Copy of the Congressional Record for the Senate (S. 7095)

    itg"liff"',1"1'i,fn1?lil roere has
'r-lot of floor tlme expended ou
i.er*u, much of Urst tlTe. bas
tnt aeuating the motlon to'Pro'
inO tn general statpmenta ol

F"lij;,arskffim

,^ qdminl,ster the eat whenever

:tt#"*e!^S.frffitir"!

qn a most vigomus and, out

lffi,iir of the prrirdple_Iea-

asslstant Attorneys Gener'

rrcNNEDY. Ttre Senstor ls

Ji-'"t. tt-'-" 
-t*o l"gT*.1i"I*

iortt .g"r 8n9 DreI_ Da-I1^!Io
h;1 ":tryl"Ir. rP"l-"!P*have lar more erperl.

fr"ffi "-'ryl*ih:,?*11:*i"ir. t am aware ol thelr vtews
lietr presentetlo-ns belore the

Committee-and D8 souteone
worked wltbthcm'olel q Y.ery

perlod of !4e. It ls ln!e-r-'

6;t *g of trneP,ls e RePubll'

'fri"Tlffi.fr&ii*1' "ry'rffi ir"c"!'1o1 {,-t}t1,9a.u1"I wish to 8pea,k more gen'

meanin8 ol tbe blll end

for and asalnst thl,g lmPor'

they Bre not ao eu-
a explanatlon of the bllL
,of course, opposed tbe Dole

substttute, whlch ls' now
btll before us. tDd stnce

fi, 1989

Y. the Etatements of e blll'a
ue not glven mucb welght,

{25 U'S. 185. Z(HD. 2{
rt

lh" noor manre€r,s 8t8te

ol the tmportant nsPects of the
I nrnager of the blll on thls slde

rhle.
rtcly, I will not have to be ex-
because the Senate JudlclarY

report, presented bY 6ena-
r^s, was an excellent exposl-

C the lntended meanlng ond oP
ol the bill.

llet regard, I should note that I any Llnd ol dbcrlmlnrtory pufpo6e.

,t! the efforts of the dtstln-
Scnator from Utstr ln connec)

itlt the motion to proceed. Of
lrlr stat€ments durtng ttre past
dryg have been en excellent

icrsure. I am therelore golng to
rveral moments to sunmarlze

hi ol his views ln opposltton to:Brnade with h6-usud fhe

!t.u cou ru"iffigilii'ttret .rn
r to defeat a blll,, ttreae oppo,

ItrFB*,"l'TJiT
sult8" tat ln
rct'out

! *l,".,Efrl dGfii'rr_Gtd- Moblle
'dhfg".?lm,''r*
lotc thai wrr]6 tii'ilenstor

IT lne manreen-oi'ttre
the senlor Scuett-rlethe noorEi@.-ljia

$ lmmrtant erirmple'ot
uutwueu fuiEf,iicii

["rvd..Jj '

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE

plalned it pases'}I thmwh 30 end r a-if-o^ri^.-t tn i

ol the btU, on the onc hond, end thc
Senator lrom Utotr. on the othgr; thc
Eienator from Uteh hsr tdad rcpcrt€d-
ly to tnvtte tho Euprcrac Court to ln'
tirpret tho comdatee emendmentrar
an lntent t€st" or souc vulitlon of to

thst cose. fhe Senator tisl mdntdned'-iTffi[-toi 2.'tinllke 1he ballout-prooe'
thst 'properly uqdeistoo4ttJre Whltc-'ftft aOoeabv thtd bu]Tlu teke elfect
BSBtnst- Regeatcf 'casci.har' 366sf iG: fnniAteteiy.-and wlll, ol counti, apply
qutrement of purpoae whlcti plalntlffr, b'dendlns- casea tn accordans wlth
must eetrbllsh ln:order to challengt-"thA-,(1-;cttartrbllshed oilncloleg ofmust estsbltsb lo:order- to chatrenSc.-tir-e-,,,:ieUectst[shed prlnctpleg of
successfully : a .'lDarttcqlar' 'electlon ,Am.ttat t; eBa ol Rlclttnotr.d- {10 US.
methodbrbractlCe.'{'nn}"{ri.'' 'v'' 'OAO ttdZli:'.ia fuUted Stttcs 1. Ato'

I would llke tor mrtO the'record v?P . Oomo. S02 U"8.002 (f080). '.

clear on thls Doln!.'!Fe'report.Of the: :'''^il8o,'as exDl'lned'lrC thb report, lt
malorlty vlews ot'thb cotmlttee.cq sh-oTla Ue cf|ar tiii* EctiontZ appites
plaln whJ we.belleve ttle ryryt€, tf,_t t";tpdtrbrt c8s"stoeptsodlcoibne-

ffi,ffi fs;3';'i[ff&'-rTifr ffi ffi lmlce+ 1t :'nDrv 
to structur'r

s 7095

iages 6? anh og of the report. I need
not repegt thst anslysls here. But the
comntttee rent on ]to note. aud I
guote:

fhe commttt€c hls cdndudcd thrt WNtc'
and the deelsloil lollowlru lt nade no tlnd'
tns rnd requlred no proof al to thc raotlYr.
tlon or putlrocc behlnd ttrG pra.tloc or ttruo
ture ln questloD. Rcg[dlcll ol dtllcrlns lF
terprctrtloE ol WDlto rnd WhltcoBb. ho?'
ever, rnd desptte thc'plunltt, oplaloB tn
Moblle ttut lVbltc lnvolver .n " ulttnstc-
rcqulrement ol provlug dhcrlnlnatory pur'
poso, tne rpcclllc tntcn0 ol thli amendnent
ls thit tlre plahttlfr mey chooae to estEb
llsh dlrcrlntnrtory resultl' rlthout provlDs

llEFnedaenL al ttre rePort mater
obsolutely clear. the remedy for any
vottng rlght vlotatlon must be com'
uensuratc wltJr tbe rlgbt that has
b€en..vlotattd. Fbr thls reasorL the
commtttee dlrects the courts ln cor'
rectlns eectlon'2 vloladons to'exerclss
thelr tredttlonal equltable powers to
lmplement rellel that completely rem-
edlea ttre prlor vlolatlons or dllutlon of
mtnorlty votlnSl strengtJr. Based upon
Gstabltlhed and accepted concepts of
cqulty and extsttDg case lew. ttre
oourts bave e duty ln aectlon 3 cas€s to

ffi fr r-Ily'pliiTi'dF:tft ;fiEra,T!ol91.T!:v^Pqlqy-*39,:ryt:k

ill" !'lghU, ltil,B wholty uineccsssry to do
tJrctd- oorg fn.lddrcsdng. tJre lenedy lssue
o E ltra:to edvert to tlrc'eDovc'gpnenl

le unnem,ryvend beyond.
lcope ol t'he propoied e,mondment

iiJiJitii'sfifr;l':;i':;; ---;--U eltntnete the prlor dllutlon ol the
to i mlnorltY sotlnS strengttL

,sectlo; i ThlcbElDsthq*!€s tho.'tt {-,otvcn tJT-.c-+u+-s bo<lv .of. .cases

EOnOg llotCstton 2 to prescrtbo any EgcbanlF
pni-,.ll{pt prcdetermtnerl,nrlea toi foruu. :

That ls at page 28, l[r. PiesldenL



s ?096

,''
'I
t'

?|

,1

1-t'
t.'i

t:l

i,
'l'1

,$

rl

.p6[-pr"1d ffi fi ffi ilil,iiril*t iir-i,E r5oroJiliiiLfr,i, f ff iifii

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
latlns Emcdlee,ln cas wblch necc8. Eenator lrom Alaska we sdopted last

Junz 78,

peuctcy tn tJre proof. lt tc the
Iton lhst locee-durt ar a pt
prco( tn r sodlon 2 cll6 Pould
detoat for tbe votcrr brlngtng
tlon 2 cballenge.

#lffiSffi"H'#H"il:i: Ht!*,ur, rr ttre ittprnuy o",,eirr
lng.otrcuicdldtnurtbclsfttothetrs- pnopqres to agree to a oonsent Judli.
dlttonel".equltril*gowera ol the local ment. ol course, lt l,s at[I ttre duty ol
Federal oourtffing:Jurlsdlotlon over ttre Judge to revlew the proposod con'

.to detcnnlne sent ,udement to make sure that tDc

'. AE,to the ballouh ol eourse, the Iu-,UI(JIL : :.- . a .i -"ro(W llls.sQuvsvi vl gvuost v.as rrs-
Mr. Presldeot.tfierc.has been exten- r'kdlctlon seeklng to ballout beBrs the

6n'the'Iadi,.,ol.rlrcln*a.re a.remedy oourt-ltself ls Eatlslled ttratibe Judg-
that.,'Orovldeo :l falr lopDortrlnlty lor ment sdequs,tely-proteots the ''rrotlng
mtnorlilctre partldpatc lnttrc poUU-'rlgbts of .thc mlnorlty rvoier!,
cal pmceas,-tnd lully remedles.tbe vlo- the qppUcsnt JurLsdlctlon.. i:

slv6 dlscirrslon of.tJre ba,tlout end I wlll Durden of eatabllrhlng lts case ol com- tni6I--6io=i4 ffitrffi
not try to repeat all that ls 88td !r ttre pUanee wtth th€ spprcprlate requlre' iuiEft.fiffihnffi,6im
ffJ,ih":HJIS*:ff *ST,l"Ff ff;ffiffi,fr?,:,,x?Xt?1fl :3#Ia-*tljffi
IiJ,ttt"ffit[s:,#,xl]'fffi""s &I]: "tsttffi 

"$ffir'tri:p.:#! T! ffi
fr#,il,iliffdE;i. iLltiTffi; lXiTrr"r. Iet.:l:p_,:rfrfim 

ffiput lnto the taw the rgqulrement of tlonvtth tfte requlrement tl
publlcatlon of the commencement or rlsdlctlon seeklrg ballout -z
proposed settlbment of ttte ballout dlctions located \rttbln tt-t

l;it#ffiffi;:rfffi ffiHIitrliffiHll*ffi ffiil$ffi;ffiil#['ffhJ,'tf' #L"f,,;,ililt-'triii ;ffiffiffiilI5".iiildil'i fl?tiiffi --YI.-A{*I!:^I .lP {tl
l1::l' .Pi":;x,'ffll3i1?"*x,'*: H*:::1::'#,1"::1',::tl:":"IH,.Yi: "ilL"ffoffiiffi' ;* "t

:f*f; itl H#Lf 6?'Tf il:U"f f,:tr#:aY'' ffi'"i*'Hi'JilT; *.I#ffi Hg*Ii:

block the eonsent Judgment because eltmtnated. It ls not necessary for the .I-trI.- MArrllsi,. rqr.
one party-ttrJtnteivenor-would not voter oppostns batlout flrs["t6-iuii,vleldbaclqi-Lh-9-;.-
be consentlnc- Thls fn fe.et took olece thnf. the- plmtlan mpf.hoa tn attui.tva ' IIre EBESIDINO tbe consentlnel. Thls h fact took place thst ttre electlon method ls d[uttve. 

' Tbe ERESIDINO
tn Ctty of Rtchnfond egalnst UDIt€d because thls would lnproperly shlfl tlmehasbeenytelded
Ststes. Interventlon, of course, ls hot the burden of proof ln thls part of the Mr. BAER.'l&.
limlted to eltuatlons where the voter ballout case to the votEr- In other the yeas and naW been
qan prove the Attorney General ls word.s, lt ls up to the Jurlsdlctlon seek. Tbe PREBIDIN9
tahlng e 'posttton contrary to the lng ba[out to show that lts electlon have uoL
voters' tnteiest. Rather, the iuthorlza. nCt[oa" a;' trr isit provtAe access enA .  C.- OiOmOX,.,Ur..
tlon by thle'bnl for lntenrentlon-as ol opportuntty, rrnttf,s a sectlon 2 case lortlrcycasrnduy!.
rlght slmply recognlzes tJrat the Attor- where the voter must prove thet the ^'Thc 

-pRESIDINO 
Ot

senL-Buta consent ludgmcotohould .f.!elr votcr.!fr.oot submerge4 lrld Ust'and ttrat h rU I hopc.
not be erit,er€d d-ply oriflDclusot, vl,bat ttrey ca,6aad do parttdpate,lutty Ttrerermey bc two.Bdnr
allegatlonr by t glllntfi,Jur|gdttttou 'la.tIe pouUcsl prooess. .r;. There,,tl.8 odloquy,thrt.I
that ,lt Dects the requlrcn€nL llithat ' I Tb the crtent tbst Whtts agBtnst have wtth €statOrrion rtlre

ney Genertl represents the tnterests electlon metbod denles euch access or tnere a iufttaent s€c@d?
of the Unlted Stat€s, whlle the voter lc opportunlty. rufttclent reoond-
entltled to represent hls or her own ln- It ls not ttre rpter's burden,to prcle , ,I'h;}r*l mdneyr serc rterests for rphatever reaaona. lbr thlg a, eectlon'2 case under the ballout, be- ni;- iA,.m. Mr. Fcgtdclressoni of course, .lt ts Jlot neoessary cause. lf ttrst wer€ @. qhe pmvlston .l'..rr-.-r'fr tf,i[Jd t! i3:3i
l?:,1'11,ffi;*,*:,i:3:x'#,Hif y,*1 *-*ff:; I J?lT- :* ;#;'il?;#ii,d; 6 ;';i;
f#*ffi *H f"t:"Ti;,Ii,tr H; Hle*,[:"f"?'ffif"#f,trj![ff *'ffiy";
$8f5"".ffixjfrffi.,To*,,ixffi ffi"?iffi'gH ffi trffif,*tr ifl'"-ffiffrGodr: j :,
.trmeuness ue *rriittea to sut orrtlrs iion G to creat€ aqiG;utfi:t"nthe _ qE$q+!:lIlfq_
crear stshrtory aeni "riGriiiffi iili"fr"fi"*tFfi#"itffi;-1ffifi'; dered"'wtr8.t. r ua gglnr to .

m-aylbe made 6y 
"nv 

iec"l"ved pa"ty irrei.eu travlng af"pu*ua-*f'ttlaii to_etncts-voteaB.o.t!9t9,.-;
whlah ln lntnndad tn aanfer ntsndtnq hlclnrla dlodnlnoliw naallao. ln Efme. , . ..whlch ls tntended to confer sta.ndtng .hlstorlc dlscrlnlnstory practloes In FT:. -_.to lntervme to the farttrest lr'rtorar- other word& es the ett"-Jiffi"t Mr- ,!f,4t*lF:. Itr-.:
ttcle IItr Urqltstlons on staodtng cep tesufle4 th6 Daltout lr to rdrve er an ssnt,.to EPIId McEbrtr
tatnly tt woddbclude any.lrot€r ln encouraiement ,or prospecttve .tm- mlnutG-t0llcallVotc.'"';":,
the Jurlsdtctlon- provement,:retJrer tJrao leavlng lDtact . 1ho-:EBESIDINO .on

Ttre Attomey General m8y sgrrBe to thet ts. ..iranafatherc4" lts dlluttvd nalodiy.leaderJrmoop
enter a Consent decree, lf the lurlsdle electton metJrods. .Mr.,.8AEE&:Jfr, rPrrd
tlon tras made.out lts burden ol prool . ,,What the Jurlsdlctlon murt prove la on .mr,dldt oow. idter
wlth spectflc ,facts, and tbe Attomey the convense of whst e rotcr Drs to a,mendmoh s €tavcD! I
,General, after lnvesilsatlon, 18 sotls. prove ln a roctkrb 2 oase-thst mlnor- Tlrumond.a,EondmcoL,atrd
lted that therc ls ao Deasou not to,@n: lty votera do lravc,cquel rcces* i,lut rnendnenLrTbet il rllil he

wene so. a Jurbdlctloa'couldrrtrllt.the iRegester has releva,ncc. lt b ln supply- of Dnyer end .r,bordoa. !
burden of prool ,,tn,tJre ballorrt.to_tJre ,,!ng the facton to whtclr I eourt qrould otlrer. reguestt,tortlmc ,(or
AttorneyOeneralond,.io,rqtpdtJsl,try..lpot h arqkln8tDc ngulrcd:detcmt. onrl trrtoow.o!.oo

4nsttons Butdt & tlrq rcmEa ot Wblto. Il.rrhple arcoo

the appllcadtD a'
r tsdsucnt./t.iFst ts, tt b0io:rudidqogil,Uatnucr. -tavo. td€n tttcdi -brl
Edy rloet,rlta fibow that:tiho;{olalltf-o&rctrwn do ls strck .vois.on
dr oado;*ru;..ttances add up rtofirlloarildnstlOnW :Decltr et I odooS{a,r
rdnent of tbp''lmlnorlty erotor!. fhus."{tdlbGrc.{s:ra 'flDc...r : }i{! rt.s.j'fts(