlir.r officcr dr:rirrg in-
vt'slig;iti,,tt tti lllc ciis(. \\lrs rrot altuse (rf
cl : :crr.t ior I,

.-\ fiirrrrt.ii.

L ('l lirrr':rri ,1, :),,..r \,, 1 !.. :<? )-/.. tr(r. .rulrr ,,.,
Sr..]i rijir.

,lli!
r:gj

4. Crimina

\r.,ltr.
r'(,iril)ii(,1 i

{ r']r!(, o-
irr,.ltrrlc ntr;
1'tis(.r1. c()rl
5tirtl arr<l
( i,\'t.r-\.

5. Criminat

.\ stalr
;t:l,i i;t $i1
1/; .11,i;r(Illt
j ,,.,'l (\..



COOKS v. STATE
('ile ns l7(t S('.1d 6'i'i

6. Crlmlnal Law

,\la.

@627.7(31

635

l. Crlmlnal Law €=1166.tt

Where ir * as certif iccl lrv prosccutiorr

lrefore any cvidcncc u'as hcar(! th;rt therc

\\'as,lo -statemcnt of dcfenrl;rnt givcrr to
proseclltion, denial of dt'fr'ndant's prctriirl

motion that prosectttion pro<lttct Ior
inspcction an)' statcmclrt nr:rtlt lrr deft'nd-

:rnt u'as not Prejudicial.

2. Crlmlnal Law G=627.7(l)

Defendant seeking, throrrgh nlotions

madc prior to and drrring trial, inspection

of statements made by defendant, an)'

agcnt of the State and notes nradc bl' an1'

polict officer at scene or during inlestiga-

tion, rvas not entitled to a mere fishing cx-

pedition.

3. Crimlnal Law C= I 166. I I

\\'ht'r,- tir,.rt' s;r\ llolili:l! tr, :tlrlic:Llr'

in eirirrr Jrrt-tri;r1 motioli fo:'illsi,ccti,r;i oi
:ilr-\ st;iicnlertt iltade i,\'ait-\'agclit oi tht'

:l:rtr' or !rotlorl nrade tlrrring trirLl frtr

l:lsf,e ci ion of :itl-v trotcs marlt lr\' li;l-v I)ollcc
rrfficcr at s('inc or drrring irlvt'stig;rtiotr of

thc casc, that motions tvcrt tnarlt ior ptrr-
posc of secnring material for ttsc in cross-

examination or impeachntent of Nitnesscs

ertrl shere nrrricrial callcd ior irt lrotlt in-
:i:[rccs cou]d tlot in an-r'cvettt lrt'consid-
t'l'r'd adntissiirlt evidcttcc, <1r rri:rl oi lTlotl(,:l:
tlirl not dcnl deft'rrd:ittt critrtirtlrl ,its.-rtt cr-r

ri{hrs tr, h is prt,iudic..

4. Criminal Law G=627.5(6)

\ott's or nrcmor;rrtdttnrs l,ersonalll
con:plitrl i,-v lau' cniorc(mcr1 atrtltrrl'itir.'s irr
(-()llrsc (,f tlrcir ittvestieati(rll' ('\'cll if thc-v

rrt:lrrdc notcs of convcrsatior)s u ith tlte :rc-

cllsod, L-onst itute thc rvork procluct of tlrc'

Statr' and art' privilcgt'd fronr prctrial dis-
\'r,r, ( r.\'.

5. Criminal Law C=627.0,4), 627.7(l)

-\ statcnteltt, nl(ll)orirll(llr or Iir.)tt:s ll()t
t t'ltr! ir-r ri itncss intt'rvicu t d luttl lt()t siS.llc(l

' !l itit'.hrnlicatrd l,.v s'itness ciir)lrol l,r' corl-
.;,i,:rr rl er rti,;rcr'.

'J'o sccure for inspcction production of
a "statement" of a u'itness for usc on

cross-examination of the u'itness is that
thc statcment must l-rc onc in writing prc-
p;rrcd l11' hinr or prepart'cl by another at his
instance anrl sigrtcd b;' him or otheru'isc
arrtiicnticated Ly hinr. llr U.S.C.A. S 3500.

7. Crimlnal Law C=62r.r,r,

\\'hcre there uas nothing to indicate
lr1' query of prosectrtitrg u'itness by deferlse

or others'ise that \\'itncss had given to any

of f icer a \\'ritten statemenl -signed or au-

thenticated lrv s'itness, there u'as no indi-
cation that State rrsed atu' statenlellt of
u,itness in questioning u'itncss on stand

arrd thcre was no sho$'ing that statcment
re(jLrcsted \\.as of such nature that u'ithotrt
it deft-rrdart's tri;rl u'ould havc lrcctr fund:r-
nrentrillr rrt':fair, tit rrilrl oi rlcft'ttsc nlc)tiarll,

ilta{i. !llil-,::s t.:'ll, ir)t- J)rfr(itiCtl()tt Crf :.tl.r

stiltenlelii nriclt i,_r' \\ )ii).ss tU ;rn-r policr'
ofiic<': tiuring invcstiqrrtiort oi thc casc

\\ trt lrr,l ;ti,'-t.t nf di.cretirll,.

8. Criminal Law e627.r,r,

1'he prodrrctiorr for inspection of any
statenrcllt of a u'itness for ust: otl cross-t'x-
amirration of u'itrtess lies rvithiri sorrnd dis-

crt'l i,.rtt of c,rttrt.

9. Criminal Law C>627.8(5)

\\'hcn it is doulitful s'htthcr there crx-

ists a "statenrt'nt," s hich Itas l,ictt: made l11'

pro-secution s'itnt'ss and rvhich shotrld lte

pr0r'idtci tr.r dcict.tsc i0r ll:L- oll cross-( \it111-

ination, tri:rl jrrdgt' should cotrfer u ith
counst'l thc dcfcnclurtt l)cill.g prtsellt, al)ltrt
fri,nr jur.r to rt';tch a tlcterntittatiolr as to
cxislenct rf :rrr-r sil"h allege<l statenttltt,
iurcl lroccctling sht,ttltl lrc taken lr-v of ficial
colrrt r('portcr to lrc matlt'as part of the

recortl.

10. criminal Law C=ll70r r(t)
V[ilnss5g5 C=!$$

.\ corr:-t's rcfrrslil tr) pcrmit dcittrsc
c()ult\cl lo scc lut(l cx;lttritlc a tnelttorattdttnt
trst'd l,r' prosccrrliorr s i'.nt'ss on stitlld to re-

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636 276 SOUTEER,N REPOR,TER, 2d SERIES

frcsh his menrorv colrstittltcs rcversilrlc r'r-
ror, lrut that rult is srrlrjcct to rcasoll.

Law F627.6(4)

\\iherc statr's \\'itlrcss, a police officcr,
had used file on rvitness stand onl)' Io r('-
frcsh his recollection as to street address

u'hcre crime allegedll' occurred, thrrt por-
tiorr of f ilc u'as rtrled to lre operr to irrspcc-

tion, file was thercupon removed atttl uas
not again uscd 1r-r' rvitness on rl'itness stand

and u'itness' testinron-r' concernt'd onlv
facts srrrrounrii:rg defendant's arrcsl atrd

corrtaincd r)othi:rs:rs to identification of
<icfclrdant, rcfusal to permit clefcnsc cotrl-
scl to c-raminc thc rcst of thc file, u'hich

corrsirtt.r! ,rf sorlr,' lrl to 2(| p;ites cottt;ritr-
ir){ lr1] itii,:n\(' r-('ir()r i \\'irs lrol error. ( .,,i(
of .\lii., 'l'it. l:, \ r'':'

truiler as the appcllant, Jasper Cooks, who

livcd ;rcrr,ss thc -strect artrl s honr she had

knos n sirrcc hc u'as ;r lr;rb-r'. Thc intruder
u,lrs holr'ling :r fla-qhlight. 1'hc person told
her s,:r'rral tirrrt's th:rt ht'u'as the law,

Thi:rc *;rs no cvidcrrcc of rccognition of
him l,_r' r'oice. IIe therr u'ent into a bed-

roonr arrrl \Irs. Cox rall out the front door
arrtl screanred for help. Entrl' had been

gaintrl l)-v tearing a\\':r) a screen nailed to
a lrathrr>onr windos'. Thc lrurglary oc-

currr.tl rlrrrirrg thc night, a dark night. The
n'itnr,s'-. tcstif ied therc r.r'erc no lights burn-

ing in hcr honrc, that thc kitchen light just
"(:anl(. ()n :urd off and that's uhen I asked

rvho it rr':r s," that thc housc u'as in the

mitl<llt' oi tht l'lock and thcrr' $'as a strcet

lighr rt citch crrrl r,l th, l,locll. .\nother
lit::l s'ir,,l'rr' f roir: li t:r'il-iilro:''s vard at thc

lracl.. r,: )r,rr' horrr,. iilt,:r, this lignt frorn

tht,,'.ri:rtlr. sltt cr,ittlil atrti <1id recognize

anrl itlcnr; f -r' thc r'ltitndarrt as tht' intrtrdcr
f ronr lr tiistancc oi ts t'lvc f cct awal'.

'l-hc r.lt ftndant \\ as arrcstcd b1' of{icers
latr-r during thc night lt his place of airodc

acrc'ss lirr' .'qtrcct. IJc \ as later, rvhile in
cusl()rl\, idcntified as the gLriltl' part,r' by

-\ir':. ( ,',r in ;r lincup lrrot't rirrrt'. Defensc

tlitit'lct' \\:rs colri:nt(l to tlxit t-rf riefertd-

:ii'i:: nrr)1lr('r' t,r tht cff,'ct th11 dcfcndant
lir tri irr :i roo:lr ;rrijlLcct:t tt, Itt'r honc. thlt
he clr;nl honre alror:l I:()i) o'clock, a. m.,

:rrrtl did n()t lcavc tlte 1;lrrcc after that on

tht' night in r;trcstion.

It is first corrtctrclcd tlt;tt ct'rt;rirr criminal

disii,r'r'r'-r' rig'hts u'cru delrrtd the defendant

tir ht. l,rcitrtlicc.

()rr rrirrl d:ttc thc clefcnsc filed in \1'riting

:r lrrctrial nrotion that tht- lrrosccution pro'

tluct for iuspectiott aIr-\' stlltcltlcllt nladt by

tht' rlcft'rrtl:rlt xnd an-\' agcnt of the Statc

of . tleiralttit. 1'horrgh the rccortl indicates

thi: nr,,i rorr \\';rs ()\'errulcd, the transcnpt
rli:clrrsr'r th:rt I,,'{ot'c- anv et'idcncc s'as

hcard :rrrd inrnrcdi;itcl.r' follou'ing an op(n'

ing sli:.'rit, ttt of iustructiotrs l')' the Corrrt

to thc irrn' thc Iollos'ing tr:trlspjred:

' -tl I i . r'r-tL'l{l' : I hrt\t'rt't sccn the rilo'

tio:: \\'h:rt is it al,,rrrt l

I)alid I Iilir:r.. tt. llolrilt

. ,\IR. IJ,,\R:

arll)' statcrnt
har'<' given.

' .\lR. ('.\11

nl ('nt.

..1'IIE COI
jttr-r' itl."

ll-41 Thrr

11:r\ n() staten
st clr tltat 1 P,

..,r:{lti for i:t:
1.. alt_\':lt{enl

l:.tcr du
: oI tirc

I J, \ Stitl(
:r,'! I { ;r{l l).! l
' -,- i,r ti Lrl

{..:,ll(rl l,c COL

\ r-,

\\'rllr:trn -1. lja:rlc,i', .\tt1'.
C. I)ickert, A-.qr. ..\tt_\.. Gen

] I ll.l . Cir,'rrit .l trtJgc.

. ior lplrt'lilrrt.

(it'n., unrl l)oti
. for tht'Statc.

-l'hc apJrelllitti. ( r,,lr". \\ ii' ciiii\ lcl('(l (,;

jlttrgllr,r'. lst I),.grr't' iitttl 1rt:rstt;tttl to .it::-r'
vcrdict rr:rs tlttl-r' :('ltrr)c! (1 l(l t( lt -\ cltt': itlt-
prisonrnent.

'lhc Statc's cYi,.lt ttc. :rs I0 thr' coltttili:
sion crf the .riir'lrs(' ald thr idcrrtific:rti,,rr
of the dcft'ndatrt ;is tltr' gui)t-r' p;.rt-r' \ lrs

Stverr lrl a \lr:. li,rlrcrtlta ('ox u iio livr',i
alortt'. ..\t :Lirirrorimattl_r foirr-thirt-r
o'clock, a. rn.. ()!'r .lrrne 2S, l(),-1. shr rr:t:
ailakctted 1,1':r rr,rist'ancl a flicl oI thc
Iight in the livrrrg roonr of Ircr hr,rnc irt
flohile. l;ronr hcr l,c,! shc crrtrlti st't' sotttt'

olre irr lrcr livirr; r'o,rr::. 'ihe irrtrrrtltr' \\l:it
into iht- kitcht-lr:r:rri turrtcil rrrr:r ligiri.
Upon ht'aring l "st:rriug in th, rir:ru, r"
sht, l:rikcd thtor:{ir lhe liviilg roolrl rnr! [(,
s'at'ti tlrc kitclrtn li:kirrg "u-htr is in lrt'rr':"
'l-lrc irrtrr.rdcr (lt\r'ir('(l thr: l,ack tl,ror':lrtl
sqtlxttC(l <iouir :rt'lrr thc sarc(rt rlr)(]r'. Sl:c

test if ii'ri sh(' s;r\\ :t:r,l rt',.'o.griize tl tl:t' ril-



4'{:.,

F-1,. ..

r, ..

:
fi
t"

..}1R. IJ.{RNETT:
any statement that

have given.

"\{R. C,\llPBEI.l,: \\Ie have

Dr ('nt.

"TI{E. COURT: All right'
jun' in."

no state-

Bring the

t1-41 Thus it was certified that there

*o, ,o statement of the dcfendant' It is

secn that a portion of the pretrial motion

5,rtrght for inspection "any statcment madc

lr-r' an-v agent of the State of Alabama'"

.ilso. later during thc trial and at the con-

ciusitrn of the direct tcstimony of the pros-

(.cuting r,r'itness, I[rs. Cox, the defense

s,rr:ghi for inspectiolr "anv notes madt' l'r'

;111.r lioliCc ofiiccr at'.lrc sccttc or dtirirlg

llrr' il:restt(ittiorl of tlri: casr rclntcd to thc

rlt,f cl:rlan', ()r atl\' of tlr' dtlctldatlt's activr-

lrcs.' 'I'hcre s'hs Il() ( rror itr thc ctiurt's

tit:nilil crf either reqttt':'t f'hc clefensc rvlrs

:r,l .ntit'ltrl to a mcr( fishing cxpeditiorr'

:a'ri1'.s r'. State, 2iS Ala. l5'1. 179 So'2d

ii : Snith r'. State, 2li2 Ala. ?6s, 2i0 So'ld

s2rr. Thr nraterial calicd {or in both in-

fliritce: cotr'ltl not in anv event be corrsld-

t:-t il air:ri'silrle evidcrrct' (Scc [)avidsorr

\'. ::i1i,.:. 1S .\la.:\1r1'. 1i6, 2(t: So'2d SSS'

ri ltr':ti:-. r.hr court s i,: tlcalittll onl-r' s itil lr

I,: ('rriiLl tt:,rlion foi- tllsctrvcr) )' The re rr';rs

lrr,ti':i::g tt.r irtdicatc ilr cither dcnrand that it
u us rriade for the ptlrl)(,sc of sccuring nla-

rcri;tl {or trse in cross cxanrination or irn-

1rr;rch:'ltr':ll of lVltrre*scs. \titt's or nlcnr')-

Iirrl(llllls l,ersotralll conipiltd l1r. l:lrv ett-

f,rrc(:,-rcr)t authoritics in the coursc of ihcir
li)\(>:l!l.r'rr,,il, (\'('n jf 1lt.,r lrr':lrrrlc Ilotc: of
.()lrversatiolls s'ith thc acctt:ud, constitlltc
tltt' u'ork product of thc statc and arc prir'-
ilr:gei fr.xn pretrial discover-r'. State r"

Supt rior Llourt, l0(r N.II. 22S' 20S ''\'2cl
l.l3:, ; -'\.i-.R.3ti 1, and Annotation thr'rcttr'

t5] -\ stittcment, nicnlor:rndir, or trotcs,
rr()i rulrd lrv the u itncss intcrvieu'ed artd
rlol .t-'lt'd rlr authcnlicatcd lr.r'tlte lVitttess
(.irrirj,ri l,c c()tisidcred cvidcnrt. llalrrr. r..

>ri,:(, +,, .\lrt.:\irir. l2(), 11o 5e.Jd l.irr. ln

COOKS v. STATE
Citc ax 376 So.2d &?l

We're just asking for this case, Jlarrvoocl, ,1., rvriting for the

the I)efendant ma)' cotlrt quoted rvith approval :

"I'erhaps thc ansu'er is bcst sumnla-

rized in a statemcnt by Cardozo, C. J., in

People ex rel. Lcmotl v. Suprentc Corrrt

of State of New York, 24.i N.\'. 24, 156

N.E. 8'+, 85, 52 A.L.R. 200, r'r'hcrein he

observed:

" 'Documettts are not the subject to
inspection for the mcrc reason that they

u'i'll lrt: uscful in supplying a cleu' u'here-

I-r1' evidence can be gathered. Docu-

ffi€rrtS to bc strbject to inspection must be

evidence thcntselves."'

Judge (norv Justice) I:larwood then stat-

ed:

"Cit'ar1-r', ihc ncre memoranda sollght

irr th:s c:r-((', n1,rde I,r inlestigators dur-

in.t tht cr.rur:c tlf all itttervicr',', not read

l,)' th. u'itttcss intervit'rved. and not

sig:red or acioptcd bl therr in an,r.u'a1'

calrnot 1-,e cortsidered evidence."

Ilr-.,s.t'r'er, a more scrious qucstioll is

pre:(nted in that \Ir. Ilarnett, defcnse at-

tornc-\'. at thr' conclusion of the direct testi-

mon-r'of the prosecutittg lvitness (home-

o\\'ne: ) orall\. ntor-ed thc corrrt "for thc

proti'.:':itc,it (rf all-r :.txttmcllt nratlc irl thc

*'itnc:. iiJ al1] pi,iicc officer durirrg thc in-

le stiglr:iott t,f tht ca..." TLt dcicnsc at-

torn.-.\ qtatr(l to thc ( ottrt: ".\il l'nl ask-

ing ior is an.r st,itcmellt that this ladl'

nratic to an-v lrolice oif icer or all-\' ltotes hc

nradr r! gard irrg her st3te!llellt irr the invt's-

tie:rii,r:: c,i rhis c;tst. If this is dcrried, thc

dcfrrti:i:rt is <lcrrictl his cffeclivt'right of

crr):- ('\illttilti:rr: tl.,i. li-itttcss:rntl hc is de-

nitcl h:- righr ti, ltartl atl-t infornlatiorl that

is cr,ntradictor.r'tt.r \',li:ti the \\'itncss states

herc on the u itltlss staltti."

Th.' (.olrrt overrulcd thc oral motion

sayir,g: "l s'ill rePeai th(' rulrrrg I nradc

on -\!)ili- u'rittt'n nlotiotr. I rvil! onlv grant

) orlr m!)ti()l) to the e\tellt of rcquiring thc

Stilic to f urnish 1ou rrith att-r' cl'idetrcc

that lhe Stlrtc hns klr.lrvlcdgc oi that uould
tenri t.'l ('\orIer:ttc thc deiclldarrt." No sucl-r

statcine;)t s:ts lrroditcetl. Thtrc is nothing

Ala. 637

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638 ,111. 226 SOUTEERN REPORTEB, Zd SERIES
rn the record

;:;1;l}*T:l":Ff',l,l::.,*: :'"" examination or. the witness is that the

there an-r. ,ro,jli,tt 
o'. tt'" ;;;;;";"t:- statemcnt -"'^^u-t t'"'" *'lt'" o'"0"..0

anl s,rch ',.,.,.#o,, ", 
ln. :;il.,l".. "T Ili,JJi i[ji,:1, H,":?;ti.:;,lxx

In this coirnecrion i+ i- -r 
thenticated o',1:'.1 ," *."rrr,Ji."r.

note the 0.,,,i,'l',i""i, .:;,":;,J;1.:: ,: ;[H;:JTl,nT ," indicate b; cu.,y or
statute, r8 Lr.s.c.A. s ,l*,'"".1,11 ,"1,,n1 :ij:.[:-;:tH ;:: *H:: :;r";i;:i:*
,.l'tT[:::i. ;; 1i"o,u..,-irr, ],'l'ni.'f I:'::" statement signed o. 

",,in.,,*",.0

{* r L*iirx r; 1 iiiil' r,Tr, # * _itiq {ii:l fit#. ;:,j.7
b1. htry1.,, .... 

'lilt- atlopted or appro'ed :e^::tness 
to gfficers before ,r;"1'Jir-r.r.o

case, s,,pra,{:tJ.,,i_.:}: :?i?; ili-i,T:T::,:T-Jj:,il;:I T;,#*
*il,t-i[1"'.,""'u"rruentl-v t l'.;t'ir" '\rississippi]"t-nr,rr. 731, to6so.za r+,
u.hich nrust 1,.. 

t,,t. restricted docunrerrts cited u.ith appror.;rl ;n th._ tttoirl;;::, .r-
statenrenlc 

",r,.n 

prodtlccd onll' to "thosc' pra' Neith.r rva,s thcre ,r-,. .,r.i 
-ri*.,n,

thc r'itrt.s., n,,., 
tu""' proPt rl.r' l-,r callcd of inconsistelrc-r.

,.,,,'.*, s r,,,' i ; ;ii 
ii#;'., .l'ffil';i il x i:ll;llr:r;XlT:,:,; ;::,11,:fcr. 1J,-..r r_.r:d.ltr r2,\u_. ,n;..,.,r,. r,,. ::: il:^:r.-rcstimon-v 

gi,,cu b.l i., or,r.
,tll"tt']r^foll',uirrg rhc decisio, in.lencl,,s 

tri:rl beforr: the jur-v. Thcrc is 
"".no*,r*unitcrj S!;,tts. :ir t,s. jrr,"rr,,i.a,].i;,,: that the srarcnrent

, r- r..u.zJ'ilo,,',,n,.n herd that ,, ,*.u. ,,i such nature ,nr, _llnT,iiri.;illli:,I1lii
l:11';.;':'T:;:,:,o'. tt'. a.t.,,a"nt Jo triar would be rundameno,,r'u*-#*rr.

t*'een the or"",ou,:"-.or 
;"o";'iti;;"':: pro<jtrctio, for inspection or 

"nr' ,u.t,
ness and ,..,i. t..tinl 

stat(:ment of thil u.it- statemcnt as aLo'c defined,,.,,,liri,r"ii.
dition prececl,,r,, ,o'o') 

oll tri;rl as a corr- s.und discretio, of. the .o,,rt und ;;';;:

,*il1',',..r*i ltiil;ri $i;i:J r** .#:rr*:]t,{,,:#I lslons i,r.lt \\.as one
of thc "stalrciard.s fo 

reached trPun the basis '\tatcntent of J)rosccution,s \l,itrress for

i*: ii 1n ;r jt' jlT:d *r k lt til :., ; T,'t : 
"t,#1 ri ;,T:oecrs'o, for tht deferrst, t, ,n"1.11.i, "1,'.]) ..1., 

t'1'l* tht .\l;rl,r-r casr., supra, and the

il,i,;.I,,.,^ 11'",l,;il.1}"'i,j::,i,:li:u.:;,i-,: 
arrthoritics thercin not.cr

fj;:* ,::i:,;;T fi';:;;lJ.:':ll:f 
^ fr \\ e hea*ir1 rcc,,n,mend ,he in

na, discoi.c,r, ,r,- inr,,i,li..strbject.to 
srrbpoe- canrera proccdurc ,., or, in palermo v.

ness hatl tesrific. o;lttl]t" 
until thc r'it- L'nited States, 360 L'.s .i-li, ar r. ililru

I...,n: ;..;;;;,; ;:,"'L:!: i]ir-,'ll,;l: ;],il;.i, ; i.Hj ;i.l:-t;.:; :r{Jj:J.)cfenrJ;rttt to l)iscovcr.r'i, Crinri,lal- rlr"."_ r,r't'' as o"rir"o' ,,r',u,,, opir:ion, then thecutions" b1'L. Dre*'Rcddcn,,., zi"ii" -i,- triar ruase sn",,* .",1r". u.ith counser, thcaLama t-a*.,.er r 15. ;- r lrc "\r- 
,1i1"i0",* ;.;;;"0;.1.,rr, apart fronr rh.
Jlrr)' to reach a detcrmirratioir as to the e.x.

..Jff' ,J"t,,,1J.'l,,reqttisitc. neccssar-\. ro 
rstent't' .f art'r' such allegcd statement. Thc

,.starcmc,,r,, 

"; ;:;;;;._T:xTr,"t,.i :;;.':;ln::,ljor:.,:::,1,,r'lj*1,:r

Defense co
that soon aft,
of the state,s
had in his pos
a police offic
pages containi
up as a direct
he orally movr
lowed to see an
Iowed jrrst aftr
from the office:
experience and
including the ari,
burglarizc.d. TI
the t.itness had :

ness stand onl.\.
as ro this strrcr
portion opcll lo
defcnsc the righr
rn thc f ilc. Tht
triovcd :rnd u.as n,
,tess orr the witrr
tcstimon-r. conccrnr
defenclant,s arrcst
as regards identifi
as the guiltl. part1,

[10, il] \\rtrite
refrrsal to perrrrii
ald cxanrir;c a rle;
\\ rtnrss on the startt.
c.on-st i i rrtt s rcvcrsiirl,
statc, -ll z\la..A,pp.
Ilertr.\'\., StatC. {6
.lln-) ),ct the rrrlc isttlr wholc ,lf the rt,.thsrr rials no (rr()r
.Lorlrt. Ser Statc r..tonr.l,l., I.l9 N.E.3r1 ,

lrr.ld thcrr, \\.as no errmtt defcrrsc corrnsel ,,
ncl<.1 l_,1. u pror.artio,,
rcstr fi ing at the t;_ieltirat rhe uitlress had r

' .*' 't'"'.,11, ,1., in
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l':tl7 n,t,. 7S, IC(l So.3rl ll.1(), rli51.11ipror ilg

COOKS v. STATE
('itr {rs:!7(l Srr.!d {-itl

Ah.

I)cfense counsel next asserts crror in to usc thc notcs to r(fl'csh h:: rccollectiort,

thitt soofl after direct examinatiorl l)egarr lrrrt that tltc u'ittrt'ss, :ilrlraretrtlv Lelit'ving

rrf thc state's .t'itncss, Officer \\'hitc, u,ho that hc \\'as llot givctt an.r' lerrnission to

harl ilr his possession on the q'itncss stand usc thent, had not ustd the not('s (ltrrirlg his

;r l,olice officcr's file of somc l0 to 20 tcstimonl'. Tlrc Corrrt noterl that op1,o.ing

p;rges coptaining an offerrse report madc counsel has thc right tcr insJrtct attd u-.c,

,,1, ,,, ^ 
dircct resrrlt of taking fietd notes' frrr cross-rrarnination purposcs, pallcrs or

hc oralll, movcd the court that hc lre al- nrrnrr-.rrattda uscd b-v :r u'itnls. ott thc stattd

I,*ctl to see arld inspect the file. 'I'his fol- to ;e{resh his mentor,t' lrut tlilrt shcre it

l,rr.t.4 jpst after testimony \\,as received dot's ttot iIJ)i)car that tlrc witllcss is actualll'

Irrm the officer as to his official position, usilrg a statement for tht' purpose of re-

t.x,t,rience and othcr preliminary nrattcrs {reshing his nrentory':tnd such statenlent

rrrcluding thc address of the home allcgedll' docs not tcnd to re{rcslt his menrorl', op-

l,rrrglarized. The Court determirred that posing counscl is nr.rt etrtitled to irrspect

rht.rvitncss had used the rcport on the rvit- and use thc statenrctrt. .\lso. stc i)t'ople v.

rl,.\\ st;rnd onl-r' to refresh his rccolltction (l;rllardo (loi.li ll (':il.ld 5i, Zii 1'.2d 29:

a. r,-r this strcet addre ss, anrl rultd this T)cople r'. \\'iiljaras, t 1(-).-i-{) 12.1 Cial.App.2d

prrrrirlr opcn to inspcctiorr lrut dcrried the 226, 266 I'].2tl 5q9. 'l'hc .1,i.:.1/rrr./rc1' ancl

rle f ln-.c the right to in:;i;ect any'thing elst H cnrl' cases al,ove cittrl, ar'.ci tht' cltse of

,r, rlrc f ilc. The file \\,irs thetrul,(,i.r re- Ilcnt-f icld r'. l:tatt, .f i .'\llr..'\lri;. 3r 12. ltlit
.;,,,,. 111 irtril u:r., n()t irg;ritt tts..d ir', tlrr- tvii- Sr,.l,-l .i.il, ''(r:(d I'i,!rll l'." tlit tl, f('llSc al(

r.1... (,lt tht tr.itlcs-s stln<]. J'lt, r,:::rtss' ili.iintnrsltrl,le L,rl ilrt'it i:i.-t. ilont tLe

l, \il:Ir)ll-\ r,'(rIlC(rlle d otrlf iacts si:ri,ri:lrrlilli{ I)iusallt ca:(.1

,i, i(r)(liuit': itrrcst, alid cottiaiti,.ri tr.,l.1lil:i:

ir\ tul{ar(is irlr:ttifiCatir,rlL c,f thc rlii,,,itillutt '] ht'rc \(-r(r i,. ilnli'cr oi txi:t1)'tiotrs br'

.,. tlrr grriitr. partr.. rl. fc:l.t c()'.llist'l to 1ll| s1lt1c's iil'gtlll)(llt t()
tht .jrir-r. l'-remiriutiL,tr <1:silLr:t:. that irl

Il0, ll] \\'hile it is true thal ;t cortrt's cach illstallcr tite argttttttttt rtas rvlthilr the

rclrrsal to permit defense counsel tu sec l,oitrrd-s of legitimalc:irEllnl(1t! iilttl lltr er-

;,rrrl r::amine a memorandunr uscd lr1' thc ror herc apl)cxrs.

uiirrcss on the stand to refresh his ntcrrrorl'
,..,;r:iiruic: rt,r.c:-si5le error, (\lc)l1r:-trc\ \'. \\"t' ltlrvc :t:rl-r-ht<i tir( l'('c'tr'(i tt:tcltrr t-orlt'

..r;rrr.. 1-1 Ala..\pp. 65g, 2lg So.?tj ill; 1'r.+: 'i" 15' i '''-r' :ti' I firr': r' r rLrtrsillt'

iitrr'.r' v. Statc, -+t) Ala.App. 17.:,2.1() s('.3d crt'('r-' 'l')rr' jtrrlgirr''rr: i' :riiirrrr"l'
llr: 1 r'ct the rulc is srr'l,jcct to rttrsol iind
ri., rrltr,lc of tlte rccord corrviltccs lrs thili
thr Ir' \'as no u:-ror in this ruliilg' 0f thc
i r rrrr t. scr Siatt' r'. -\l<lorr. 1 I'r..(r ), Ohio
',,'r:.1'1., 1.3') X.g.-:6.jSl, rvhcrcirr llrt court
lrri'l tlrt rc \\'as no errol. in rcfusing t(, pcr-
:r'ri ,lqf. il\( r.oultscl to itrslrt,ct cufli{ir1 lr,Jtcs
lrr'lrl lr.i':t ppssgg111i6n u'itncss rr'hilc hc rvas
te .tr f,r'rrrg at tllc triaI, u'hcrr it aliprared
tii:,1 tllc *itlress had intendcd at Ihr. start

639

'I hc itrrt'rroing opiil()l \\'ir: lrcparcd l).\'

Iit'r:. i{oi,ert -\1. IIill, ('ircrrit,l udgc, tr'n'}l)()-

rlrril_r'<,rr clrrtv on 1hc ('ourt prlrsuiurt tc)

sulrse ctirir (-.1 ) (,f \ .lS, 'l'. l.i. t'crrlc l!tJ(). rs
ilnlcrrrit'd: iji( ( illi:-1 1t;l: :rtl.,1,tcti his opin-
irlt as iis rrri'r'r.

.-\ifir:rr,,l.

.\li thc.l utlgcs acrrrciri-.

('r.r'Iinlr lilnXriit{r ir, iii,, ('(,uIt of .\1r]lr'irl's
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