Congressional Record H6841-H6878

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LDF Attorneys
Cooperating Attorney
- Leslie J. Winner
Organization
- NAACP Legal and Educational Defense Fund, Inc.
Matter
- Gingles
Case
- Thornburg v. Gingles
U.S. state
- North Carolina
Collection
- Case Files
Taxonomy
Identifier
- 8e641264-e292-ee11-be37-6045bdeb8873

Cite this item

Case Files, Thornburg v. Gingles Working Files - Guinier. Congressional Record H6841-H6878, 1981. 8e641264-e292-ee11-be37-6045bdeb8873. LDF Archives, Thurgood Marshall Institute. https://ldfrecollection.org/archives/archives-search/archives-item/80b7cf66-afff-42a4-9d2d-285bbed2ff02/congressional-record-h6841-h6878. Accessed April 06, 2025.

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fut&r r, 1981

urlvlrrS rt neceraary omprcml,rer
Ttre gcntl€men lrcm Tcrre, fr. 8er
B. EArJ" Jr., rnd thc aentlmen trom
Ohlo, Mr, Cl^Lmr Wr-urr dro de.
rerve rnuch o.edlt as do rll t&e mem-
bera of thc oonnltt€€ on botlr dce of
the BElc stro worked on thc blll. They
ere 8U to be consntulated-

Thls blU l,B wlthln tfie Suldellaes
glven to our comniCtee es to budget
llmltsttons. Mr. Epeater, I support the
blll and I urge the Bupport ol my col-
leagues.

Mr. Speater, I wlthdraw my r'o8ervs-
tlon of obJectlon.

The SPEAI(ER pro tempore. Is
there obJectlon to ttre tnltlal requst
ol ttre gentleman frcmtlbstsrlppl?

There wa.s no obJcctl,on
A motlou to recondder was ldd on

tbe table.

GENEII,AL I,EAVE
Mr. MONTGOMEBY. Mr. Speafer,

I ask unanlmous consent to revtse and
extend rny orn remarks, and that cll
Members may have 6 legisl,atlve days
crtthln whlch to rcvlsc and cxtsrd
thelr r=marks on tht s€rrrbe.comested
veteDe,ns' cost<f -Ih'lag bcrease.

Thc SPEAEER prc t mDore. Is
there obJection to the rcquest of tbe
genUeman from }Ilrsisslppt?

fher€ ryas rp objction

VOTING IIIGTTS ACT
EETE{SION

Mr. EDWARDS of Califomia. Mr.
Spea^ker, I move tJrst the Eouse re
solve itsdf fnto the Conmltrtee of &rc
Whole- Ilouse on the €itate of t&e
Unlon for the considentl,on of the blll
(lI.R. 3112) to amend the Vothg
Rights Act of 1085 to €f,tad certrin
provisioas for en rdditional 10 yeers'
to ext€nC certaln otber provlstos for
rn additinnel ? yeam, end lor otlrer
purpoEes.

Ttre SPEAI(ER Ilro tempore. Tbe
grstion is on tJee rnotion oflered by
ttre gentleman from Cdiforni,r (Mr.
ED,sArDs).

Tbe motion was tereed to.
IN TE OOXIXTB Of IED EIIOT.E

Accordingly the llouse molved
Its€lf furto tbe Committee of the
Whole Ilouse on the Stote of tJre
Unlon for consideration of the bill.
II.R. 3112, with Mr. Bor.r.rxc in the
chair.

The Clerk read the title of the bill.
ate CIIAIRMAN. Ptrsuant to the

rule. ttre first reading of the bill is dis-
DGDEed with. ..

Under the rule, the gentleman from
Gltlornia (Mr. Epwaxos) will be ree-
ofrtlzed for t hour, and the gentleman
Attrr fUinois (Mr. EYDE) rtll b€ recoei-
nhcd for t hour.
lte Chair rc@cnlzes tlre trrrtleanntn Crliforaia (Mr. bwARE).
Xr. EDWARDS d Crliforrria, l[r.

&akerr,.I yield such time as he tnayErrre to the gentleman from
Irrrs8s tMr. Gr.rcx.xiil.

oNGRESSIONAL RB@RD - HOUSE f, 6E4r
(ltr. OIJCtfaAII rslGd srd re! Ilou.ee hrrn r,n clctpe hrtcb lato r

gtven permleslon to nvlse rnd e:rtend grplns hole thet rtll ukcn thc mL
hb rcmerlr") In @nclr.Elon, I qnnt tc enphrdrcllr. CLICEITIA]I. Ur. Chelnnan" I tnat th13 btll b hpoft6t ad oaly tofte h suppoft of trhe Votlrlg AEht ttrlosc vltsUt dlectad dtlrrF.r but also
Act ertcndoa rs reportd by the Judl- becsqae lt rtlrrfou to ttc rcd ol ttrc
c{rry @rnrnlttoc. As f raerrtber of tire rorld our lqademe13trl rlcmmrtlc
commtttae lrrd ospoDsor of tJre b-ltl, I glnclplet ?e cr,mot bopc S b m
teel strurgly that ttre act lg one of the ixampte to other nruom cmfierlagnort eflectlve rnd lmportant clvll vh8t type ot govet@eat to hpfe
rlghts bva ever peseed. The herrlng ment lt- we do not ancotire,Ce erut nr-
rpcord clearly alrorr that the act ra getpate tn the lug pradfoe of demoe-
melns yttauy lmportrnt to pres€mlng racv at homc.
the rEht to vote lor thae sho.have A-galn, I ask that l;.e l,"ss thtc blt csbneltted trom the rt'r provldons ,rp1i"t a rnd get on vttfr ttre woat ,'&ce lt ras flrst rdopt€d aul. to 91; nia to be dohr$ tJrat ot rerrlns tbe
tetrrilng thet rlght to thre rbo stl[ ;-;
are deared the ruu ft#ffi,;;ld# HffL.** ol ot." pollttcal

the one-orn" oDeryotc doctrtne. I gr: ---Mr.
tD1[rA11D6 d Cetrfortde. l;r.ooura{iE uv colteesuen to]gp-?*.q: Ct,ii"men I yteld f0 lDtnutE to thcblll as rceorted rrd t{r Bgt-} diil"c.rbir"d'cbrtnn& of ttre ctm.ffirer,"ffir*ffiHi ffi##*ffilffidesr dtngl to ttre cou

dahts sr€ a^nd rlll oor
o1- our mat drerleh"i t..&tlofr ;; pe_rmlsslon to revlse and extend hls re-

F,"gggqllffiffi;?" tr; Hfiloo,{o.. ur. cba,rman, rhrs rE

nceded remeOca ertenaea-fn ihis tUI lgdeed a hlstorlc duy. I bellerre tbat
to tnrsre t&.Et rll AmertcaJcs do noCtn th_e matter that ye are ebout to con-
aayu,ry taw thch constitnUonrf rfgUi slder' tlre VotlrU R'l8hts Act and lts
toncf€-dtrutcdorleom.rCma ertenslon, l,s one of tJre mct Lmpor--WeUvJcoreitonfrraytrlnsurlng trnt pleces of leelslatlon to come
freedou 8tad opportunltv for 8tl uu{gtp tJtk bodv' r belleve t'het lt ls
A'rnorlcro dtiErrs-

-regara6s of race, yell too' tJxat we rcoemize t'tre mem-
color, rer, Datioa..l orisi& a fanguage, bers of t&e committee wbo have delib''
but ln tpeping rlth ttrre-Ju&ctrrts- 9l*ted lorul rnd oneleutiously over
trin na-r-" .-unto whomsoeyer muctr thls measure. Both the nrjorlty and
G gtveru oi r't- "lr8uE-iln"rr--re-

tbe.mlnorlty memDens heve done ttre
quired," Te *{ll have a lot of rork to klnd of Job tJrat reflects credlt oa tlre
do. It- ts of vital lmportaace to ttre Ilouse of Represent^cuves and wlth txre
future of our Gover:riacnt that ttrose same bipartlsan pirit thrt gave birth
vlro brve beca di.cnfrpn..rkcd for to thls leglslation beck lD 1065.
trost d qrr sffi, hlrtory ooflnpe to Mr. Chainnan I espeially ryent to
bc qdckly Uor€trt lato olt dector.al oomend tfre chr&ann of tJre rub'
system to perttctpate fully. orrly tJren commiitee, Mr. EDwsDs 1sy 195 dill-
wiUalereram.Us,eraoppqtrntty. genoe, together x/ith rbe rankng nl-
to detcrminc ryho wiu mfc tre criti nority rember, Xr. Ar. I.knos thrt
crl local lrrd Dati@d &idoDs fring there hes been some arees of dlsegee-
each d us every drr. nent-not as to th€ nced for this legb

The Bubeoomittee o|r Civil end Oon- letion, but r:rther tbe details by Yhich
stitutional Rie&ts found onerwhctmlng *'s mlgbt errlve et r, nropoerl ryhlch
erridence thrt t&e rct is stjll needed. would neet t.lre epproval of rU tlr€
fJq.f6ft,rrmlsty, 151r€rc l5e 3ne.s of the Members of thls Eoure. I urSE tJx&t
colntrt yhere i1dividuifB j;le stil dls-- while we do trrve tnoee disaffeaents,
criminated aairuil- Vdl'rg districts are\ we understsnd tlu, tb€ rDeasure
*ill &arrn unfakly to dilute ttre before us is one over end beyond per-
strengur of minority votes And people, sonal corsideretious, bccuse it affects
are gtill faDed with krsurmountabt€/ the coEmifmrt tJrat rre he,ve mde as
laneuaete borriers that mnke vottng e nation to rll the people of tttb
impossible. The committee slso rccog- NctiorL and of r'bst we belicve to be
nized thst thete are covered ar^ea-s ttre highest, treditlon of the Eouee of
wtrere guch a.a exemplary job h reme- R€presentauves.
dying past discrimimton'y pr8ctices Mr. Cbairmaa, lt hrs dmost becme
exists thrt it haE provided a reason- a cliche to desibe the Voting Rigbts
alrle rrrechanim for allosing them to Act as the mct sucGeEsful civil rights
bdlout of the precletranc rpquire- legislation ever enacted. If tir.t de
rDenta. If r Juriedictlon cart prone ttrrt scription is r diche, it ls a'Irc a truth
it and all of the units of Clovcrnment with which no qle am ceriously qurr-
within its territort' have not dbcrlmi- rel. Under thl6 }rw, reg:istretion rnd
nrted with recpect to votinEi rights voting by-black rnd Firsanic c{tiz€ns
wlthh the previous 10 yeus rnd can wtro hrd been delibenlcf deded
present objective srridence of the level tJoese cqtrtitutional rletlts hs rircn
of mlnority partiqipetion, lt cen and drenutbo'Uy. Ilnder thh bv, t&c
should be eble to be eremFt€d from number of mirmrity electcd officlels
tJxat rcquirement of the rct. This pro- has increased substautially-
vlsion, as drafted by tJre conrnlttee, is Eome might point to these ruccs*s
falr. But I do not wa.nt to see the and argue the protections of tJee law

CONGR"BSSIONAL RBCORD - HOUSE Oct&r 0, 1981
H 6842
8re no lon3€r needed. But the exten. where tt Yal betorc the Buprcme hence' I r'm dro oonrdnocd thsc plp.

etve heartnSe by the Judlclary 8ub- c_ouil ruuu-rgt reer_rn -ctii -oi vlslons.sre noocr.rt tl wc lrG to h€lp

commlttee on Ctvg and con'tltir6onat Mobtie'einril"tEorai-n. ttrit oecislon our attlzeru rlro do not @crr EIt3UIb

Rlghts convurccd evd It-6s€-iiepti6 r"eillt-th"i ;pectllc proor or ob- to exerclre effcctlvcly tlrrr dsht to
thet conttnuancc ot tJre ect, tncludtn3 cdnilnetory purpos€ was regulrcd for prrtlclpete tn ouf golltlorl proocE.

preclearsnce.was8bsoiut€iivrter.esi e.votrng iritf q"-u" succesElul. L€8lsl8. I sm conttdant ttrrt dtr ttrrcle

oonsequenoe, 8.R- ariiTL"ri,pi-"tin uvC trtstory ahowa..that consr€ls tn' bsuei ere thoroqhlv d.brt€d end our

fr ffif liF#ffi r,'#H*ffi ff $ffi mfr H:*tu.r*.&!i:::?**s,",rr*ryrydH{*m
;ilffitt[e votros"dr;hdAci-fi8 Therecondrevlslonwouldco^ntlTlg tee rna sttn our prcDced enend'
i*&tibl"iuireceivia. ---: ---'- lot 7 years the- requtreme-nt tiat mini, wut egsln achleve brord blpartl'-fr-til-6fi;-6iour deltbere6ons, vo6ng asslstsnce !g p_r.oy1*-_1"^J$^ aarrsupport.
tti'"-6ig to-ex-tcnA gre prectearance suases other. t-ha,n q"Stblr-I^l_?-t*f: T.trb Lgbhtion ls reasonable, ind .lt

Hsi.'#tl*mi#"ir*."sq# ffi,rTffS,:Tip il"t:ffi,ili rs rtht
wrtte electton IawE po6sess a hlgher such belp. Ttrese-bll-lnsual provlslons tr f1a5

iri],iffiffif tm ::trff &: r* ?#{T.; ts i'3:;:'-':-'"".r# 3 .ffi""f#,gg*i,H"..l*:,"1;;.;
*ire-tota uy stt-nesses ol lnsenlous other speclsl eectlonl ot tturiit;" ** ffi;;; has explred.ii*i"mi,-aiitpea to denv pttlzeng In our debate on -II'R'
theg. r13;ht to vote or to dtlutf the te.iEp""s"tin8-;f no"Jst-dfi;il; -.!q'EDWA3'DB

ol C'allfornte' Mr'

srreryrth ot ttrerr bsli;d. IldiGt oi 6tit -6,i"r tir!-a"bpe or--tle-16ir"g cholrma'n' I flerd t addltlonal mtnute

a,;ffi##ryH fr#*":il,;;; =;;_-";; ti":H.rT["':msn'tiom
New ,eraev

ilons, eonexaflons, iirtrniiaat-ron" tn- ttre[-1trC- precrearince- Drocedure Mr. BrrntR. Mr. chelrmen, rln
convenlence, to o"-"i-i6*-r"-ifuted itioura ue ap-puuo qptlonwld-e, ThlB ls the gentleman vleld?

;$ bv ti;'fistnsui-; fiitttrout pre- both tmpractica,l and unneceagarv: Im' Mr. RODINO. I vleld to the centle'
;ifrnilce-thes; Jurlcdlcttons wouta practlcal because lt would-creetejm gunfromVlrettnle.
iirrfn- ftna weys to dtscrtmlnate lmposslble burden on the- J^rylf X / Mr. BIIII;EB. Mr. Chelrnan, I ,ust

"ffi"t mfnorttv ioters. pertment and unnecessery because &e t wa,nt to te,ke lssue wlth the Sentlq
-As;dstnrutlntioAuceC this legtsle- aA tr efeaay n9!lon4 F l99pe.: _T man's ststement thst tlre revlslonc of
fl6n AilA fdr e slmple extcnston of recent eventg ln New York cltv dem' s€ction 2 would restorc the ler to
iiie t-e65- precleamnd rectlon of the onstrated. T'lre rct bans dlscrlnlnatlon wnat tt ses before the Suprneme Oourt
ii;. But drurtu our proceedlngg lt BIso acrloss the la,n& Eectlon .6, qi_ ?,Y made the declslon on vottngl.
b;il- Aear-ttrt tatness dlctet€d clearance provbto! thqt._lfulT_tl' Acturny, of 69une, whet tt would 6o
[h"t r. arenue to crcepe tbe precleer- zens ane not dlsenfra'nchl,8e*.]9oy uE [E;;tore'ih; b;6 wUrt tfre gpn,e-
;nc; requ15cil4-eortld be efforded plles to 14 gtst€s or perts of F]qft,lP -fi-iti;whi

-ttre
tew was. The 8u-

ilrose-iufratfffr tlet bsve hsd a aU rccttons ol the count_ry ln whlcP
".emi-Court

tn fact has to make lts
htstory of aafilill* slth tbe law. vottng dEcdmlnatlon Fas been.pro.Yea -aic6ton ana nas to lnterpret s€ctlon 2,
nrireiore. e redffin ballout provl- There ls no need for cleerance In other ;a-;fu[ ttre gentteman lB riklng ug

%H,#mg$iffillT;*u '$#""i."Hi, ersue thst t4.-l4e* B t?"*H'ti"ffi'T-? m"#
rne precleeraaee provldons througb provlston Ls too dema.n@: -9FlI !19 ii;Ji-*tt i ruo ilete proportlond

5xr"":',"r;m"mffir,l*: sil1T"ffif*J}*',ffi"f$Trr'ifJ
-"ip-ie"e"t'it'n en-tnaex oi diicrimrne-

,"t"ffiril'ffi"ffigXi$* tfi$H;
barout sqpqrds that m,st Mr. -RoDINo' Mr' charrmen' r

ilJoi5itt L us. unirtacourt toi trre be ;;)t__are o"-*,ar"g-ffiJ:i-"'ri6td H$u,fifBjffiit1l;r51|y#,J*Dbtrtct ot CotumUta lor rny proposed be. But they }re also retffi+,}ffiffifi*I ffi,,Hjr;Jffi
ffil T"i,*x" ffi B[#.ff,'ff r",:; ffi:i,ffi#l#4.']'i#iftf;f ryri*ffiiffit]ffi:inJi uaa not eng:rged tn tllegal acts, - with resard to qquoq
iiiri tt J.J had been

'ro
obj*ton by it ls losical tlqtlt should

the Justice Depcrtment oi-ttre court o.c.- court. This process wlll lnsue mrn, wlll the gentlema'n yield?

to their propoeed ;6|;r'&,- haf no unrrormtti of appltcotlon of the ball- Mr. Burr,ER. Mr. chairma,n' will
iuaiirer eiamrnen nid-ilcei, as"tcned out stsndBrds' such consisteucv F es' the gentleman yield further?
to r"gi"t"r voters or-inforce elecuon sential to latr and egual admlnlstra' Mr. RODINO. I yield to_the gentle-

i;G;-dd tiie.l they hsd made con- tlon of the act. -r^... man from \lrisconsin (Mr. SrxsBnmnrn-

XH"JtJl#",f,rWg*f 'leH;r'il3'#"ffiE,tfl:""5ffi_il*:Tt!T',."'*"ENBRET*NER.Mr.chair.;;;h6p"rtditie"foiconvenientreg- offer an amendment that-,w^ould^.p.fo: m*n, teime ask the gentle.en, i8 it
iiirrti-dirrra ,otrns. Areas removed htbit conslderation of 8,!ax99l1ff,o_1 ;otlom;t that sectidn 2 of the bill
rrom prectearanoe 6buta Ue brousht e.nly when a discrtmtnatlg"-1lll}llg GioiJ tnu commlttee tpday explicitly
Uacr into oover&se tf they shoutd litieated waq f.tle{.-bqfolg eP,Pl_t?jlqP ;ta-res itrat proportlonal iepresenta-
i"i*s" iluotrrrc iiircrtmtreaubn h the for bailout. Sults flled qFI !19 "p?lt; r6;i" n;i t^; be considered tn tnter-
l0 years after exemplion ts approvea. cation would not block flnal J"9qPll! ii*iru ine sectiont--Tw;;th;i

revtstons of the act are on that application. {ory-eve.r, adverse --r,r" honrNo- The cenneman irs cor-
,,3;JJ.X::f;H:trifi.the

acr ar:
PilJflH H""iiffi'*eiil'i".1,rt!$i,rfl . ""ltl'

*oo'No' rhe sent'reman is cor'
- rnfiiiiiLne wouta amend sectlon 2 would brlns the Juri'sdictlon bacl( \";le CHAIRMAT{. The time of the
so that plainttffs ln votlrng rights suits nnder the act's coverage'
would have to prove th8t srtton3 by F6ny; on tt e- nalter of the btlin' Sentleman from New Jersev (Mr'

State and local governments had re- guat pr6r;i".-fon", I *r{ *v-;"fi ttqt I R'oDrrdhasexpired'
sulied ln vottng di:scrtmturation resprd- ,- iir-ii-"orivrncea lnpt ii m8,ke8 Mr. ITYDE. Mr. Chalman, I yield 5

ffiffifir;""j"#fi;tfir,sr tnt nt. -tt ts eense-to irct now so that we do not mlnutes to the gentleman lron Wis'

a,urendrnent wouro restire tli;lu; to hsve to reopen the issue a few years consin (Mr. sErsErEREnm).

981
pro-
relp
ItBtt:to

Mobl1981 CONGISSSIONAL RE@RD - }IO['SE
0[r. 8ENSEI{BEEIUWA rrLed rad Jrntbc tur lancd over E5 objec.tlonr

was glven permlrdm to lcvbc end In the cse oI Ulsrb.lppl rhlch hes r
crt€d hll m,rtr.) reel, bome rule lt8tute, tbe Depart

Nr. AEDIEENBR,EI{NER. llr. ChrU- nent ol Jrttlce het bsuGd over 80 ob
m'rn, I rlse tn stront luppo,t of ILR- JecHonr. In aoth Atrt6, reverd obJec-
E1f3, bCtslatlon to cxt nd the Vodag tone rere arde etslret votkrg pre.
RlShts Act of 1966, lor enot&er t0 tla8 fnitfstud galnat tbc abtc ttsll.
1l6ars. The bellout provlalmr ln E-R. 8U8

The Votlng RlSbts Act bas been hcr- r{ll brve r dual effeo$ en laceotlve b
rlded er the most rucoessful plece ol crcetod tor tJre Statc to clean up ltc
cJv[ rtshts leslsletlon ever enected by mt, whlle o,t tJre ea,me tlme, lorcos lt to
the ConSress of tJre Unlteal Btetes. Itr nonltor the rcttvttles of lts locsl sub-
psss8Se ln 1965 ended over 100 yerrs dlyl,slons. If not, thea tJre countles end
of congresslonal aad Judicla'l attempts Darlshes wlll still be permttted to.ball
almed et protectlng the constltutional ,.out from tbe provlslom of rectlon 5.
rlght to vote. The eceu.oeat has been advaaced

' Besldes exten,rlng tJre rt uatll 1992, tJrat ell tJre local subdivlsloDs wlll have
E.R. 3f 13 accompllshes tJrree otber to bull out before r Stst€ crn become
msJor objecttves. erlglble. Xtlls ls simply r nlsstetement

/ First, lt clarlfies secttoD 2 ol the rct of the truth. The cotu!,ltteereport ex./ by prohlbttlng anfr votrnS qurllftca- prUcltlv states "It ahould Ue noiea tUat
tlon, prerequlstles, standard, practlce, tor State or Dollucal subdlvlston to
or procedure rhich results ln discrlmt- qusllly lor ballout, all of tlre unlfs 6t
nadon. Sectlon 2 would be vlolated lr Govenlnent wlthln ttrat State or p4>
thls s[eCed unlawful condust has the Iltlcel subdtvtslon must neet the batl-
effect or lmpsct of dlscrlmlnatlcrn oD out criterla." Du8I flIlns by the coun-
tbe besls of race, color, or membershlp tles end States wlII not occur.
h I lBnsusge mlnorlty Eroup. Tlre A further critlcism has been levled
rnendment does not create B rtelht to aelalnst yet another one of tbe stand-

- Drcportlonal representauon. erds whlcb provldes lor the delay of s
\ -

Becond, the langusge ssslstance pro- ballout petttton tf a votlng rlgbts sult' vtstons are extended tmtll 1992. Other- lB pendtng. Tlre gentleman from Calt-
rlce. they would exptre tn 1985. These lornla (Mr. towenos) \rltl offer en
Droylstons are necessalry to luarantee a,men&nent that xrtU not allow lor
Lnsusse essista,nce tn the electoqal conslderation of lawsults flled after
Droctes for the trteFation of la,nguage tbe baltout appllcatlon ts Etde. Eow-
ratrortty cltlzens hto the polttlcal ever, lewsults filed belore the ballout
rffirerrn. ppllcatton ls made wlU stlll be consild-- fhrUy, E.R. 8112 provldes fo: a erea. tbis ts only falr. Such a lawsult
rrtrble provlston whlch allows fully ralses a zubstantlal qgestlon of wheth-
E"Gred stEtes'a,nd theh po'lltlcal rub er the ,url8dtstton

-ls b complla,nce
arilms to hitiste decleratory ectlon dtJr.the vottng rlshts t8r's. Concems
I old€r not to be rgqulred by the re &oril frtnolous lawsults being filed are

-arrDce
provis{oDs ol mc6on 6. TbtB tmwarrantcd. Ttrere erc prurrtdons tn-

llout provtslolr, lashloned ty the dhdtnS lsscsshg cGts ed ettornefs
.llmn fToE crrutornlr (ur. ED- tces asrftrst Dlshtlfls and tJretr att6r-

,.!rI.), tbe ;tnueman from New rey8. II cuch a nilt i3 flle4 lt can te
flt. PrsE) rnd mfruell, tor the ari-rceC ecar bsforc tt rdactres tlretlnc provldee rn lnoeattve lor court doeket.

furlsdlctions to tate Blilrmlr A lttrsl essential elene'trt of ttre com-

to requlrc all poUttcd rpttng discrrlmhraUur cldt. T.lre tnter.
to be cleer before allow- eats of ludietal cootrorny dictate thst

rbole State to boil ouL Eov- pendlng zults aUeeing derrlals of voilnso errurlnatlon of the varlous r{Chts be adjudicated before a courtd the fully oovered Jurisdlc- detemtnes the mertts of e betlout sutt.
abrs tht the home mle provl- Provlslons hr etrneut law deter the

b dmfy mooltor lts political ly sueh decrees are treated as the

Eotmfie tu rerk. This means flltng of nonmerltorlous euit6, whlch,ftb tlre exorytlon of loutsiana, ln any event, will be disposed of qutck-
t &mtht -eontrol by the ly. C6nsent desrees un&r thls secflonlrr tbc fffsln of lts subdivl- are treated the sane as flnat fudg-t bellevt tbrt once B State is ments as a ber to baflout. freaitt-onat-

H 8E43
.Ibe rubcommlttec mcnbm" bot&

the mlnorlty tnd the maJorlty, lnd
crtrfrrly the dt Ir on botlr ddc ol
t&e Ele rotted hrrd Bo.l lms on ttrb
lcCldrtbD" end re dl oge tbcm our
tlra*s. l[e re our thrn]r lbo to ttr.
rraqy thouarnd8 ol people utl ulan}'
rtlms tlysugbout t&e Unltod €ltrt€.
rbo hrve ehorzr cuch oversbclmlrrg
rupport for thls btll snd for tlre con-
cpt ol votEg rettstrsilon protectlon.
tldeed I t&lnt lt ls very mucb to the
credlt d our Eirntry tbrt we hrve thls
rldespread uupport for tbe ext€ndon
d the Votlng Rlghts Ast oa a nadon-
vlde besls.

Ur. Chalrman, ny dlstlngulshed eol-
lcgues, ttre gentleman frpm New
Jersey (Mr.. Roprno) end ttre Sentle
na,n tlom Wlrconsltr (Mr. SrvsErBrrr-
m), bave cxplelDed the tbree Beror
diangea ln the b[], !o I wltr only go
hrto tlrem ver? brtcfly.

ll[r. CONTE. Mr. Chalrma,n wltr tlrc
pntlema,n yield?

Mr. EDWARDS of Califorrrle- I yletd
to the gentleman from Massachusetts.

(Mr. COIIIIE asked and was given
permission to revise and extend hls re-
marks.)

z tr 1200

l[r. COIfIE. ![r. Chatrnan, as an
early coqronsor of the VdhS RlShtl
Act extenstoq tuould Ute to ctrongly
urge all of oy cdleaguss here lrr the
Eouse to zuppert ttrts leelslatic g s
Eafilrmatlon of our conrnltment tor
6re lmpoftance ol the rlght to vote tor
all ol our cltlzens"

Mr. Chalrma.n" less thao 2 fern
after lts proposal ln the wat,e of per-
hsps our Efreat€st aatlouel tragedy-
the Ctvll War-tJoe l5th a,meodment to
our ConstjtuUon was ratllted- That
amendment to the Constltutlon guar.
rntees that vottng rtthts for sll of our
cltlzens shall aot be denteal or
sbrldSed W rny Strf€.

Vlithitr I year rfter t.tre adoption of
t&€ lsth amendment, lome ttrree
qRrerters of e mlllion blach cltizens reg-
lrtered to rote. It seened thrt our
lpunc Nrtion bad learaed tJre palnlul
lassons essociatcd yittt treatirU B
people as rccond-cl8r8 cltlzens.

In the letc 18fi)'s, Congress repealed
portions of the Reconstruction Acts
rtd placed electl'oru tD the h..nds of
tJre Strtes as Federol occugratironat
troops bega^n to withdrsw. By the
19BO,s bowever, it ras be@rnrng Eore
a,nd more evident thet slnce the dls-
nantling of the Reconstructlon Acts,

- certain Stetes were going back to t&eir
old ways a"nd denying voting rights to
black citizens.

Onct egairl the Fbderal Govern-
ment had to get back in the business
d protecting voting rights. In 1e39,
the cilvll rlghts section of the Justtce
Drepartrnent was created; tn the tor-
ties, various court cases reaffirmed the
lmportance of our mo6t sacred rlght.
By the 1950's, the Ctvll Rtghts Move-
ment was eroxring rapldly, and the
Netion was exposed to the need for

BE
)ur

". ed,
: lt-
r rd-
r'. tl-

ro tt

the
(Mr.

Mr.
nute
)r8ey

slll
:ntle-

.lust
ratle-
ng of
sto
)ourt

ld do
:ntle-
r Su-
re lts
lon 2,
o8l us
o2h
d€cl-

Llond
mlne-

I.IL I
n Vir-
rad to
Lstory
ndeG
rt the
t the
clleve
rcct.
ChBir-

r, will

rentle-
itBRES.

Clruir.
r, i,s lt
ire blll
rlicitly
)sent8-
inter-

aag; tosrrd esurlng nondlscr'lnl- promlse ls that a baitout ludgnent slll
D lD votlng. It hal teen areued lt await a ftnal Judgment tn any pendng

p' t, !!U do e better Job of funeilonal equivalent of final Judg-3hrt dlscrlmtnatory voting ments.al ttrc @gaty and parlsh In conelusion, H.R. gll2 ls a fair pro-
- qoa ecor. In some lnstance, posa.l. It provides reasonafie, ' Uutt ldt doc Dot heve a good lougn, staiaarOs to nrarO il,at""t

ls cor.

H 684{ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSB Octotrr 9' 1981

rcgt'rrttvc rctron,,i:ff:H -t
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could exerclse ttrelr BosE ElrurEu wu-

{I.1
i
,

;
I

1
I

Ocbbr 9, 1981

fbntttce route. It ?aa
ldqr tlre comlttce sttttout

or hcrrlngs h the com-
c r$conmtttce, or rny elfort

thll Ert of lnforastlou. Is
atrf.Dcot?
'AREE ot qlllonrla. That

lte ballout provlslon
out @er na,ny Eonths ol
bctreen thG Ed

end rfr'oGrer
fr. Chalrman, I yteld

r,mSlrImayCongUme.
a*cd rDd was glven per-

b larlr rnd ertend hls re-
i_

Ir. Chelrman, many
CaL qecilelly at home,

Io poUtb" TIre poy ls not
tbc bours are tcrrlble,

rDd tnt gtty Bre oft€n|Etrhty your Gomrnon-
hG
Lr tDcYotlng Rlghts Act

an rDsTcr, b€c8u8e this
lDd to bave an op-

f frt of shaptng leels-

CONGRBSSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
A men Drrt tllc Ft h th rctloru rnd

Dardoru ot hlr tltoc.a pdlt ol bclng tudse<l
Dot to hrvc Uvcd.

Ccrtalnly thoae ol ur vho have lm-
meraed ourrelvcr lD thll Vorlng Rlghtl
Act lcgbletlon have trlen part lndeed
ln rtlon and nuch passlon. But lt ls
rn honor to have becn assocbted wtth
thLe lesblstlon rnd lrlth ro many
people who hsve poured thelr enerldes
t,trelr good wlU end thelr heerts tnto
trylns to eccompllgh sonethlng to
make the electoral process Bore open
and mor€ evellable to everyone ln the
UnJted StBtes.
f would certatnly not ra,nt to forgo

the opportunlty to ssy that whlle we
leeilslators have tbe opportunlty to
debatc, tDe ghEptng ol thls leglslatlon
ls every blt the work of tome very
dedlcated rteff. Tbey deeerse acco-
lades for the worL tJrey have done.
They bave been professlonal Ttrey
have been Eelfle8a, and tJrey have been
guperb. I apea.k oertshfy ol Alan
Parker. I gpeek of Cetherlne A. L€roy.
I gpesk of Ivy DevLB. And I spesk ol
Eelen Gonzales ol the mdorlty gtaff.
flrey hcve been superb a,nd of ln-
meng€ asdstSnce.

I mugt speak, of course, of Ton
Boyd of tJre mlnorlty gteff who has
Juct done a herculean tob belplng ev-
eryone on tlre subcomnlttee, pertlcu-
larly on the mlnevltry

"16..It ls tmportant to mentlon tbe chlel
Blx)n8or, Chelrme,n RoDrrro, whose fe-
tJrerly advlce and sbepberdrg of t.ttts
btll has rmderSpne e lew tempeets but,
nevertheless, has been ercellent f,lor
Eowenns ls e gentleme,n Ee lr lndeed
e scholsr eud tlre ldeal
culded thts leglslattoD-
rrcrolr hes been very lalthlul ln at
[psdlng the commlttee heerlngs a.rld
bas made an lmmense contrlbutlon to
thls leglstatlon WaLrB Fesrtrov rnd
Josr @rrtus. dong wlth Ernor.o
gpent long hours wlth me, educatlng
me rod rctl,ctlns wlth me tn ao at
tempt to rort an aSreement out. That
It fstled ls no lault of ttrelr own

f,Ir I,utoBEs, qy coueesue on tbe
mbcoilwnlttee, hes been r toser of
gtrength alrd conmltment end dedlca-
tlon and be deserves great cnedlt.
Cerowrr.r, Burr.rn" lt doee not trke
much tnslght to know thet he ls pas-
slonately eommltted to mtnorlty rights
and to meklng them a reaUty. Last, I
thant. Tou RA:r.sBAC, wbo ,olned us
ln worklnei on thls, and Cmeor.r. Cere-
ru.r- I would llke to pey trtbute to
them before I launch lnto tJre therapy
of explnlnlng my vlews on thls blll.

Ttre 15th amenfuent, ttre 15th
a,rrendment ln our ConsEtutlon ls per-
haps the most lmportant statement of
polittcal prtrclple on the planet. It
Euarantees everybody, no matter whct
thelr race, what thelr color, the rlght
to vote.

I suggest that the rlght of lree
speecb ls secondary to ttre rlght to
vote. It does not do one much good lf
one can gpeak hls mind, speak his
plece, assemble peaceably, lI one
cannot implement hls vlews by vottng

H 0c{6 ,J

l-
,-

t
,
1
t
i-

1tG
rtod
rDa
*ild-
Bttcr
rtlcc.
6entt*.
Iea. t
pv to

bc,El
'otlq]
btvc

xt€en
flfed"

rlnela

lns lrom" !o ttrrt vG could cr3mlne tt
oureelves?

tf,r. EDWARDA olGlllromlr. It rar
prepued by rn outddc ottanlcailoo
rctlvc ln tlre votlnS rthb fleld. I rlll
be luDpy to slvc tirc acntlonrn e
@9y.

Mr. BIIILER. Wc have been Pro-
vlded a copy ol t&o brlctlns book pre,
pared by tbe Loaderehlp Conlerence
on Clvll Rlchts, .nd thlt ney be the
gentleman'r sounoe. But r footnote on
psge ? tay8:
It lg tmpocglble to tctr pr€dlely whlch

couDiles would be fblc to brll out beouse
the neceesry lnforuatlon eould not ooEe
untU tlle bsllout.ult.

Ttlan lt Soes on to saJ,:

ltc bcst eaumete b rpDroxlnately 26 per'
mt ol the coyetrd @uDUc routd be cugl-
tfc to tOt out tn 108{ on l,be bsb ol thelr
ilt rtorOa end lruntng thet they cllml'
irtr afcrtmtratorY EochrDlro!.

Is t.hl,s the eolrcc? I! thfs tho best
cvldeace we hgve ol shat tJre Stst€8
ould do?

ltrr. EDWARIXI ol Callfomla. We
hrve rorked very herd tt getilng vol'
iliir ettorneya, srld ln consultstion
rttl tlre DepsrtDent of JugtJce' to get
O: very best lnforulrD tle can on

1?-T'ffi"EtlEE'ffif,:
EortloD we h^eve rnf re belleve ftrat
I I rctnte
E BIf[I,;ER- Dld tqe rentlqeq'r

tfbtr Drodrrce eoY tnlormatlou ln

lor them- Anythlns thlt ob.tructr
t.lr8t rlsht to vote lr rnoru, lt l.l lD-
proper, lt ought to be [les& unoonrtl-
tutlonel, end so lt !e

8o we rre here todry to try to rnrte
that mandate ln thc l6th rment{Irrcnt,
whlch w* ro pdnlully an4 I may rey,
bloodlly ettelne4 enforceeble rnd r
rcallty lor everybody.

I epprorched thls prpblem dlrtelta
ful of the admlnlrtretlve prcclerrenee
proce88. Frenkly, lmportant rlshb. cs-
peclalty votlng, when lt cornec to belns
a part of the electorrl pnooegs, ought
to be protccted h e court where you
have the rules ol evldenee. shere you
heve presumptlons, wherc you have r
tudge who fB 3olnC to glve equal tlme
to both sldes, tnd shere you can s'een
have e Jury ol your peem. That l,s the
ldeal slturtlon end that was my tnlttd
approach to provldlng remedles lor
votlng rlshts ebus6 tJrat exl,rt. Lt ug
r€patr to the courts rether tlrsn aome
Bsslstent Bttomey geuerel dttltrS
behlnd a metal desk ln the Justlce De-
partment. Afu lnlgtretlve preclearance
ls much too summery, lt lB muctr too
eusoeptlble ol polttlclzaUon. The
oouts ore tbe Sreet bulwarl aod pp t
t€ctor8 of people's rlchts" L'

Thst lr all tnre, but when you gg1 1 ,
tnto tbe electton prooeEs you do not | |
heve tlme for the lntemhrble dels,yE I I
that 8rc lnherent ln tJre court proces& I I

Electtons come end jo. Rf,eDDortlon- [l
ments come end so. Rerdatntlons ll
oome and so. 8o ttre court ls lugt lnef- ll
fectlve ln enforctng theee lmportrnt il
oongtttutlonrl rlshts. ll

That reellzatlon cane to ne efter 1l

the hearlng! tn ltrashlnctoD, ln l6ont t
gomery, Ala., end Au*ln" TeL, go re I
luctsntly I ebandoned ny prelerence I
lor tfie remdy ol rolng to ourt to I
correct tlreae e,buses ead reooeneod I
the pracilcellty,.the lndlspena,blIty o, I
ttre preclearaoe pnovldoa.

I
8o wbst do rc do? We reogBlge tbe I

need for pruclearlm rs f proo@ lnd :.

se aclnowledge llom tJre bsarlDs lttnt elthough tlre South rnd tIe rest i
of tbe country hss Erde enorrnou! i
strldes, berolc gtrldes ln openlng uD I
ttre process [6 rnlngalflssr ttrrere le r \
long way to go yet. \tre sne lndeed but i

natfwaiup tlre hountstn. \ ;

We heerd teles of r,buses h rreas\ i

where polling booths ere not svrttsHg, \ i
where reregilgtrstlou !s denande4 but I !
ttre regirsu;Uon oftlcea Bne op€n irom lf{ to 9, I day a week. end sU rcfts ot ,l\
subtle and uot'eo-subtle deprivatlons f
of people's rlght to vot€. I i

So thl,B leglslstlon ls needed end lt' i.owht to be contlnued. But I rua8e6t j

to my colleaSues rlvnple Jugtlce de :

mands that lt be evenlranded and tJrat Jl
we r:coSmlze ln the old Conlederacy i

a,nd ln other pBrts of the eountry that i

a,re under ttrls preclerance provlslon,
.lwhlch edmlttedty ts an extrene

remedy lor en extreme sltuBtloD, rrgc- '

osnlze good tattb compllance end pro-
vlde o method that ts doable, thet 18
rchievable, thst l,B workable lor these
Jurlsdtctlons, whether they b€ Statfs

person to have
Etror.D WA8E-

p
b
re
18
13
,ta

18
ot
ut
in
'ralrE

"I
Ia,n
ot

lm-.

ucl

DhI
Bul
c.*

fil
Umnlt
,out

;les ln
urylntl
rrnub

h.
alr!

a torDb tbe llves of so
L bdec4 Ure Bsjor
lE rl rD Glect€d offt-

rahlneS yesrs ego

II6t46 coNGRBssIoNAL nEcoRD - HoUsB Mbr 1':::"
I

Irnd thc lDlrlt.-Li-;:*r"-,ffi
1

,*Fi"trce bY whlcb I
ii'rnrttca to reloln
-*-rtt" gltb tlre reat t

ilr;G? Ir tt echlevrbl'-
ConcePtuauY' t'trts

ldr brUouL-wl?,',-
tredeoflr?- DrY TI:
tJaat Cbarrmru IY'
blll Yhlch 9lr€ry
firllHiffi
dearance penn'rreDr^ otrrL 8{ld lrY ?:*,t"5..i"oUee tbrt sq* q."1"^*:*;;;-;mmrmtty ls

o 1215 dhTl"iff:+?H"#"&*l fiiltu "^"* *lls*nce rt rs

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Well, the ltuum
stlt3^t ii'""Ltcr"" preEsure on these rr

I
,e

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rt
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rnd
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ent

uts
nd-
trd-
ihle

()etoDcr 9, 1981 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
Mr. OONIERA. Mr. Chalrmen, wtll Mr. EYDE. If I mey reclslm my

the gentleman yleld? tlme, I seloome the Sentlemtn'! re-
Mr. EpE. I yteld to the gentlemen merkr. I certotnly do not lcek any

lrom Mlchlgeru credlt.
Mr. OONYER!. I thank the gcntle-

nan for yleldtng, rnd I wrnt to com-
mend hln on hlr remerks. I ny to Utm
that durtng the entlr€ conslderetlon ol
the extenrlon ol the Vot€r Rlghts Act,
Do one has worked Eort dUlgeotly,
more dedlcatedly, end even with an
open ElDd- I remember the gentlemen
very gpeclflcaUy, besed on the hearlng
snd the wltnesses aDd the testlmony,
showed that he could modlfy hls vlew
lf we could prove our case to hln. I re-
member that the gentleman negotlat
ed In good lalth wlttr Just about sny-
body who wanted to.

I know I certalnly had acoess to
dlrect communlcetlou wlth hlm when
we wele trylng to lashton tJre varlous
partr of the bfll that are lmportsnt.
And I commend the Sentleman lor hle
slncerlty. Durlns thl,e debate rnd ttle
6-mtrute nrle, end everythftr8 ttrat
flows beyond, I want to essur€ the
gentlema,n of my good wlll and contln-
ued cooperatlon ln trytng to work out
e resolutlon.

Mr. EYDE" I thank t'tre gentleman. I
never doubted lt for e mlnute.

Mr. CONYERS. I have not llnlshed
yet.

If the gentleman wlll allow me to
eontlnue, I Just lelt that I heard hlm
commend our dtsttngulehed colleague,
the gen0eman from Vlrglota (Mr.
BurLEB), for hls support a.nd eornrnlt'
ment to the Voter Rtghts Act. Do I
tnfer fron thet that he hes been a
supporter of the Vot€r Rights Act?

Mr. EYDE I thlnk lt l8 fair to say to
my frien4 the gentleman from Mlchi-
gen, that the gentleman from Virslnta
(Mr. Burr.rn) ls e eupportcr of equal
tccess to the poUs. IIe bas dlfflculty
wtth many of the ltems and para-
rrephs end terms of thls.,But ln my
telks with htno, I do not know anybody
Dore committed to opening up the
process to minorities from the gentle-
nan from Virginia (Mr. Buum). I
rccept his diagreements with me end
rltb the mdority as very good fsith,
vcry lavyer-like and worthy to be lis-
tcned to.

-, Mr. COI{YERS. Well, finally, on the'lrrrtter of the authorship of some of
tbese provlsions, we, or at least I,

-rpeaking for myself on the committee,
ttlt tnat we owed a Ereat deal to the

. tpntleman ln the well in connection
rlth the bailout and the provisions
that nere worked out. We said that in
full committee. I have said it publicly.
I beve never denigrated any of the ap-
;troeches that were different from
rrrlne. J thlnk that the genileman
drould still feel fully entitled to the
Gr:dlt to whlch he deserves for his role
h helplng us recognlze that e bailoutllr emlnently essential. There wa^s no
bllout, as the gentlema.n said, in the
clftnal legislation. We went back to
tb. drutlng board as a resulr of the
EUeman'E speeific lnterventlon lnItb result.

Mr. FAt I{:IROY. Mr. Chdmaq
wtU the gentleman yleld?

Mr. EYDE. I yleld to the gentleman
lrom the Dlgtrlct ol Columbla.

Mr. FAIINTROY. Mr. Chalnnan, I
almply want to assoclal€ myaef wlth
the remarEs of tJre dl,stlngulghed gen-
tleman lrom Mlchlgan (Mr. ColryrRs)
ln eU psrttculars, partlculrrly hts res-
GrTstlon rbout the strong support ol
votlng rlghts by aJrother Member,
wlth one exceptlon.

The gentleman mentloned the Dl8-
trlct ol Columbla.

Mr.EYDE Yes.
Mr. FAIINrROY. ADd the voting

rlghts trcord of tJre cltlzens bere.
Mr. EYDE" Frorty-three perrcent ol

the blacts voted ln tJre Dlstrlct of Co-
lumbia ln 1980. Ttose are the statLB-
tlcs.

Mr. FAITNTROY. Yes.
Mr. EYDE. Misslsslppl does 3 Eucb

better Job of hsyfng blacEs vote than
the Dlstrlet of Columbla

Mr. FAITNTBOY. Yee. But tJre gen-
Uemsn urdergt ,nds, on tbe stsensth
of tJre vote yeet€rday, why ntny cltl-
zens of tlre Dlstrlct of Columbla have
come to leel thBt tJref votes do not
count. ADd I thlnk tDe record of our
voting ls nmrzJng ln tJret regard.

Mr. EfDE. I gtn sure wben tJre gen-
tleman runs for otflce, tJrey teel dlffer-
ently and very rtnonglY a,bout electlngl
hlm-

Mr. PAITIIIROY. Well, I urlll egrce
wltb tbst. But beyond tJrat, tbe geu-
tleman doea recoeprlze tbat one of the
oornpelllng reesouc for the extcnslon
of this Vottnei Rlshts Act ls tJrat there
erre e number of mechanlms mw ln
place, aow betng used, thst rrender
many voters-not only black voters,
but ma,ny voters-ttre prlvtlege of
votlng but not having their votes
count. Anaexations, st large eleetions,
and redistrlctlng.

Mr. IffDE. I must recapture my
time because we are timlted ou my
eide. I eppreclate what the gentleman
has sald.

I yield to the chairman brlefly, and
only lf lt ls a compliment.

tr 1230

Mr. RODINO. I thenk the gentle-
man for yieldtns.

As the prlnclpal sporuor of this leg-
lslation, I mtrst state that the gentle-
men 16 due a great deal of eredit and
we did dlscuss, as the gentleman
knows, originally, the bailout provi-
slon a^s I means of gettlng I conaensus.
We recognized that.

I thlnk, unfortunetely, while negoti-
Btions were really slncere and genuine
on both stdes, I thlnk the gentleman
must accept the fact that there calne I
time when the gentleman hirneeU said
halt, nothing beyond that, and we
carne to tbat kind of lmpasse and then
we were left on our own.

H 684?
Mr. EYDE. Thlr BentlenaD hr. on.

ceded the trcilcrl error of rttemptlng
to drew e,n cnd to the tnEmlnrble nc.
3otl8tlom by nylng "enough l!
enou8ib," but we a,re ell entltled to r
llttle hyperbole, a8 I rm rure t.he
chatrmen ot tJte ruboommlttae rlll
tgrec.

Mr. RODINO. Tblg does not detract
trom the gentleman who lg speaklng.

Mr. EYDE. I tbanl' qt, lrtend.
Mr. C'hBlrman, I reserve the belance

of my tlmc.
gr. ED\f,ARDB ol Caltlorata Mr.

Chetrman, I yleld aueh tlme es he may
oonsume to tbe Sentlemen trom New
York (Mr. BrroB r).

(Mr. BINOEAII asled and was glven
pennl8ston to revlse and ertead hlis re
marks.)

l[r. BINOEAII. Mr. Chelrma,n, I
rlse ln cuppoil ol E.R. E112, r blU to
extend tbe Yotlng Rltbtl Act ot 1966.

Ttre act ras lnltlally paseed ln 1906,
my flrgt ycer tn tJre Eoure. ud ras
truly r lantuart ln tbe long gtruggle
lor clvll rlsbts ln thle countrr. I was
especlally Dnoud that tlre dlEiln-
guisbed chdrrna,n of tJre Judlclery
Qemmlf,fpg et tJrat tlme, henuel
Celler, plcked up r suSigtestlon I nede
to hlm ttnt tJre rct cover porty cleo
tlons rod procedurcc, re vell es geDer-
el electlons: Cbrlrmin Celler rew to lt
tlrat rn a,menfucnt to thtt eltect was
adopted and rcmrlncd h tlre bIlL

Certalnlv tJre Votlng REbt Ast hrs
proven to be onc ol tJre Eao leDor-
tent and ellestlve cMl rlgbts b*r ever
passed by Consrg. More tJren t mll-
llon blact Anerle+m serc rdded to'
the reglstratton rrollg tsr the tlrst ?
years of tJre tgt'l ooveragc. Rogldra"
tlon ol gtseanlcs has lncrcarcd !O per-
cent nstlonelly rnd 20 perceut b my
own home 8t8t€ of Nes Yort drrlng
the last Fyear ertensloa ol thc act"

But desplte lncreased mlnortty per-
ticipatlon tn every phase of the elec-
toral process ln Jurlsdlctiona oovered
by the act, mtnorltles oontlnue to face
a variety of problems whlch the ect
was deslgned to overrome. Resist8noe
end hosttllty on the part of the slti-
zens of many ruch Jurtsdictlons toward
lncreased mlnority participatlon has
been docrrrnented. The U.S. Commis-
slon on Ctvtl Rtghts, whlch was estab-
lished by the Coneress to, +rnong
other things, evaluate Federal laws
and their effectivenees ln crombatfurg
diserimination, has onoe agaln found
that harassment and lntimldation of
minorlty voters and candtrdates contin-
ue to persist.
. There are eonttnulng problems ln
registratton and ln votlng. The Com-
mlssion found that some reglistration
officlals are openly hostlle and lntiml-
dating to minorlttes when they at-.
tempt to register as well as when they I
ettempt to vote. In severa.l Jurlsdic- I
tions, all polltrng places werr locatcd i:r I
predomlnantly whlte communltles, or Iln areas whlch were not served by I
public trsrlsportatton. Sucb tactlcs/
were used to discourage the mlnority/

saa
the

has
ilran

Is'e, --
ent
lev-

ntr'
Ito
rdo
rdo
dig-
rrd-
mt

lts,o,
tins
BAnS

irl5
peal
lL ln
rend-
rhat
rting
lrith
fal!-

to be
bea
rhlon
n be-
t tlle

and
You

worE
thEt

bop€

E 6t4S CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSB fub I 108'

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;illm d u.r-;ffi 6 r.,".r' ryffi#,effi ffieffiffiStrffiffi.ffiH#PutE@ tb I-Uillf fa tU-E tE rn, lorlsdb !
f',*mH.ffi.ffiffi k" ;;a'ir"ourui*e-ins A#ffi
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$rffi,ffirffilor adottng tlt" #ilfriut prwroon |ve of turimreded mrn

rhlch wllr rcrlerc;;ffiT;tiak;t!"* the ballot bor hes be"

lroo tDc Ectlm l-nredeannce re Judlciarv Conmltt€€

oulreoart tr tIE - fi* r 3nnulne lhoqrn' hoe'ever' tblS

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llr. Ch&urn, t&l lundencriel Ufrtfn Grlcrb of t5c llotrrr Ju.l&S Ye orn lool .t thc otlre erpectr o(bt ol ou ooiltrtbnd tern cl rpr rry Commltlr t$rt inotr ttrll bl& thet eontlnuurn, thc odrnt t|llbt tocrrlmt I lbt t5c euttrrlty to Ir. txrff8lB ol Crl$cdr. Ir. r.g)v! ccrtrlD lapedlneaE to ttre
gosm oE &u th DcoCe Tlo Chdrmen, I fleta t nbuta io r DhAraalrtbttovotclnthcSoutr,'(lotrutnmt &c d Srrrt dght{ lt rrluad mber oa tlr. rrrbmmltfcc, rrch tDEr ar e fredlether der.ue.
Dmt d.stht .daerclsaut&orlty the dlfrtsUulrhrll 3eaftlcann bor IUI- Inoclcd doryn by rnr{our conrtr Wc
oaly b thc crtaat rrthort&y bI bcca Dolr Otr. wlruororL Gan lool, rl tbc t{t& qnandneat 1s!
Crcato8byt&epcopla (Ur. WAgEnf(IrclN r*,cd rnd war tDe dlrlnrt.llon oI th: Pon t r g prrt

Thc rtbt of Cl dtlrul to rctc L c. lilvo peralrslon to rsvlE lnd extsrd of en sor&la oarejh to crpead tlre
centlal to tDo fcUary ol eay 8or hbrcmrrb.) &rnchbclat&frcouDtry.,
e.mmcol" Grcmneri DEd Dot 1.c- Ir. PIrBEEIL fe. Cbr,fann, rt! Ttre l8-year-old vote curlod lt ton-
fufrc e[ dtlrcns to vote; Dut aelt]re tlp_gtg!tsqlotg![_ r.rd.s aif tU drc{run, oc-vde de-
under uy drcuantrns elrondd 3ov- .!f,r. fAEEnfgT\Otr. I tlEld to tbl dblonottfr8rB.encOoiutlntDedr-
erareat r.t u r brrrler to yotln3 \ laDEentn lron_Mbfrlan ges, m4 ttn1trf t11e 61dl n1351t Ad,
When gseranrat ltrell preuents I \ (llr. P[rR8ltLErc{ldlrr_tlven 6iibOC
clrss of cttllelr. tron ,vdlql, tt creetee Dc!ilIclon b ll tlc a,nd crtcn<l hb lt. & re caa roe tDrt tlte ooatry'r ob
ffi*i tta vorv tto**.-.xr.",,r&E L Lgo, trffi

The rSth rmendment to our Coa* tutH lrc b h<lceb ur IPIIT ;618 drod-bmc rDd gr-tbtr l1l,--tutto p1ds: &c outeffir leedffiile -93,J!1-RE f#epa to tt -&r,1b. c punr1;ent
EE t. l'bc d3trt o!.}la ot tD. uDtt d Dubucrn and Derocratlc sldlP,gPj o tle sarea ,,rt &hi or rn h-

Strtee to voc Orn Dd bG 6bd A $tc ffi hpqtrrrt ilcct ol lefilde- i-Geneat-upoi tAar roveietpty. or
rbrtdsod U tlr t ilti Ebia r tu rny tlcn ttlr yerr.

ffi,**I|* cDra a D'I'''ou!, lg; Effi:**Hrffi ffiWtH?o}ffiHffi&. t a'" ccrc -tr btr pmcr b qec rr i*-nr;ttr,SL'i;fitri Hf llgtr ffiatdc ttL at&lc b"mrt'c tsrd} tru ttit Jer-v, tn1 y51_^cjt9 ffi"u h1" Eade & rcry dlesr trhr!th.
r rr ffl to cnd nE r,srosrrta m#" H"tr"|fflrji 6t"tv in n ffi"i si":dra uve tue

leglsl&tb, n trm lrlbd to fultrll eur a'rat b het€ to tE- bod, 'tUrt tt rsrL w YUE'
Dd, ttiiir.a3qt l*+rqrt.rcpl rG brs Da r' cAfvU.,"|,ffiffiii -I"h"

rcglstrrtlm nguree bdcate

s sm*m*; m,ffi S,tE! HtH,t H Effi
Hcrr rvirmLatr r.." oerrrvqc Erl- nuhtrturcdb;-trJ-sJffiffiffi ffirffiH"*itr""$llons ol cltlzens of thetr rlght to yotc. qUf6,nn<fr. U,;ler
Thst lew l,s coDs,,Bt€nt wlth the cur- rt wes - ,"r",-ot#'iol*re rnd rrom Jrout r Pdanl to qpnixhste

ffi'.Tg g.;lffir"ffir';i: ffiffiFffi.tr# 5dlhffil.T ffi ilJffjwF,*ffims#ffifrffir ffimffi#ffi,Hffbred llcn to nrt5fic tr tDe fpc- thb Crrllc+a dcbcafA t-Lrfr OovasrrenC - f frrcEU nof d Grrtl: tD thtt Dt tbercrore beeu I sEoDS l9d pos-
The Voudg-Rlghts Act has bcclr tlc Ce&rjfrtbcffiS-tEr, cffU peQrytaa_rhal$y derlces de-

mtcltrectleecavtrrlffi lcdslrtlon ln tneiri-r.cA -EiE;[;-ffi trti $P"C to aIIUrt tlra usf r la tre South
qr tl*ery. It lr u ert ef rtg Cgp d. nu & tS .G;i.it.ffi[ hrvebeenrremorcC I

irrcerricFod, q1Ebwttrs-ffi8;{; . Tbaetre8@EEtocrythitclrceit
Tb ernrot tt t tb 6t r,r* ffi' tb E--rbIl-Dt dcry= ber b99n nrch r slrerlrr nEcE pcr-

tlrua lr raoa toeborbb e 5 Elt iunage Ure rtCtrt3.of-ttre ireoa& 69 hrDc tJrc the Drs errlved to ibondo'n
the .ct trer anrctcd urrrct cf Uic ulta lL ffiourlv rnd deerf, t&et ts aoi
Drobta. ftc Juddary Ourlttae g-n fUZ, r&n.ilh! ttre yoths true. Arly oue sho Er4 Deen prlW to
horerer, tn ltr cxtedrrc herrhg F Blt1$B e, A lj;5 I Jlnpte crtep the bcarlnCr se bsd thro'rglrtut- tJ: ls .

celved tasthqgr o cnntrnued digrlE- 511 utA Do1j rlr+, ea irito rna ourtr?, rn shlcll ee aaw 8sorcs of wit
lndory votlry rdstntioo pro€dure& r'cwc to tUet fo,: UCu13h53 GUh Betec rt ti berrlD83' muld cetrinly

Ttre act forddec uercd Jurhdlo rrrralnerrt - ooltlc to tr.e corlurion, ra I hrve
Uons rlth tlre dsbt to sEL eremptbn - i do mj o.r'.t we clr look at uxc doDe, ttrtd rpt only rDould the rct be

. or "bilant" &o[ t&e Drwlslons of tbc lot! rn .'tuetrt ln r rcld. I thlnt li cxtende4 but dro tb8t ao occtenlm
,\ .ct U tJr€, cra aiaarr*rrtc tlrt ttlrey t- 16 Ue nrt tato htstoht o"t"r,t Ehoufd dilut€ lt ta eny Inarnlngful' here mpllod rltb tbc e.t ,8 lO h tbc hlrtorlc cmtlamrn. If re tooi lerhlon-

ycsrs. il A la r Ead. rle m,y lrtEt thnt thtr Yc tErrd preiD€ot UtlFtors
' ThfE Eott- &oofd ourdty reJect oeyh1ortecjrltlooormorp betre ur on bottr Cdes ol the gues-
S; rny etfapt to rmr{t tlre act to feur, bcea ttcrilty hrcllcd b tbe d. Uon, cavil rtChtr orfnnintbn Ieederf
,it erteoA the Dmvlslu to tD€ entlre rectlon of en ctcr cxteirrtlA tnachice Eltrle ofltdels, Secretrries of Stete,
;.,t 'oountry. The publem whldr led to the to Culrsltce cvrerf rdult ttrc untrm- Attotaeys O€ner8J. foraer erd pres-
.:: 1965 act was not lcl,t:loaride. fb a& plc4 lnviohfe rtht to vot€. Thlt b ent ongresrDeD, tlose rbo hed been
* &€5s r probbo vbere tt cxitts ls mt gUt tlrb aeb,tc i eU rUout" hvolvod itr thc fnftirf le65 rcL rnd
$ aiccrtnlnatorf. It ls omnonsense. Thc Oucrth h rbctlrer tJrls 6bD- tJroee herc dttlrg ln tIc Eour tod8y.
'c- Aay e$cnpt to erteni t&e rct to the lnes rlll mHnrre, h &r prlsttr= pow- Black and'whlte St&te assemblymm
\ eaUrre @untry ir cleerly en $tcrupt to erlul forrn" tbe ..t rhlctr" rfter a lOO &m tlrrorghout ttre South rlrpea,rcd

rre.ke! thc act to tDe polat oI lDeffec- years of delay, was llnally de.Ign€d to belore usD arsscE@ts |reopl,e academi-
- .'. tlvenec doeonetblngrbout the rttt of blar&s clam' but tbere urs si sp11r[elrnlng+-l Ttrc Juahrrry Coomitfee remrted rnd Elsponfca h thtr @urtry to Vot€. pGlttve lrrl,port lor tte crterioD of
f tbls btrl by r rote ol 2it to I rftcr the Etrea- re lool' rt lt tlr r -Ulstarlcet retloa 5, fedleenre. Tbc selglrt of
;i E6t caretul rod ertendyc considera" @atert tt t LB orr aone Eeanlng. I tIc tdlnmy frsCEDly ertouadlne:-' tlon. It ls 8n excellent bill, one whtch I thlnk we can trace lt, 1s3 crmJrl€, to Tbc aeotlar.n trom llltnob ls not
.;, *J']HP-* *1':-.#.HT**Y.: *.kl-*^{Hg.lt k: IFI*IT JH-#rsl -tr*I;

&bbr I 19tl

'$ tlght to pess lt nn-onLno.rrry ylthout
r},l"lSmrlnent a.d tpsi6t tJrat tlre Onfer.
,i -"" repoil rellect the corfirnenda,ble
:{r.
s.

OONGRESSIONAI, RE'CORD - HOUSE , Ilgglg

UDlted Ate.tes. We cea trle our polnt dence when he seys that the wel8iltt of
of departure fron t&e lOth amend- t&c teetJrnouy lsra er, overrrbelmlng
ment, aad tlre sufferese for women- thtt lt tuaed hlm erround. Ee had

H 6860 CONGRESSIONAL R"ECORD - HOUSE
leglglatlon and see Do reeaon to duute
It further. I urge lts rupport.

Mr. EYDE. Mr. Chalrman. slll the
Sentlema.n yletd?

Mr. WASIIINGTON. I yleld to the
Sentlemaa from. Illlnols.

Mr. ffYDE. I th8nf, the gentleman
for yleldlng.

On the quegtlon of countles gettlng
out tndependently of Etates, I am sure
the gentleman recognlzes, Bay, ln New
York, where three countles are ln but
i.he gtate ls not_

The CIIAIRMAN. Ttre tlme of the
genUenan from Illlnols (Mr. Wesxrnc-
ror) has explred.

Mr. EDWAR,DS ol Callfornia. Mr.
Chelrmsrt I yleld 8 mlnutes to the
geDtlenan lrom Pennsylvanla (Mr.
Gnev).

(Mr. GRAY asked and was glven per-
mlsslon to revlse end extend hlE re
marks.)

Mr. GRAY. Mr. Chalman, I rlse ln
lupport ol II-R. 81f2. I urge my col-
leaguea to pass thls ext€Dslon of the
Votlns RlShts Act wlthout any crlp
pllng amendments"

Only l0 years ieio, Mr. Chalrman,
llteracy tests eud trcll taxes were
GornrnoD to meny parts or our Natlon-
Tlrey were t&e crude, dlccrlnlnatory
pra,sttcec whlch kept blackg and Eis-
panlca from votlng-untll tJre advent
of the Votlns lilghts Act.

1bg llrlnect of the ect was lmmediate
and far-reachlng. In Just one decade,
black reeilstrgilon ln the Eouth nearly
doubled- And slnce 1965, tbe number
of black elected offlclals across the
Un ted Atstes trsa Bore than trlpled.

It ls tnre ths mln6rlty conmunlty no
longer laces blatant prastlces such as
llteracy tests and poll taxes. But we
lace Juirt as aerlous e tJrreat to our
cbtltty to elect representettve publlc
offlclals.

Thts tbeat oomes ln t&e fom of
gerrymanderlng a,nd annexation
echemes almed at Unltlng the voting
power of rnlnsylflsg. Thts threat ls ln
fact a realtty. Fbr example, wtthtr the
past 2 months, the Justice Depart-
ment struck down a reapportlonment
plan tn Virgbrfa because lt would h&ve
crlppled the votlng power of blscks.
More than 500 such Justice Depart-
ment obJecttons have been made tn
the past 0 yearg. T'lrey demonstrate
the need to extend the Votinel Rights
Act and to extend tt lntact.

Mr. C'halrman, there ls yet another
compelling reason for us to renew the
Votlns Riehts Act. It goes beyond the
fact that ttre act Ls a proteetion and an
lncentlve for blacks and Ejspanics to
vote and play en ectlve role ln the po
lltlcal arena.

I refer, Mr. Chalrman, to the new
pollttcs of the 1980's, wtth lts blatant
disregard for the disadvantaged end
economlc digaster for poor and mb:or-
Ity famlltes.

VIe already tnow that the adminis-
tration's safety net has many large,
g8plng holes ln lt and ls-ln the words
oI David Stockman-"a term of art."

Glven thl,s reallty, Mr. Chalnman"
the only real aalety net whlch mlnor-
Itles can count on lg our own capaclty
to parttclpate ln the polltlcel system.

The Votlng Rlghts Act, to a meJor
de8ree, has made thls partlclpatlon
possible end meanlneilul. U you
remove or water down the Vottng
Rtghts Aet then you nemove the most
baslc safety net ln a democracy.

I urge my colleagues, Mr. Chalrman,
to conslder thls when we vote on thls
carefully srafted compromlse whlch
the g'entleman from New Jersey has so
sklllfully brought to us todey.

Mr. EDWARDS of Callfornta- Mr.
Chalrmarl I yleld t mlnute to the gen.
tleman from Texas (Mr. SAr B. EArJ"
Jn.)

(Mr. SAM B. EAI& JR,., nqtsed rnd
was glveu permlsston to revl,se and
extead hls remarkg.)

Mr. SAI\[ B. EAI& JR. Tbe rlght
and prlvllege to vot€ cbould never be
abrldged, doctore4 or llmlted. Ttris
undiluted rlsht [B as boslc to funda-
mental Justlce today as lt res g€Dera-
tlons ago when a group of cttlrcns re-
volted ECalrxst a desplceble klng.

Just as tundamental and baslc as lt
was when men from 13 ColoDles drew
tJre llne agalnst tyraoqy 2fi) yeara ego.

f nm strongly supportlve of E.R.
8112.

tr 1245
Mr. IIYDE. Mr. Chelnnan, I yteld 3

mtnutes to the gentleman lrom New
York (Mr. trt8E).

(Mr. F'ISE esked and was glven per-
misslon to revtge aud extend bl8 tB
marks.)

Mr. F'ISE. Mr. Chalrma,q ln tddns
up the extenslon ol the Votlng Rlgbts
Act of 1965, once aeBtlc the Corlrrnltt€e
on the Judiclary. ls otlerlng the Eouse
of Representatlves a chance to t-te a
further step ln the hl,storlc tasts ol as.
surlng equal rlghts for ell our c,ltlzens.
It is thls role that Eeke6 servlce on
the Judiciary Qernmlttes so rewarding
and the assoclatlon vlth my colleaSues
oD the 6pmmlt{,ss Eo sstlsfylng.

On our side of {,hg alsls, f aB nor-
mFlly teemed up rrlth Tou RAu.sBAcB
of Illl.nois ln our advocacy of Judiclary
leedslation. Unfortunately, Tou bad
previous engagements bn his dlsldgt
that eould not be ehanged when gener.
al debate was scheduled for today. IIe
has asked me to explain to the llouse
his strong support lor the'extenslon of
the Voting Rights Act.

The Vottng Rtghts Aet of 1965 has
been reeoenlzed as the most successful
end crltlcal clvtl rlghts leglslatlon ever
enacted. Tlrere can be llttle argument
about thls statement, as bl8ck, IIis-
panlc, and other tanguage minorlty
voter partlclpation has lncreased dra-
matlcally ln tbe South, Eouthwest,
end ln other covered Jurlsdictions
slnce 1965.

We are conslderlng nothlng less
than the rlsht to vote. Desplte the 8d.
vances made ln expanding the oppor-
tunlties for ell Americs,ns to vote,

Octobr 2, 1981
been agetnEt, to e eertatn extcnt, the
cxtenslon of that act.

The wltnesse8 before u8 gave us a
chamber ol horors, lnstanee alter ln.
stance ln whlch the act had been ylo-
lsted. There hed been lntlmldatlon,
threats. coerclon, poll changes wlth no
notlce, lndlvlduels ln the South forced
to vote et arr.open table where every-
one could see them and lnttnldatlon
waa rampant,

Objectlons bave been llled to ap-
proxlnately nlmsrsl 800 of these var-
lous changes ln the South.

The Clvtl Rlgtrts Qemmkslell stated
that over 600 changes made ln covered
Jurlsdlctlons were not submltted to the
Attorney General. Rsctsl gerryman-
derlng wes rarnpant ln meny. meny Ju-
rlsdletlons throwh the South. And an-
nexatlons deslsned to tlreaten black
strength were ra.mpent,

The CIIAIRMAN. The tlme of the
gentlemen lre6 nlln6ls (Mr. Itresrncc-
fi)N) haa explred.

Mr. EDWARDS of Callfonrla. Mr.
Chalnnan, I yield 2 addltlonal mlnutes

/ to the Sengeman tps6 riltnels.
I Mr. wAsrrrNoTloN. Muluple regls-
, tratlon has been requlred. Incouven-
I lent votlng locatlona have been man-
I dated prlnartly tn black countles or
I blacE loeales. Ttrere have been unnec-
I essary runoffs and elBt€ requlremeut5
I where no slates were needed. \
t In shoft, the chnmber of horrors w8s

ao bad that lt brought even my good
frlend lmm Illlnols to the polnt where
he had to chenge hrs mlnd. Ttre net
result ls that thle act has become a
cause celebre ln every black locale ln
the country. I know of not e slngle
blark pqrson or Elspsnlc perBon ln the
entire country wtro has any treserya-
tlon abeut ebsolute support for the ex-
tcnslon of thls act. But even thowh
we support the act very strongly, we
llstened to the argument that ballout
was requlred because we should not
punish the States.'Although I did not
feel tt had a^ny c'redence, a.nd although
I felt tt lacked potency, fun the splrlt of
eamraderie and ln the splrlt of blpartl-
sanship-a sptrit tha,t prevailed
throughout-we made a monumental
concession to that slde of the alsle.
That concession was simply ttrls: In-
stead of forclng the covered Juri,sdic-
tlons to come out the way they came
ln, we made modlficatlons. In short, 8
county can come out of a State, some-
thing tt eould not do before. That wasa monumental eoncesslon and one
which I thlnt lndicated the splrlt ol
those who wlshed to Bupport thts klnd
of ect.

I submlt to my colleagues that the
time has come to put thls l,ssue behbrd
ns" It has been going on not lor l?
years, but almost 117 years. Ttte lssue
is not resolved, and lf every few years
we Eust come back and rehash thts
business, I thlDt we wlll be sendtrg
the wrogg stsnals to the people of thls
country.

I thlnk E.R. 3112 as voted out of the
Judlclary Cornmlttee ls a flne piece of

'81 .

ftl"
or-
,lty
t.
Ior
ton
you
tulB
oost

ntn
thtB
btch
aa 8()

morc oat to bc doa Thc Judlclgry d bn@ d potrtctl lrsronr rayedrla rd hcNp ttb DlrE outrldc
Gdtftc hcl{ Ebny trom under tb G Dr[ bea trlelr. rod tb rutlt botJr lfu?
ceer? pBrt ol tJrc offif tupDortltrS tXlS arpr& eeortrraltb ta voter l[r. EDWARDS d G$fcd& Wcll,
thc onttmrtlon of thc V.otlns Rl8htr prrtloblUoLrrcDceriecbleveA ll tD rrotlcrora rurl /cld. I do
Act, nrrtlculerly tbc fcy itred€.raoce lla tdhi nrwlloa eoproved Dy Dd tw d ut BtrE rEc the
rDd Ftnnrlt, lrngurge porl|rloor ttrcomnfiltctttrlr.radrtprcacotsr poCc ae rrltnrrtt l[o tDG DdnS
shlclr sa rne Uddaf to tDC AE d vrttnfcorancatowrcurr.rntlav. ' Doooh.
tec Ea-. Tbc mnftrce'r De.r E-R" lllt elo rxtalb the blltnnral llrr. FIII'ImCr. Oh, oD-rriErilftvr uotc c E-B ltlt I cr& Glcctloa rwtiltmtd untll t0la fil! tfr. EE,FAhIXto[ ellfomh. h ed-
dere d ttrc fofhme d tlt IrL fovllon to broQ:t_ _thcftemhlae to OEon to ttrt, te hlt no tes$rnoay toOr.flrrf4 Ulcmcf l-G-+Doll tu€s, mtdd mbrr ol Xcrhn AlErI- ttccffdureltfrcrDrEt[ittfrci*
e&d othcr dcdoer ln tDa 196 rct trer c!os, hcrto Blcer, Gibn, Anctl' qs1l5rn friE 11cal Jcri;, p65Um
the llrst step h !.hlciln3 tbc rlghts crn Indarr rd Afin Awlc.n! crrbtrg. att b r ag,E' obtd6a to me.
Surnnteetl _ty thc t6tb rneodmeut- tbor rfjB to ilG f E ln !..red Ir. E[I7A3XE o( qruo!'nf!" Xr.
Sectfon E d tlre ert rrt ddrneal to ttrn ery 6cr ctrl=al-bqt lpo llyc 6tr,"trnrD. i-nda i truta to ttrcpreveat nes tcur of dshlna&ry bccn Oignffcr$ (hbd G.lEJtlltr' cnUanri ffin OtUo (lfr. SEEr-tcf,t tnd drfcs lroE b.{ry used to ef opoilrrrlrl fryA f+ omcq5catU ilcl,ivtld'oc'bcrdthcmdt-
dcay l.rrcrr fe "tU te sda Accdoa rE,pffih filrL tcc-

6 requlres that cprtsln atrE rnrl loc.l Btllnfoef cfctu DoG.bc€n +ma --y3. grrmnrnto. Xr. Chhun Ilovcrmcnt uurt nrdcer rftD tbe to be of oly nlnhrf g!!-ry,en 431 60 nd -""{ tD raO uytfrfrs to rnrat
Department ot Justlce a47 chnnaet ln ltrs oDpod' f.Dn=11q!:qv-c ^.1[g hlld*nrn d-a6..rdr}o,aiii tnpor-

/ l-otins or $9$m erccAurca. Tlrus, Grosrr, ednftred rlglqtll tId t&€lr E;; of til. itf i',erfi celled the
I tklys" SleSo11 rmtrr$m. ot o.tsyereu)loqerclTlF?! _ E6,-@-tri;;d;frfr ancecsrtrl
I .41t" quhrS to dlutc mtnortty Omtnry to !e.f ry--E{? _:f- dytr ilrf,rr nea,re se tsrrc eve,r
I 1{-.q r!qpQ,_ea_d nde.l rerryman- nrcsse4 Dlunguar doctt31:_q" gglfTg ds'"4-b*u!e n aed! sltu trrc mostI derrnc. natrpdr uthrr nold aIrc rtote 'sultulal "ryryfg:-Egl] ffi rt&t hr r ilemocracy, tne rttt' potl trr r9<t It rr., ted, rre $brect tbey cncourrge rlt dllrens t9 nutlcl- fr;".

to rcrle t, tbc && Oe41Amt. DBte h tihe nmt fmdlnentrt.?q$lZ -i'iorrfA Ub to ,pare tf,,,o 66'ewB-Jurtsdctlw enctlng ttrc te8tr md ot our dclnmsr. ry":_r*:t} uili nommr. tlrhs e6.rq{, aleDstsdevrceg.re*ustratlfi6ffiE{Elsifffi"fiffi'Epiffi " Hvent blcA rcter D
tbe nred:ure n
voir;i rrsht" i* **"-ents or

1"1 &&frr.ffi IffimH Hffir"#In l9?5, lrdanre was erpa,ntled mfy thtl, h rth Elq$q Ugd ;;i-h.d to meern rD elec6on IswE tDto hcludl frrF ?ertr ol tbe South- stetesfrfe+lcctcd dlan Glaily, bl- il;stsr" o[ Obb2-H'.Sffi ;,iffi;*.#fffid5to heve tcen dslnlnatod rrrfnst &rr.

.cntcffrcthswdreetertcrrded? yrrlme, *hlch hrre -"fiiltH;a; , ry otDet trt'E r rould lltc to sav'
. n@NEh. ta13

-g61ari3- turriue ii to tu" r61t, m -friffi ffil r^corred thc paEerra tm'cilt-
&s hrd orylld stth ttc- Yottng lootue" rencurse, h$ ffo ;;jffiffi: Ig9 (rr' Ererrg' Dot elv ra 4s
f,tslrts ect" ui emtttee-iperovE i;1

"16r-+
to exerclse-ftrr-iititri- f!$""t h gettlng }}rk bgl h thc

. u-ameoOrrent to tl|c ect wUic-U per. fronel rtgtrt to votc. - 5D8pe E L tr hrt for tJee rnendment
'utts tnrerrsacuou rlth el-"-rec- ura. FBrwrcE- rtrr. cha,traan, vttt ;H,.ftffirfm$-Tr$"B.]rds to rnflout fol! cDvera8E. The bal- tbe gmtlmn yteld?
5rlr, re{urrenentE ere rrr, raa suourd -*ld. rrEE r frra t" rhe'Beaoesom- #jffi f"ffit, ,eralt mrntl corrntleg rnd States to an trom New Jerrey.,tatfraroouelaEu !'tJrcrct frE FBfWrcK. Ur. Chelnna,n, I vtth rlld olv lf t&ey qltilD{€ly
,-f11g 666ticet trenAai per- tUank mi coUeasue t* if"16111s. -- - |!"1pd out lnto e red corrnpldnt after
-trr frt_t firdttnre ryrlftlcrt nrtYti- r .n DrErflr- r. roo JlTEirhnt Tr tJre fact Jourd tberc be aoJr efrect on

(b,oDr;r 3 tfi| OONGRSSSXOhIAL BECORD - HOUSE II 686r

,i;frr,.nor trr Arrt ttue, polltlcrl anbdi- I em hca.rtlly ln lavor sf thin bllt. It EIle IacE Ilours Enene De alrJr eEIecE on
:-;ili vftrn r Strte tb-emtv Ic bil- ls rmdoubtpdly oae of tbe-31ct ipj19;: tlry ryoncoa ba,lloul

.*lft" Over DO lql lu*caUlons should taat rred f supl16rt lt rboleheartetliy. -Iq-does
eeco to tne th6t thlr disFoses

5I eUslble rmder- the anendment I ryould Uke
-to

rsL, tbe e'rrrrrmm ihe of tJre ofy rtnrfning srbstantlve or
E}rtes-yUtcU cen Ooo tbrt lts potr$- gmtlenan from Celiforata Ol[r. E] procedurd o[toction tbrt I felt, hed
'ffit suMtvtslons are also clean wUt Ue ierosf, or utre ctntrma& rhlchever, I any merlt ln tte ommittee.
'IEDitt€d to petffIon Ior e brllout as arn yery troubted 8bout somethlng. I - I weat to esnmend tlre pntleman' feU. fhese States Erust, reel,t rome do not trrt.r. 16s1s le gufflctent prctee- for so prelrrlng tbat a.mendmenl
EpoostHltty for tts lrwr rnd dst tts tton there tor ttre voter. The vot€r, as Mr. EfDE Xr. Chrirmaq I yield 4
1;sdtvlsl@! h mplf@ rttlr tJre Victor Gotburm once sald to me, "No nlnutee to tlre nnklnC Republican

''-{frttrg R|8frtr Ac.L VOte h any Cood that l,s not sectret." member, the gentleran frpn flllnois
. Satlout ean be achtered It ttrc 6lrt I thlnk thBt lf edvtce ls Ee€ded, both (Mr. XoG.of,Y).

."tterfot." tJrat certatn q 'qllflcatlorur psrttea cr.n BEt toeeth€r lrrd advlse 0f,r. UcCI{)RY ssked and was given'!ve been met. tlreee tncfuae r show. outdae rnd coar:tr and say, 'T9ell, thts permiscnon to revise 8Jrd ert€Dd hls r€-
" h t&8t pe rllncdralnrtor? tads or de. ls tbe rry lt loots. IblE- !B rtet you narfs eod to lnclude extraneous mate-
Gt have been ured for tJre past l0 rre golng to harc to do." But nobody tial)
t:rr; no Srtments rsslDst tfrc ,urls- ought to go ttrto ttrat thlng unless !f,r. UcCLORY. Mr. Cbebmerf I
tEilon have been lssuerl lor vlolatlons tllrey e.ne bllnd or heve not got an arm thank the gentlemsn for yleldi:ng. II tbc rct; a.d therc hss been eompll- or tvo e,ras. I Deanr lt lr open to the rant to ommend the chrirman of ltre
!E rllh thc YottDgi Rlshts Ast pre- aost t€rrible rbuse and ttrere 18 no aubcommlttee, the full commtttce and
Fsrnoe prwlsioue The Jurlsdtetlon pmtection as fir as t cen ree. my disttngutrhed collea*ue, tlhe gentle-
!E slso demrnrstrate that construc- Would tbe gentleman accept an man from ntln6ls, tbe ranklng rnlnor.
G dforts to ellmlnate tntimidatton Bmendment that would requlre that lty member on tbe subcornmlttee, for

Mr.
g€ll'

E^I&

I end
r llld

rtsht
rer be

Tb18
bnde.
eDefa.
!n! rre'

cglt
s@o
!r3 r80.
t 8.R.

tiefal E

n Ner

rcn t,o.
bb r+

o tt&E
g AtBtr
,ronftt G

rc Eousc
ao tale r
rnl of ea'
'cftEeog.
etalcD on
we,rttng
olleagues
e.
t ll[ nor'
SAx.lBAGr''rudldarT
Tor bad
l8 dstrlct
ben gener'
todsy. Ee
the Eouse
rtenslou of

I 1966 has
: successttrl
ilatlon ever
e argumeBt
brscL Elg'
le mlnorlt'I
reased drar

othlng
sptt€ tJre
B tJre t

rns to

H 6852 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD _ HOUSE @tobr 2, IgBlthelr extenslve work tn connectlon ol !!" dgbete snd to the emendmentr EouBr o, Rprres,rerrvra,wlth undert8klns to exteno ttrivoiini it rct wru ue oirJrfr riext weet. -washtnotor\ D.c., Jrtrc ,, ,sar.Rlghtr Act ot 1965.
Mr. Chalman. t,

r:tr.qr.rrTri"ry$'i}?,ffiruilffi?:iff qtftf,I,si,,,ji#Y#iwr::;:'Jfr :Tlleved that tt C"e a"e il"tiiir..-rigfi6 qulrement ln the act thBt State and .ru-aiiiery comm,ttee of rhe unttc<t Braresw-hlch the Constttutlon beit *; ;;;ll local Jurl,sdlctlone dlstrlbute, at thetr loqge o! nepreilriiiu"ee-ia';r€nuy rtold-of us 8nd that the Federal Oovern: own expen8e, I mlght add, reglstration gtg.h:84n9! on the extenston of tue VolGi
ment has the overrldlng responsiUuii" or votlng meCertals, tnctu<tlng hsaru;: Illhts_Act of 1066. 4! e part ol thls extenl
to suarantee respecr rot tiiosi-riirrtJ. trons, toras and balrots, gi9;9fr1i"i- l"",hoii" llr"fril,";ioi#"", iifti,;fi"ffUnfortunately, lt took untU th; iiiir;; Suages llsted ln section ZOatel -oi ttre fif,.,iarrot amendmenta trom rhelr currentf-or the- conSress to recosn&Jlhal sgt. In order to ue uiougtrt under the lD85 exprrsuon d&te to 1900.duty 8nd create e body or nw ameo at r6qulrements of itrG-sectro", a"o ri-G - r a-.-atrns to request rhe fouowlns tn-emphas-lzlns that Federal rote. lmportant to

"otJ
tr,"ii il ;##Ifl .rormau"n i,iia'-id;';; i'r,!"t n*" t "r"

iir.*sru*i:*,8.n:ixiltuir[tlTru.trlf il+mn]'m#5r5:+li-,*i-#ltl#.;;ln pubuc factlltles.
-Duuttc eo-uqlioii iioi or o pereeiioilts-votrng age cit- elecron hat€rrals;and federsUy funded proS:rams. Foil ;:

vears reter, bo"giiii ;;;,fijffi; ffi; Eenrv and heve an tlllteracy rat€ ^-(2)
The number of bllinauat baltots prinr-

act, whlch attempt"*"*;;,,;;;Iflffi Hii;$pj#i4$ih1ffiif.:im*:*mmgEp**orer'vrding'ihebrset up effecilve pn
housGe dscrtnlfitt;n *irraft !rii-ii: mlnorl-tv" only covers esan amei- i[i-ci."""r electrons;
cated. Unfortunately, not aU oi iir"ie cans' American Indlans and llispanics. - ({) The numbei-;i;quests for these bat-programs have been as eftecttvJ-i" It does not offer the same polenttal lots.snd met€rlals aurrni ttriliection.
oncehoped.TheFbirEouslngict.fo beneflt to Eastern EuroDearu ln the ^J-nltl .vou_ln rdvance tor your hetp in

ffffJ,lL-fl3"ff Pffl:tr"#. ifll f'f&$inff"ffi"11y;ffi;i: l'tH"'lJffl;,11,,'t'1*" 3,H,1',"""i"!"T;
recrl worked wlth other Members of speak English as a condition tor mlm- ------6lncerery

yours,thls body to fashlon a- comprombe F*rup ln a ..languagC mhorlty.';And RosEnr Mccrony,a'mendment whlcb would enable the lt presumes tfrat tfrJfanguage mlnor- Memberof @rwress.Il_ouse to support sonle tfDrorrements. ltfsrucfr ts UUturate ii-argU"U t" ttt_we wgry successful tn th; gouse-G eratctnitsn"ttt;;:t";fi". Rtdleulous. _ sr^rDorcer.rronrra,our efforts to lmproY-e the enforce- r know trre crrarmfi-or tue.c-ommrt-
""r""*rfffliffij*.'ffiLf*

zz, igct-alsnt 6sc[enlsrn ln the blII ln llne tce ena tne suucommtit"" *ut
""n"

C6iittt".r.onthgJurficrara, uirr*cla"p_wlth the compromlsr
draft€d-- n ";"d'B'm il

o#
H*.'ii,fft";i:-ltr"H"Hy-ftH

*#'##{,ffi1ffiy:
nranracted upon ln the ott-.rfis*-*,*$ffii.t"giF tr4Tfficlvll rtghts ects has

Rtgbts Act, first pass
created tn order to rre
rebenstble rccord of -voUns-;;ift

l$t Attorney General for t&e Depart- Dlvins r',th.th"_-.t"oiiiii"iiiii" rcqurre.
obuse documentcd ln cone-parti-of iPel!^of-Justlce'sctvllRlShtsptvGton. 193!s^of-.-tne.votint nEhts &t. lruti-
our NatroD. lvhtte tz or tne ie-secuo; i testned on March ta u rast ffigj #HIT]]k"?il* I*HH#jln iltle I were lntendr-mern,#,i,inr;r,;ffi"!#$"gi$i:.!Ff#'"e?ttlcan ue aocu-. ilitfr;L h chrnese. one orher co'nty,:lm"d st

.
thelr tnceptloP for t,empo i mented:and .yet the requlrement re- Inyo, must provide oral *sists,Dce to anlarv. spplicatlon- Even former Chtef imslns. This bill would exiind thg;ufi- arieitcan ma""-ritni'rrtv3ffio wrrtren.lttsttce Earl \Parren" wrlttns for en f i ibutty poten6gl i;"-G;;d-fi"'t-?i- ly,egrq". -uoreorir,

-
rn

-'coisilr:duon
cdrh

"""',,T,;*'Hurfi '%"d:.H;'t'rryt,"*X;f iU:*tt:J",r;i:]iJ$"i#lkTffi ffi"I,"ffi ;tpart), obsenred thSt tn tne Ught of ttre years ln aavance.
- - -

a,nce sith the orat ssslstance requtrnentsevidenee the constttutlonallti of these - sio." the subcomrnrttf€ Dade no fr'"Llitio-r" l"w consutut€e
-&mpuance

sections was based ul
rary snd *,"- dii.,:i#i*',i# ;iyi""tr*Hry;,#J13 5lq*m_ffiing, of eourse, sbout;t-ih; ilir*;;t""'"iffll?,ff"1fffr"1 rsrtlli:;;it#* rhem whar 6i iii,"tiirg the votins Rrshrs Aet,E t?quire-trative preclearance o:ttre 5tu

-ueiorC-*:'i:fl.-ili2.
ao"* their experience has been. r recetved ments:

not undo these sections.
-O;-th,l ;;;: responses.from l? States, vlrtually all ,. l. Autohstic, tareeted, provtsion of minor-

HT',"Hll"tH:Hff,fiffiffff# :l##&T*:iJ"*:n*t"-pliance is rtv ransuase materiars'
re Eat€ri.

subcommi-fiee, rfri.""rry,;;;;-Lil requiremlnt ,"" ffi,i,i"',];T:l]iJ# ff;[*rT.g:tr1ff:#,gffitoJ*Xpertly laden wlth nurr
whrch make,,o rogiJHlH,'fl'":3'ff 33fr??3I;3Jf 1ffi,:*:ffiH1,:T"1f #*#ii'ictuc;"r.;;;;iH;t t ." "oo
ep -!he lmprovement that covereO Ju- the responses I received wtren i oiie"r . 3' fhe proviston of btlingual eleetion ma.risdlctlons, parttcularly in the Soultr, my smenrrment. For ttre momtni--i *I9i,"qro,r*i4".
have demonstrated over the pa"ild wilI orrer the lewers i t.3y"-i;f.:'i{

"rffi#ffff"T""::"11i$",H ff:H,:yearc' Moreover, t believe ttrit rr.R. Rrcono so that ttrey wur be avaitauie ;i il;;ilils the best possibre serrlce at the3112, even ln lts present form, aemon- for review before' ttrf amenament lowest possible cost.strates, ln pri:rciple. .reeognition of process, uegrm.
-itrat-

iis"";i- i'uf
-i;

^,
rvrlr s[at?-trqi-r-!-cenuy gompited a survey,

:If;:"#i'x'';ff3hil"iiinii,iti"#r -ffI*?JilanT*it'f,'.x"
ff*,iTf,u:,*i#fi:t:.11$i:rected bv this bodv' r qrsg.yoY' then, riiireferred to

"""
*ioiiorr'., to rhe -General.

Election costs. Tire suneyto pay close attention to the batanci 'r.. rsrsrrEu !u ru'e u's rollo\
did not determi'e the number of minority

91 October 2, 1981

langutce punphlets shlch rere prlnted bv
the reven @untle8 utng th8t method. T'lxe
regultr ol r lster lrnqutry are tsbulsted tn
Attschment Il. As you can ree from the
,or€golna, "btltngual" lg not e term thet t!
tuuy descrlptlve of the D8t€rl8l8 shlch
Crltfornl8 provldes to lts mlnorlty l8nguate
voiera,

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
ln rddltton to the county oo8t8 lhown ln

the attechmentr, the state has costs ln two
treaa:

l. Provlslon of mlnorlty language verslons
ol the 8t8t€ B8llot Psmphlet.

2. Provlalon of b[lngual voter reqlstratlon
Esterlsls. Ttle costr of these approxlmetes

AnACHlrEr{I r.-1980 GEr{tML ErrcTroil

H 6853
400,000 and not hore than f6,0q) reapectlve.
ly Der electlon.

I wul be happy 0o supply any other lnfor-
matlon ttrhlch you Eray t?que8t.

Slncertly,
MencH Forc Eu,

Secretary o! Stote.

Iildrtix\ cod ffi,
luoErlrl hdomntC ilrfi
Flr8c cod b0o( col

h(,erritd ourl rumcllu
,,usstn8 6t c6t Iotrl cost

ol"

Ie
es
d-
18
n-
to
n-
ct

n-
te
)l-

ts
rd

a5.N 3,t09.m

$86 m $13 55 0 rrm m2.05 0 .25
'.lE167.m ,5.m ll{.00 0

0 t,tal.m 0 2.000.m000000000 3,000m 0 0659m 1,827m 2t0.m 0
3,rmo 9.,1m00..............-............ tJ00m0 106.m $3.m

5m.m .....-..........-......... 150.m00002,336.55 ll 72 .....-..................... lrz.m0 l.l?5m 0
-..-...-.-........0000lIm l,m0m m0.00 tlI.m75.21 t.t35.m 0 0

'*"'-"-i,lii,.i,0'-"""--ii:iiiii, -'--'*-'---0
ol3l.$tm.0 l.lm.m 50m 01{}9.m t.l25m t15.m 7.m.m

5&0 525.00 t5.q) --.........-.....-.-...
t,?92.m ...................9,812.00 206.m 23.m396.00 229.00 lm.m 0lt7.{3 189.a0 m.m lm.o

l0.m ........................
0 ..........................- 0 ..--.--...---......2{3.E0 l{7.36 0 0000r$.mr.m 200m t00.o ...-..-.--...0 2n.92 0 2a7.957a5.m ul.m 52.m zll.(n

u2.071m
558 tr

15.298 00
17.166 00
2,125fi

s00
lr.t86 m
6.330 00

135.m0 00
3j76 m
3,.50.5r

?6.131 00
9.810.2'

19,r30 m
21,9$ m
r.m? m
?.a9? 50

at7 05
0{.726 50

59.150.00
3t.576 m

3.3E9 00
10.87r.55
It.t58.m
t2,626 m
5,395.83

16,r02.50
6,m0.m
5.010.7?
E,t.2.22
ll323l
t,660.m

l5,m8.m
5.m0.m
3.850.u

t0.512.m

--'il'---*--iii b0 -----"-- 0"'--* rd iitfl3.m r,125.00 170.m ,.lm.o

Irlr..*.*..* ll,a2.l9 s,95713 6t5_754.23

(

t
AnAffrilrEr{I fl.-sPAiltsil BAr0n PR|NI[I) 1980

Sa Lb

&.Esrroxs Drvrsrox,
Attstir\ feu., ttlr.e 25, 1981.

Eon RosrRr Mc€ronv,
Ue'nbet al Congftss, Conmltbe ot t]le Jttdt-

c-l.or7l, Holtsc al &eprese,,totioa, Puh-
lngta,r\ D.C.

DrAr CorcBrssrrr Mc€rDBY: In r€sponse
to your lett€r concerDing tbe lmplementa-
tlon ol blliruilal ballots end electlon materl.
rIB and the extenslon o, the b[lnguel rs
qulrements, I would llke to funrlsh you with
tbe foUowing lnfonmtloD tJxat you bave tB
guested.

Au 254 countles and wa,rds wltb the excep-
tion of three countles. th6e being Greyson"
Cooke, rnd F8nnfn whlch sr€ loceted on the
Oklahoma border, are requlred to provlde
bulnausl ballots and election materials. All
ballots a.nd ba.llot mqt€rlals are prlnted ln
both Enatlsh and Spanlsh ln both prlmary
and general elections. Sinc.e there ls not a
dlstingulsheble dlfference, there ls not I
spearaLe number of requests for bilinSual
ballots and msier{als durtng the electiorL

The sdditlon8l cost of provldlng the bllin'
gual bellot,lsiztd subst&ntl8l. The odditional
cost ls tr the preparstlon ol the prlntlng ol
the ballot wtth edditional cost for the trans'
latton ol the Ensllsh to Spanish and the
l&yout of the bsllot.

Plesse not€. however, ttrat shlle the costs
of the Stst€ prlnitns bulnsu8l bsllots and
electloDs B8tarlrls Eay not be sl8Elflcant,
there are numerou! pollttcal subdlvlslon6
sithln the Etat€ sbo rlmllrrly prt1i htt€rl-
als and ballots for tlxelr electlon!, We hsve
not sttempted to measure thoee cost&

fhe gt8te of Texas ls hnndat€d by Artlcle
1.08 of the Texas Electlon Code to provlde
bflincusl electlon Eat€rl8ls. U the Vottxg
Rlghts Act were not extended, Texas would
coDtlDue to aupply bifinsuBl electlon materl-
sl8.

Slncerely,
Groncu W. SrR EBt Sectebfl of Stota.

. FLonma Drqsrox or ELEcatotrs,
Tfuhossee Fl&, lune 24, 1981.

Eon. Roarnr Mccronv,
U.S. Congresslnau Committee on h.e Judici-

ory, Woshingtor\ D,C.
DEAa MB. lltccrpaE In responae to your

request ol June 7, list€d below are the coun-
ttes tn f'lorlda whtch ire requlred to provide
biUncusl ballots ancl election maieri8l:

Collier, Errdee, Eendry, Illllsborough,
Dade, and Montoe.

Ttre expeDses lDcurred ln conductlna elec-
tlons are borne.by the aountles, therefore
thts office does Dot have lnformation Bhow-
lng the cost of thls prtnting.

Pleas€ let us know lf lpe may be of further
asslstance to you at sn!'time.

wlth kindest regards, I remeln.
Sincerely,

Donorrr W. Gt,rssox.
Dcpuht Secntafl tor Elatiow.

Cer,rronnre SraE UrlvtnsrrY,
l,ong BeacL Calil,, June 17, ,98L

IIon, Rosmt McCtoRY,
R dybura' H o u e Olfi ce B ddtng,
Washi$gton" D.C.

DEAn BoB: Earlier thb seek Chairman
Flemming a,nd Stafl Dlrector Nunqz ap-
peared before the Edwards subcommittee to
testify on the extenslon of the Votlng
Richts Aot of 1965, 8s a.Eeoded. I support
the extenFlon of the Act, slth oDe excep-
tlon. Ttrst exception lB reneded in the dis-
s€nt which I have filed on the Mlnority Lsn-
guaae Provlsions. W'hlle I rmderstand a copy
has been fued lor ttle record. I did want to
send you one peraonally.

I hope all ts weII wlth yorl.
With klndest regards,

Sinc.erely yours,
SfrHEN EonN.

STAIEXEIII OF COXXIsSIOIIIB &TEPHEN EORII
Oll NTE XII|ORTTY IATIGI'ACI PBOVI6IOI|6 OT
IIIE VOTI!{G RIGETS ACT

I do not coneur wlth the rrSuments mBde
by the Commision stafl aDd my colleeguc6
tn Chapter t. "T'he Mlnorlty LBncus^ge ho-
visions of the VotiDa Rights Act." Nor do I
concur wtth RecommendatioDs 1, 2, a end 5
ln Chapt€r 8 as Chey pertaln to the exten-
sion and lmplementstloD of tJxat portloD oI
the Act.

To argue that the provislon of "Equal pro
tectlon of the lsws" lDcludes votlng rlghtr
sqlstance ln the language ol DDe mlnorlty
group member8 end not othert b to pervert
the mesnlng of a CoDstltutlon vhlch was

Prln ry Garrrd.h[l tach

t0.r10
n0

3,590
a0

t290
19.550
13150

It,7m
t00

1,640
m0

lJs3
3,130
1000

g)NGn5$trONAL R8@BD - 1IOUS fuhrl, 10tl
II 6E5I
rldrd to Drotd, tb. indvtdd' Dold (l) tFldDS' l'n'oq) Illolr Ett
prct ctlon rt rro-tT-it'tr oisoqp rd; rl-:ti&-n - ounad rour;x|.ffi:
go, ttr.. -iii ;il';iivtdril-D,otiotlon rlnld'rat hourchol(

Ttre lr?o JE"i' &ia6oota ec utlnrqrtrropb'brllot-
rnother tonsu€. stErG llnsurser otucr t'trii -iiiEultFrglatudad' tD'lrtdurllv tor

Enslbh ,.r" tiJ'ffiGir"isr.qq r" fi-e criciroru-olr.tticrclore r fflht tturc t6
houscbold! n nttitr man-y or our reuow-iu'- ;;tlrtdc oc t' Dot

'lr8lu}c
rt thll tlnc'

ii:nr- iin,"u"iliii.*r?it' ;'A-;aegifl ffi 13n, tl ffi ;'ffi'S'fr
[if;rs* Hi:f,i,H:"#A'y.f; ;ffi;!!!'ti;.'Fdi;ra';ir ;;'6: B''

group. o, Amer6;InitrE. er se cen rii unsu-d lrirDdittoa. ol the Fublletty Piltr'

uy rcc, to "or,tifri-ti,-ii-;tr,
.pittrfiS ;ffi-.19F-1,t-lron,"sc tr 'ppproxl-

eletdrl lervlci thoe glro rrc tD ' t"?Ht lrrreU-fztgry|g' The DdDt&3 Gtrt ol the

not mo6t.mIti-ifisii. s--,D" I &fil ffifS"r1,S"ffif3#rt33ff'S:
dlrcrtmlnst rv- To provl& SovernreDt'l u' ;;.ffi e'"'Ellil-."d -remple fUotr
*sr, * * "lf 8:':";}i.ffiy.J tr;*.f*ffiry#6reco ls rteo lbsure. To rssue Gq14

mS,"."1,*'*l ffi"f JllrStS X$l*ffi,m*r*g,;rfrt a to crst r ballot tn the Unttd-tt

iitrlH"H*."u ffi,**T&ffi ffi,l5 ^ffi"i fS:*mgU
tw tunAanontat' a4€ct of cltlEDEhlp'" i;il; tt;arttrle ststc olArlronrorratd
Eucb a DaUoDrl Dollcy sould.noC +op. ,-de-itne young Rlghtr Act do€! plrcc
lrleDd or rclauve sho aDes}s Lne-Pnmrry nm addluart tlnsnctd aurtlen otr area!
fang"age ol the cltl'€o tton rrtflnS olrt 6lt r"e *tr:gtt ,g to r€Drb fbcalfy.-otrnA
irctructtoD8 r from mrrllng r- sarDDre -Thrd! foiiour lnterd tn the-ffirguat
Uetic fo" ttrrc lndlvldurl who Deeds urlst- o"erace id-boperuUy. El8 ln o-nnailoD
rna. Buch r D.ttonal flby sould Dot atop r,fifiG'f"t yo h €r'atuatlnt the need rnd cf'
conountty-Uasea et.hnb Sroup3 fron re.n' ftcttvenead ot ttre Votlro8lll|ntr AcL
Ainlg a"sixare to uroe lcc t'DEtr-Ttth - ntncerelJ,
egEh ttreD othetr. Errh gmups hrve beeu xc Mororrr'
ffiv rvrfriie ior ecb-lmmlnrmt save. g-atorlt qf Ebra
whst-such I pollcy sould cop L thc lurr. (ByJlDShuDwr-y'
don tJrrt fer -e!g1i br1guase g.ouP-t! the *stceldtoruolficerl

' a$ton 8 Sovtmment r8l€nt muat .D€ eD'
ptor.ea or aome foru oi tpvernment-'8slst' glcqr"A.' or Elrec'-

- -[6L mnst b rude onleble to at<l dl-99m- 1;tuJenn4 71o,, lt u g, ,9{r.
Uen wno underst nd bsuBb lB sell tha'n EoL RorGr DaccLotr7,
ttrett'nr,tlveltD8Ege b;mtttte oa tv &d{cfirtt, Houac ol E*

hearglbly, natuntlzcd altlmu -hrlt-P r?Etlto.tlja7*gathtwtoa.D.e.
lea,ra pme ibglsh ln sdcr to r€dve Glti- Dfi- Ii,rnrsErrAilYr UtfrcBE -'wfii
ro*rtp. Before $rb Etlon 80€6 tb€ rry of r"g.r{ to your letter ol June l, 1981, con'
Quebec o" engasC h tJre- Httcr tr"sP.sq ;ffi"g-tttJt"ertost-og q"-9#*t9"jl
irea qurrctr of one of tbe lIlrgrrcd Are Vottng Righ," Act ol llo5'-le re
e1j1a5 dt Indir, I recomneDd t'brt re cell c ;1";d --fortde tb lolleE hlormr
halt t rhtt mny of us lrave lonS_rccog' bou
n|r d r r u6rO.a cxperlrnt. I t.tll'F -ili tl- d q.n tcntrCce qruf,tllr
urge CongreasJo! to exLeDd the Minority FJd&ldEulHoEEatbcA'im"Llt'
Gilsuage-Itovt lons of tlxe VotlDg Rlshts LbrnAS-"3tr'cr

(2, Alt b.Ilot Pr{trt'd h tDc dtB]l€'A*'
rre a oo,b111atJog;iffiutod8pt"'"b

i s*" orgamr', (3) Ttre 6t to erctl @unly l8 o[ oounrc'
mr""lz Arlr- hrg 23, 19g,7. aouiua try tbe double tangu{re PrtDttDS r'e-

Eon. Rorrnr Mcq.orY, qllllelggrfi.
Hol.lE of Re?resentotltrs, -iet il berrc no ctey ol

'tEtEnE!iltn8
tlre

wosht,rgto,\D,c.mrnuerorvot€rsf,hott'irlHrtuallyrrecda
Dl^s t[n. uclcI,RY: ahj8 t8 lD rcq)oDse to uur,:ls""l bsllot, or the numb€r clho gorr'd

your lect€r oi'.1-,i'i'i. is81 rtsadtns btrtD- r"qu;t guch a'bdlot. Eowelnlr. re bpe to
L gr"t ,ot,-g L;"ii'rui io[owtqg-- num- tnirte'r!-t _a ]rocedure tor the 1081
, b€red catenents correspond to your tnqlllr- stsGeE *booi.tnrstee eleEtions th8t slu

-lil
eu of Arlzona b covered utrder bnln- lots'

, gual vottrng ;;i; ioi-spanr"t' r',niEc lrirg coyntv clerts' ar eledlon offlcials

i and four counties ar€ @vered unaei-Gi for the Bbovl',.,ned countieG have ttsted

I provision *;;il; irUr" f-etfca"". 11t" that Earlv p€ople rlth 6nr*sn tura,m€!
,: ,our counttee iiit.J"i,ro, ff-J""1., epacUe, .. offeniei.q dt. l'pllectlon tlnrt tlr€y

i ffifia...--
as v.*ru'vr

couto not resd trdunrt'erlttdElsnsh

I gg$ 0f EitltG'AI' BAU,R t [ll.s-1980

I, rc cr Prt* rY eddtloHl 5c
ab,tlct f.trIIE.

EtE. %*ffi*
gil-rrt ot8tAtr.

Salrrr\ Orw., Jttn tt, tttt'
EorL RolE McCroer.
e;"iitrz oa,tu Jttttllfi,t, HotN al R+

zlgl.tzJjgrl, Wa.el@a. DC-
DE r REaEllrrrvt l.ccLont: Thb b ln

."-o!!c to your rcouest tor lDlotmrtloD'.t"-t ttreittect of the 19?6 blunsiusl btuot
;;d-lil;-t" the YotEa RrsH Aet d
feOs-rn Oregoo dudDs tlre f980prlmry rd
tGrcr.l clGdlor. ArolfhllY.

1. u.rlheur CouDty b the only county tllrl
rep.oddc Ullngrrt hfbtrend cLctloo r'
tl|'itb.

a XuDb€r ol llalbeur CoutY Uruncu'
l.aot.-ett tc*.. iP!'li.rr, aeei I. {fcnc!"d.
!m.
a Cd or rrqrldln3 t&c Ulla9lrl DrEn

fu-Xrffi Llnntv: i- ffit htMl rnq
;iil6uoD& 8.095; b. ceDersl bttlob

'DdlrUtoettoar" fffal
l.

'turdber
ot reqoest tsr ttfnsual bdDot5

r iunr,ry fUctto. & D. Oener8t Ebc'ia'
a.

5- Tlre llrlbeul Countv Vot€r6' P!4elES
Ler{afod& bor& fail.h.Ddaprnh' Itf
oirttnrca to stlrT hourctrold trthh ttl
countv. There ls lddltloDrl cctr lor prld'
trr tg tesrgirU a Prlr.ry Eloctlor' f 2'lI
rrtntt* cct of tfr! @h prrL a,O'tUlJo'
f,- orailft rnecHo+1Lr2{ slnteal; cat d
tbc Sp.rt h D.rt'f 1lJ2E2a

lr voo ctn !e€ fim the dbot'e dtt&lt c-
usfZ:fO Dor uot€ drrrln8 &r fI Hffrt
priilon eha $,zzs per vote durlns t'lrc 1980

Oener8l Electlon to Drovtale bqrqsu+ D8llots
;d eiectid n8tcrtsts. It lE ertrenelv 6tlv
to -.trnptanaat ihe l9il5 biltuu.I hllot
ernfficnts vlttrb our rtdc.

tf xe .,D be of llultcr ttdstE D, Drc
crtrctE

AhecrelY'' R,allorDrlLf.n'Je

8J-^oy6;nt^tq
?carlr" N.B., rtd,?' LUn'

toL ffsrltccl,rr'
-Yc1nbr, lttilbiary Commltbs I1.8. g-o@
- - -

at iiapr"retltotiaes, w ashirtgto,L D' C'

Drar BE: Att cht{ bt gummary of hfor'
-"tr-oi rou rsrca for!n E8ard to bUlngusl
b8Uots.
tt lrDears that therc b ttttle or no use dt

tteoc--U,ttot" 8s eYtoenoed W tie t9-E0

ii"o"t. Cert tntv tfre cost per batlot ls (trfl'
ifft to ,ururv c,n r oct€lfcctirc bcsts.
' Itrtt.h c?erY i,oodslstL

CordlallY, JsE.Bur8"
Wnolbta

til$a dTrd'erid
tunE d+-* -.r- 'lt-4 LE I-IGI clFId
3

fdfii C0ttty
hE. H.*.....*-..........-....'....

3R.9t
f,tg34
,5'!

525

t50
a5{)

981'
r}

tc.

t1.

Rep-

16 in
tlon
rllot
tof
rnd

that
El-

rud
:ML

lotr
and
and

ots
ioL

rlet
Irb
the
Lxt-
150
.10.
;ol
:Ct
rI7
980
lots
;tly
llot

aae

usc

or-
ual

ot
)80
tfi-

October 2, 1981 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD - HOUSE
C0SI 0f ElUtlGl,Al BAII0TS lll MllSlS-l9E04otinued

H 6855

fn$i d
te.dt brbE

fnt d

Xr!!rb, d
$d' UoB h ol Llds lr8.l tilr:tfis

rffi
Iotrt d C6t rr bht

orl conlY:
PtitLaY..........-...
GrIr.|...............

0
I

m0m
957 05
59t.06

1.555 12 31.5s5 l?

I Ilrddill olti, ruE! 0En Ud bnBdi Mht, !tt p.qhoqtsl'0f $d!, brh6ed d $tll
t hr rdd
fd! Iou d d Scrid! HIn m.Ei.l-t5,65tu. lut$, d hbb ydd-$ Osl p Et rotd-t1t8.55

Ot t*ot txa lrtumxrArrr GovERroR,
Honoluh; HaooiL Juw 76,1981.

Eon. Rosmt McC'rrBY.
H otue al Re9rcsmta,tloc*
Warhingtrl\ D,C.

DE D CorcRrssrirr Mc€ronr: [n response
to your lett€r requestLu lntormatlon about
ttre lmplementstioD of the multl-unsud re-
qulrements ol the Votlng Rlghts Act ln
Eawatl re lre eendlng our rreport on Multl-
Ungual Vot€r Educ$tlon lor the 1980 clec-
tlons, Ehlch glves en overall vlee of out ae
tlvlties,

llxe an8sert to your specl'tc guestlolr!
follow:

1, The Votlne Rtghts Act lequtres issrst
ence be glven ln nocsno (tr'Uiptno) ln dl
lour countles, Bswslt, Eonolulu, Ksual, urd
Maul; Japaneee lD Eswail aott Eaual; and
Chlnese ln Eonolulu.

2. We prlnted tacslnllc baUots h the rB
qulred lansussrc lor rll prectncte of each
County. Tlrey wett Dosted tD ell votlryl
booihs !,nd outslde each poulng placc. Votet
A8slstsDce Offlclals lD ee.h preclnct hsd 60
copler to glve to those sho requestpd theE
The totsl nuEber ol sets of facstrnlles (tn
some preclncts vot€ta recelved u ma,ny ra
clght b8llot cards) prtntcd gtsteelde ra!
18,?50 for the Pr:lnsry, rnd 18,6ff) lor the
Generel Bectlon.

8. The cost of prtntlnc the fmslmlts b8l.
lots for tJre klmary Electlon r.s al0,S9a
rud for the General, 113,6f2. Ttrls does Dot
loclude the transletlon co6t8, rhlch setr
13,5(x) for all our multl-llngual sorl lor the
1980 electtons.

{. I regret thst our flgures on the number
ol fs,cslhtres request€d rre not Yery bean-
lDgful becsuse Voter Assl8ta.nce Oltlclsls dld
not keep accur8te rccords. The lltures s,re
on page 0 and l0 of the report.

I hope thlc lxfomstioD slU be of help to
you.

With 8ll grood wishes,
JEAr Kurc,

Llailetonl GooenPr.

orrrcr or rtID LrEutErAIIr oovBxoB,
VorR bucArror 8lcTror-Mur.Tl-Lrrr-
ouer. Vorra EDuc^rlor Ir Erwarr, relo

PUBPIOgl

In compusnce wlth the Fedenl Votlng
Rights Act, as amended ln 1975,8 Multl-Lln-
lnral Voter Educatlon prosraE was desltned
and implemenied to help meet the needs ol
the lanSuaae Elnorlty groups tn Easali.
The Plliplno nocanlsDe8klng DopulatloE
E8s covered stste-s/tde. In the Clty/County
of llonolulu. Bervices are provlded for the
Chlnese: and oD tr8ual snd Essatt for the
Je,panese.

OBJDCfTVE8

To provlde Multl-Ungusl Vot€r Educstlon
Bnd lnfornBtlon to l8nauaae Elnorlty
8roup8 as mandsted by tlre vRA sEend-
hents of 19?5.

To me*rlDl voier rcgjstration, psrticlpr-
tlon and lnt€rcst.

To provtde r better understsndina of lDdl-
vtdual vottng rlghts and responslblutle&

To lamlliarlze the trrget troups xdth the
electoral pr@es8.

To coordtnate the translatlon of tn orma-
tlonal hrterlsls Er the h8ndsted languages,
coverlng subJect mstt€r pertatnlng to yot€r
registratlon and electlons, rrtat to mske thls
materlal easlly undergtood and readily !.-
cesslble.

To utulze the Eass medle !a t meang ol
reachlng the people,

To provlde outreach sorkers an<t poll
workeE lluent ln msndated lancuages.

To Dro!'lde gervlces to the County glerks,
lncluduns coordtnst[u of the translBtloD of
thetr materlals, and supplylng tJrem slth
language m8tcrtsls lor yot€r reSistrstton
rnd the electlons.

To accompllsh these objectlv€s slth mlni.
muE budget and dafl.

INOGRAI
Ituttl-Unwal adtlsory groupt

Ilocano, Chtnese lDd Jspsnese Advlsory
OrouD! wetr toraed' composed ol respected
Ixdlvlduals who were hEoommended to us by
thelr peen. Acttng llr tn idvlsory cBpaclty,
the8e 8roup8 lerved rs r llnt wlth the lBn-
gu8ae mlnorlty communltles tn helplng uE
to det€rElJxe the need for our s€rvices. We
prepared r glossary of common election
terms tn Engllsh shlch the committees
translsted [lto lti,ndsrd terms ln thelr re'
cpectlve la,Dsuages. In additlon to helplna u8
let up stsndards for the future translstioD
ol lnlormrtlon8l E8t€rtal, tJre commlttees
aDssered r questlonmlre that ve prepsred
shlch provlded us slth valuable lnslghts

-e,nd suggestlons.
Ad!'rsory jroup membera

Flllplno: Amy Agb8ysnt, Dlrector, Oper-
atlon MAI{ONO, Unlverslty ol Eacrstl; JBke
Manegdeg, EectloD Adl'lsory Committee:
Amado Yorc, wrlt€r end columlst lor llawall
I'illplno NewB end ESPA; Paclta Saludes,
President, Gt MILT and orga,nlzstion of nG
cano writett ln E8sall.

Chtnese: Sister &rrest Chung, Catholic
SociBl s€rvlces; welton WoD" Chtnese
Chamber of Commerce; Dr, Danlel Kf,rock.
Department of rrlrtory, Unlverslty ol
Ilasali; Mr. YteWeng Law, Chtne.se schola,r
end teacher; Wstr Chsn Ttrom, retired busi-
Dessman rnd oommunlty lesder.

JBpanese: Earuml Oshita" Radio Ststlon.EJ?,OOi Roy K. Soga, Prestdent, Ilagail
Tlmee, Ltd.; PsuI S. Yempuku, President,
Eesall Eochl; Joanne Ninomlya 8nd Eliza-
beth Kelttr" trsnslstors and broadcasteB
Krrru_Tlr.

Tvotulations
Our ofllce contmct€d s'lth the llawsll As-

soclatlon of Lan8uage Teachers (EALT) to
do the necessary translatlons. Ttre coordina-
tlon of many electlon materials to be trans-
lated for our otflce and the Countles was
done by Multl-Llngual Voter Education. we
tsslst€d tn the final preparatlon, printtns
snd shlppinS of electlon m8teri8ls to the
Counti$ slth the cooper8tlon ol the Loeis-
tlcE Sectlon.

The tr8nsleting, typesettlng, prlnting
and/or reproduclng of electlon D8terials in

three languagee covered en exien6lve rsnge
Bnd tncluded:

Brochurea. llrers, lact sheets, election
Droclcrnatlon, gtaterlde dtstrlct and polltng
places, scrlpt for slngle Dsrty prlmary 6ude
show, public !€rvlce anDouncemeDts for
radio and t€levlsloL &sentee votlng
lnstructlons snd appllcatlons, newspaper ad-
vertlsementa, county electlon lnforaatlon.
and news releases.

Pefionncl
Two outreach peEons, Andrea Bsptlsta

Bnd Forentlns (Tlna) Rttsrtta, wetr hlred to
develop 8 Dmtra,m for the llocano,sDeakinSr
people. Llly Lu sas chosen to do our Chi-
nese outreach. As cre were Bware thst there
sas t treed lor vot€r educatlon lsslstance
sithln the Samoa^n Communlty, Veronlca
Barber sas enlist€d to help there. Although
Ee dld not h8ve a Detron cpec[lc8Uy hlred
to do J&p8ne8e outtesch (a,nd sere not m"an-
d8ted to do ro bere tD Bonolulu), our out-
reach workere set! rlway8 anppued xrlth
Eaterlrls thet had been tnnslat€d lnto J8p-
anese, alrd these were dlstrlbuted when
neoessa.ary, AndreB had s full-tlme posltion
and tJre others worked 20 hourg per week.
f'umt Nltt8, who rorked as 8 translator &nd
Vot€r Educatlon outreach person ln ihe
past, *as evallable for cert8l8 (rccaslons.

Tralntng and tupellslon of pcnonnel
Orlentatlon/brleflng-type meetlnSs were

held for 8ll Mufd-Uneual sorkers, Bock-
gound dmd cunent inlormatlon was shared,
tcachllxS tools a^nd materlals aDd presents-
Uon technlque8 crene disclrssed" Target
Siroups and areas wele reaes,rched, 8nd lndi-
vldual actlon plans crested. Because se
srglg limllsd ln peEonpoxrer rnd tlme, we
Bsr€ed to try to put s speclal emphasls on
sf,itizrng the lanSuese medla rG the best
method for reaching the largest number of
people.

The Supervlsor Dolorrs Tsukano re8iularly
met separat€ly Erlth each lanauage nepre-
sentative. Although there were meny tlmes
shen they sould Joln forces to B:ive presen-
tations ln a situstion where speakers ol all
three or four languages were represented,
thelr most lmportant challenge sas to con-
centrate on their tndividual are8s, Bnd to
reach people who sere not part of organized
groups.

MITLTI-LTNGUAL votER ruc^tror rAtEBtAts
Our Voter Edueatlon lnformational mate-

rlEls were translated from English lnto the
various lan8uages elther throush our con-
nection with HALT or by the outnea.h
workerr themselves. They were eager to
have as m8ny teachlnS tools 8s pqstble, end
ln Bome lnstances crested theh owlr. The
Single Party Hmerv Slide show wlth nar-
ration ln English and llocsno was apprecisC-
ed and utilized. Lerge qu8ntlties of printed
EsterialB ssrc dhfrilut€d on O&hu, snd
also sent to the corurtles. ln Eonolulu en es-
tin8ted 6300 pieces of flocano llterature
sere dlstrlbuted, ?00 Chinese .nd 600
Samoaru

E CttO OONGTBSSIONAL RECOBD - HoIIiE e*ob I $A*h*'!--*-6$. ffiffi
,,ptErE.,^'or PnocDEEE :ld#i:t*:trffi;*ry

strrriese r'dro r'"o,.o.D^ttor'
,

'atr'*.x"frffiffiH*Higffi.tu**$gffiffi
.nd cveD rllectlon lD ml

H#*S. ffi,fmUp*:ry g'rcf"1.',i=f;o1"i"i?Hri*-*rp"a -';d=;i=iltii"" ro'd€d--ooDc'eDta'c

ffifu a.""a?Ilii;,r?.f,1-';;: 'na*;,";#&ffi-Hfffi
*?"f#aiJ:'m-pg,,--^n,d #trifffi." o,*rcr.h m:.tlB,n"tJs,"Jf"-rn"r..-ffiffiffi;"8 iro rto"c rDd dlcrlbutod 'ben tloffi;-*,ffi,,# $serrnrdc oI ourSlDal€ffigffi sffitrffi
mm.m,r*Iffip m..;6pgp,6:68:,8 B'Etrf,

-'ffi
ffi:"ffi*ffmffi*ffift;";-elffi:5"-H ffiffiffi{"iffi :ffi * m;6g;.u.*o*%ffiffiIffiffitrr ffiffiffiffi

: ontstCe tltc
s'*'**'ffi

1r". ffitHt #.cuhercare,weereesr=dtbd.re
mA:fnr r=vlceed Ort

the d. tryg.llll_*H-ri,ltr; cpgryrrlre3rln ErEl^
orrt tiioi"tro* done bv FoD-k

curstcd €rort to Iqffi :,*Iffi
"tt$.#*,,qtryIt{.*Wf *f.f$,ffi 1", j'g$:ffi?i;,'U'q"",ityorour_trans,aedn'

#ffi fiil"-.a"&- re r trud" due to ;i'i'ieasins"*qT*sH!5s#ffim=tr-ffi .F,:"Fffi[{t.-ffiT'T";.Ldil Drturdfrcd'du
ffi*"iiEt*v Ls, a bcrus€ of tle.esstra :
ri-..iiffi6," rs r*BfJ.iEi ffi"m:frroffiru'-Ai ffi 5H
rrl,s gbo hate Dd
rce& In tneir ourc;;-ihtiouna.sert Lor-.r* to uc traaarateo tnto- 9139t1 patt*i-"fimttrrBsEhs';G,"-6"-."d"*Hsm:_1EHffi#Fffi^',rffi ffir46"316rymr*raJrs.ticlaetloo rmong thffi;;; *- -t-*;fffi,g5fm Ef-,;ol-ir""*-y* 13r-i-""rye o.t -ra6.*_oo" Frt'tlme pGrttorL

o1 PliPinos esPiring I

pinos do not reB*y ,r"di;G-bra-toio out ffi,r"U5lffiffd Goo'"'-o"" ndflli posttrn'

mi'et*,"*{pryfsffi
"iiiit w"z'x,f/'d,llr,oJ,x'}dtrctttdid rr olf 8"q"p."-lf=*,yl iorn re-o**%*

Chillr:iotbeth
IJlls tII E E lrtsal cldce u a lePFe'

ritiuil t" tl" cuo"- @mmtnity lron
frii?ifu' -'d ttcre b ff 9"bt-H*i#";,r*ffi ffir--"ffi H#Hffffi,ffis:d;:i,fisFH*ni, ffiII#ctoDe, bld Erer brffiffiflffi ffiffi;}i"$$.Hffiffi
*rf '.ffi*'.Hftuninr-r95'f nr-

"#";t;;G'
8nd also distributed llt€rarure

,
I

r
I

;

)

BrltrosAi VotII Atsr.t^rct ar rrII Pout'
le80

trt.lroulr. wlr Alautrrca ot'Icllll
DurtDs tie le00 Pttmrry .Ixt O€nerBI

Eec,tlonr ln tbc Strt ol Etwdt butncurl
eot r udtt ncc rer provldcd rt tllc Dolls ln
eccordrne rtth thc Yottnt Rlsht Act
Am€ndmcnts of 19?6, In tttc CltY lDd
@unt, ol Eoaolulu, t&e Olfte of ttrrc llcu'
Enrnt SwGflror tEnrltL{ and trrlned Gt U'
XDcudly ptDnderit rortert to serve to tar'
eted ptrdnctr throushout Orhu. Io moct
tnstr,ncca, thele pcople held thc paluon ol
Voicr Aldttance Offlclal, lDd lD ot.hett'
they were PrectDct Officlsls wtlo could bc
cellcd upon to Slvc l8rtguaSe ldgletaace
rhen lt vrr nceded-

tBtttrl F?prntloa lo tlrc rccrultucttt ol
b0lncu8l olflclrlr bcarn rtttl tJle rcvlcr ol
btllngusl dats lrm t&c lYrC tDd lgrt Gl*
Uoil, aDd hrtht lrorectloDr berc{ m the
nort rent E3rdr.ttott, Dopuletloa ud
o8turrltsttloa ltsflttlca.

Co@pcred ?tth tb. t6 bilUngud ottr ddt
*to ?ere u.Gd tD thc l9r8 clcctlm.' otlt
@venr8. rt tbc Dolb tn 1980 har doubled.
of te.6t mle, t0 een! Docrs B.rIIns.
rnd rerc tdgtod to pndrts tn drdcta 16

thrcugh 22, rad h tlre 2Gth dlttrfc'L CbfDec
assi:stance was prpvlded h Dlgtrlc'ts tf ud
l? by Dtne Cantonese spealfnS workers. A
need rrr rnttclpetcd urd nllcd for Jlpanese
rsdsttncc !l l)|strtctt 10. ll tod 22. Samoa.n
biungual asslstsnce vu lrovided to D|}
ffi Y2 rDd tt. ID.ddltlE to our olflcldlv
Ele(,ted btttngurl ?ortert at tlrc DoUa we
brd Frny prcclnct worEetr wbo cqrld apeat
r lanSuSt otber than EDsllsh clttr€r @'
verrrtlonrll, or h pldgtq rblch Cro hclped
rlur tr.e esls.att oD of procedurea at tJre
pollr

STAIE tr |TTAI 8[TSI'AT VOIET ASSSTATfr

stAlHlot slffilAf,Yr

Fhrr.H l$l

Octaber 2, 1981

IrS.hd SruIE IoUl 0a
.si$umE tsil lrr

Or.!itt'E.ildr---- 201 ta 5a l.in3
lhrta-.--*-.._tr---.-6

B-.-.-.-_ m5 u0. 6ll lla

CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD - HOUSE
STATT Of HAIYAI BItJilq'A[ VOTEf, ASSISIATTCI

SIAEtrllf, SlrtilmYr-ffind
fln.lfi Btol

sr, lrtlUtm
trtE E Fc

'tB t a G curE* I E D E I lr EE iltor
klss rt rE d tlr brcr otot rtn dd S ltcd!
hG ol &Itut drr I rJt ca tE&8 ra iEul*t! [
Gililt

ArresrmrrB
D.rcrron ExpErDIIuBrt nr CorLrnrc Wrtn
m VorDro Rros:r Ac: A.sororrt or
lg75

1980
Norr-Uader t&e Votlng RtSht Act,

Srsutl ls requtred to provl& Egistntion
and voting notlces, lotms, tnstnrtiorrr r+
rlrtrEr or other mrtcrtrb or lnformrtlon
rctetlns to tJr€ electorel prooeao lrludlnc
b.llota. to tJre lan8uaSe of tb€ "applica'ble
lenfuue EtDodty 3roupc)" rs sell as ln
the EDSlish lrngugc. Tbe "rppltcs'ble lsD'
guaae mlnortty Sroup(8)" ln EsErll ere: Do
crDo lD rU Counde.; JIDIE h Basall.nd
Elurl Countles: r,nd Chlncre b tlre CIW
ad Coonty of tloDolulL

19t0 gilman aid cercrul dettottt
Facslmlle b&IloE ......--.-..--.-129,1t t.90
IDstructioDs: Posters, flyers, sude

show, brochure8
Itewspaper Ads
PersoDnel Blllnstlal outreacb

workers tn tlre offlc€ ol the Lleu-
t€nant GoverDor and butncu8l
voter assistence omdalr Et the

{,13{.89
6,3{3.96

H 6157
oountler havtng l,rt Indlen populrtloD o, llve
percent or grrerlcr, i,Dd prlDt d letal Dotls
concernlnS t&e cbctloD. qlc do Dt brve oa
record the cort to the countl€. lor provldlng
btllngu8l bruott. For the Senenl electlon
10Eo, ttrc l.gtslaturc ptovlded 1f00,000 to
the gecretary of Stat to prlDt the docu-
hentr requtrcd to be bUlngual, out of vhlch
$0,ffi0 rar rllocated by the Eecretary of
St8te to the counttes to supplcocat srDcnd-
tturea for the bulqturl Prlntlng o( the bal'
lots. Au ballots thet ere prlnted" bcludlng
ballot strlpr for votbrfr m.rchlnea, cbergency
paper ballots rnd rbsealtee b.Ilots, rcailstra-
tton lorzrr rnd lnriructloDrl Erterld& rre
billngusl. The votct, thcrcforc. doer not
heve to rcqucst hdrvldusl blltngud ballots
stnce all ballots rre b[fngual The Eecetary
of Statc'r olftce rDent s totrl ol llti!,fiX) for
tJxe 1980 prlmsry cletlon rrrd |10o,O00 lor
the 1980 general electlon to meet tle bllln-
lud requlremeoL

For your hIoEatlm" we r,ne cmlGlnsr I
Roster ol State of New Mexlco El,ectlve
Stst€, L.glslittve, D'btrlct rnd ColEty Olfl-
ctala for 198l-1082.

If re can Drovldc further lnfotlnrtloD,
pleas€ call oD us.

Eincer€ly,
Rrrnrry BOO1lgI,

. _*braalslota
Fronor Dt'rarrorct ot SaArB

Junc 1Z 1981.
IIor. Roannt Mccrcit,
U.S. CongraE na;t\
Washtwtat D.C

Dnrn CorcnrasrArr lltccrcrv: Tbls will a.-
knowledge rcceipt of you! lett$ drte(l Jrme
1, 1081, w"lth reference to t.!re Votlng Rl8lhts
Act of 1965.

I hrve erLed . meEber of by staff, Urt.
DorotJry W. CUssoD, Deputy Secret8J, for
IxecttoB, to rcspood to ,our cot,eoond-
€!r. You Sould rccclve r rlep\y lroE lllE"
Gllsrn ln the next reeL

If rpe mey be o( ltrrther lsdstt^Bot, feel
boe to edl uDoD this ot tcc.

Elncerely,
GEonct Frarsrotc.

S@retory otstttA

Eoorrs BLut" COUIIY Corur.atorEu,
Ciqltg Nebr., turv rl, ,CEr,

Eon. Rogmt McClonv,
H ousc o, fup rcrettotioes,
Committee on 0P Jltdiciary.

DEAa Cotcnrssrrx McCtoern It ls my un-
derstsndlDs thrt the Juittciery conmlttee ls
oonsid€rlna elt€o.rlng the erplratlon date of
the 19?6 bifhrual bsllot. SlDce Acotts Bluft
County L tbe only county h tfrc datc of
Nebras&.s rcqulrcd to heve r blllngud
brUoL Leel lt ls epproprlrte lc romcone
close to the situation to eommeEt on ttre
mertts of thls lssue.

As fr. rs wc here ln scotts Bluff County
are eoneemcd thc bltrcual ballot has very
few beneflts and a Dumber of drawbacks. To
lny kno\rledae, not oDe Ecotts Bluff County
rc.il&nt hrs l.rred thc bilnrurl b.Uot slnce
tt rar rcq,rfred by lrs. It brs cod our
courty r freat dcd ol Boney rt r the
rheo fuDds rre ehort. thg mrjorlty of
Mexlcea-Amerlcan Deople ln Scotts Bluff
County ltr rlso opposed to the ballot !ilncr
thelr ancestry goes bac}, ln the communlty
about f orty-flre years.

lcu{ il,
lStur.

poDr................ .......-. 15,?50'0{
Translsttou.. t,500.00
Colmty cxpm-Oortr c@nEtdgltb Ctr'rter ADenfu€Dt+

Rcglrtrlfroa, Gtc;
Essrlt Couaty-.--- 8lr5'00
Kaual county ....- 1,1E3.80
xardcountY- - 1'12'03
Ctty rDd Cormty ol Eonolulu

-_
lr4!!

Total CouDty erpeDses
-...-

{,(rr}{,83
Tot J Btsteslde costs....-.-.* 82,538.42ffi6-t&--{.irrBI

}50ff-.....-_
h.ai-..--__ .-..-..-

a .-.....ta aI

rhitEdd lrEhLblYfrreUb
I!.t*rh o ff t b lrilalI ofu$ G! ie$d b ncd
lE Es { arilE tsr h rl' crr lurilS E iil?leb r
lEErrtlrll

sIATt tr H WM mrfi' L wIE lss,slAtfi
SIATEIT1DI S'IIIMAf,Y I

@.H ttsll

lilrf,F frDl rt
-ttrEMG !C'D EG

ord Eiira,H/.-.*....-*.- lllh..__-'- ttrsi--.--.- 0

gr^tl Or NIIIJ' rrErCO
Orrrcr or rB EbcaErAnY or BtAnt,,

rga,e.b Fc. N. Aa-, Jtnc 75, 7081.
EoD- Ro!E? X&er.o8r,
U.S. CongrerE,
VarhlngtDr. D.e.

DtAr CbrosBilrr Xcerc[?: Thanl You
tor you lett r of June 1, 1081, tn rblctl you
toqulre how the lgl0 blltnsurl bcllot
rErcryrhatr to tlre Vottng Rtghta Act of
1965 brve rllectad Nee Iedco.

All 32 couDtt6 tn tb€ Strt of Ner Mexlco
rre reqdred undcr tJre Federat Votitr8
Rights Act Amendments to provide blltn-
cu.l bruot b BFnlgh end Euillrh. There
r,rre rll couDuer ln x€r Medco h rbtch
ord f8nbtloDr rre provlded b the tnrloua
Indlsn dlalcc,ta rt tlre potttng pllce @ cl€c
tlon dry bccurlc tbe bn8urg€s rle tndi-
tfoDrlly unrrttLa-

Tbe Ner lf,exlco L€glElrture lpproprlilts
1150,000 ln the Secr€tsry of State's budget
to prDvldc lnstFrcttoDs r.d oth2r druD€nt
lor the prtbrry clectlon tbrt l'e requlred to
be HUnsu.I In 1e80, thls olflcc ttrlbuted
t50,0?0 to t-he count'les, ThIcJr rDurt prpvlde
Hllngud b.llotx, as nrppleDcDtal DoD€y to
offset the cost of prlntlrs tb€ bsllots, pr(>
vlded translstors a,nd tra,nslatlons ln tJ1e slx

15 t.a t.250alraS25211
Idi-- -t

hra Gsi*o--.hitl}
H

htar-**..---*- 6l .-.....--.

H 6858 CONGRXSSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE Octobr 2, 1981

{

_ As . ttpt^esentatlve - ol - +otts Btuff ' llnguelly rnd has hBd lnterpreterr ovattable Whercar: gcottr Btutt County ha! ln DertCounty, I Drefer to rce ledrletlon concern- rt all electlons rlnce recelvlng nottflcatlon clecttoru Ueen tn compttance Ain tne
-nrf.

tn8 txry b[lnguel ballot repealed. ol belng covered by latd rct, and tngs or rUd votmg niifitr ecta rna,Elncerely' Wherneas: Ecotts BIuJf county ha.s deter- irherear: Ecottr Blutt County hel uow de-
Ct.rrr Monnr8or Elned that preparlng and prlnilng all regl+ termlnod Uret tirl[e preparailLn arrd DrtotScottt Blulf Countv commlsslonat trotlon 8nd-electlon-mateitats. nottces ino tns;i rtt resl8tnuon-tnd itection metcrlala

bellots bl-ltngually has baterlslly tncreaeed lor the puncb card yotlng lygtem uled Il
Gmnro, NrB., the oost of eleetlons 8nd thst havlng all tn- Scotts Btufl County, the cort of electton

Jtnu 15,,981, tormatlon prlnted ln both lantuages on the rnd r€lst d votcr reClstiruon har doubted
Roarnr Mcer,ony, baUot has cnested contuslon snd llowed because of th€ blltnguel requlrement and,
Commilte on the Judlclory, down the vottng procedure thus csustng Whereas: gcotts Bluff Cbunty has deter-
WoshinCtorL D.C, publlc reseDtment and hhed th8t ln those electlons hetO wtttr ttre

DrAn CoNcnrssuAr trloBlnr McCr,ony: I Wher€as: Scotts Bluff County Commls. blUngual requtrement there wa"s no lrutance
}m Eesp'oDding to the lnqulry you hBde of stoners have determlned that ln those elec- of sny us88ie of the !€cond lsnlusge ob-
Secrctary of State Allan Beerman regardlng -ttoru held ln compllance wlth the bl-UrxCual rerved and,
whst affect the Votlng Rlghta Act ol 1965 -requlrement there wa.8 no lnstence ot eny Whereas: It was observed thet provldtng
has hed on the State ofNebraska. usage of the second language observed by the bltnSu8l aervlces was regsrded by Erost(1) Scotts Blutf County ls the only Ne- tny of the electlon olfictals st the polllng Mexlcan-Amerlcaru ln thls sres as en tnsuttbraska County requlred to lmplement the places, nor was the s€rr.lce of the interpret- to thelt. tntetUgjnce-rna AeCradlnS t thebtlkUual ballot! Populatlon-88,3{{; ers requested, and lnage ol ttretr e-thnlc group, - --(2) l?,000 b[lnguBl bsllot8 needed tor an whereas: Dursuant to sectlon 32-460 tf,ereiore ue fi rieret] resolved that:electlon: R.R.g. 19,13 as revlsed, any pe-rson unable to Scofu8 Bfutf County ts hde*lah requeslng(3) Cctr to taxpayer: 1080 prlmary elec- read the bsllot on electtoD lnformatlon-may g"natoi Edwarrt 6rh8kt-a'A-Senator J.Uon-11?.0?3,28 1980 general electlon- have ttre asslstance of a member- o.f hl,B Jaiee i:xon, nepresentettve Vi"g1ol" Smrtn,18,0{{.68: famlly, a frlend" or an elecilon-officlal tn nepresentative inuSfi-B€reird and RefF(a) Requests lor bllLngual ballot-none. cssttng hIE baDot, thereby futftltng _.!ury ii;itsiive .forrn Civanauiir-to--pport tn"r have enclosed three (3) resolutions need of .ny pergon unable io read thi Ed- itto"ta orse"ato, &i:E ;;lffijo tr,t utuadopted by Scotts Bluff Commleqloners and llsh la,ngued, and 16 a,Eend tne ibtfru--nfgtrfiTcf of 1965 todlrect€d to r€presentatlves ln Congrcss for ![hereas: lt has been ob6en.ed.that.prG, iilp".f-&rt i" requlrements relsttng to bl-ac'tlon. AII heve r€melned donnant. vlding t5e elecflon noilces and bBUotsu:ltn- ifi;l8l aection ,.if"f""-u"t".-'-'we leg of you, PLEASE remove thts ft- cuauy tB regarded by most Mextc&n-Amerl

ffiH:HrJ1'frrffiiffr'?:y' countv E5f;x..Hffifff#n:Hi;"ffI; rhcErcAxpoil^or.ren*
Evrry1 Munm, --iioy

ttrerirore be lt herebvresorved that: f.r#?tffiabo^mtttze an,u Jit,,-Scottt Blulf Counfu ebdc the fbotts Bluff County Coir
herewtth rcquestrtu 8""d'Sf'tlffS; *:'sp& ii ffii;'iiq vo*'

*ffi:ffiffiffiffiffi*ffi
DE a StsRlsraav or Srerr BEmx.axn: T1te tioD artd election materials. Shte of l[Ichlgi8n 1te quesuoDs slll be a.n-Judcisry Commltt€e of the Untted States

gouse oi nepresentatrvee ts currentty trota- Rrsorurror lwered rerletim:
trg hea,rlncs on ttre extenslon of tbe voilng Trhereas, the census Burea 1' The 6smmunlues ln MlchieaD eovered
Rishts Act-ot 1065. As r part-oi.inr^ iiien: rol'u" Dep8rtmenr o, ,*riL*nlllX'rfX bv .bi-unsusl requlrements oi-Feoerar ras

exteDd t&e oxpintlon dat€ of the 19T6 btliJx. comes lrnder
-tfre

requtrements- of gecuon
sull bsUot a,meurrmenta fron tlreh curent rrtl and 29g(c) of tfd ioifii nigt-t" iil oi e,nry {S r..* n O r,6d !, rd1. tr*rrl086expiratlond8t4to19j9l^,^''.-_-,_reos'qsanendedbvtrrevoib'-nigntsac[

I am wrttlDs to request the followlng ln- of f-gZA, rna

l?H?&"",.ffiry,"iffi,:*H,,ff"yJi ",mX*HB,#J,,:,:H,*lii",*,,H
ffil:: ,,i18 ffi*--Wffi::::ffiUDsusl ballots and electiorir a usuns or trre Xlffiilft'*** H:"XlXg:*nriGects,e"o ohpera..... ,r/ s,i;iffi hFrffi.......-hi,

sblch must irovlde b[insuar baDok and thepreparationandprinune#i:t":Xt* ffi..:::. ,i:Eil ffi_::::ffi*;-:::#election haterials;
(z) rhe number or brinsuar bsuots print- *t *itil1l:1"ff'*lfrt%":ti Til"* !!r; .. j:trI ffi;[W_ Hiff*- ffi

t,+, qedtionBr d :.{r*I*:g.l\"_y. 9i#l'l';-tf"ffii'ljm:lt$,f,,*"*m:
Sagnar""" till ffi"? "- ilH*;::::: ffi

Itngual ba,llot In theee cc
mary srectisnsj <u r e"""J-di#ii+:

- _ :- : *#.T,XrI"B::liflS,*r
county, vrth e({) the arrm}srof requests for these ba.l- +^*-i

lotsandEaterislsduringl: :---.------ -- rorarpopulatlonotSS'398. lncuredacostof 2. The cost of printing bsllots end other
nrank vou r *,'"*'?3,"ff1,"o1"1r* t;!'lssb't**tt*r.r "-t8u;tsi; ;m:y.g:tjl**Jlstffil,*tthis mEtt€r. It will EBk

owh evaruation or *;' Xffii,'""""iJ'Ti ,#::,X,i["n,:",;*f;ffi:t**"1?j* 11 :ilifgtri".fg[i"iia-,Ttii'i tn" p""-
these laws,

sincerely yours, the bilingual requirenent there was no fur- 3. This office has not required the coun.
BoBrt McCr.ony. stance of any usage of the second language, ties lnvolved to furnish cost data stnce 19?6.
u"iii6iddit'ot' oo{r,""uror"

re lt hereby resolved rhat, l},He:"f$*?,"",ffL'r'rilH'A: }t"Snusilrox E#n."*lill1,"f;"Hl &TLTIriffi *H'ftii"T3*TT*'dil;:,'dtn*;
Whereas: CeDsus Burcau information lor ExoD and Representatlve Virsinis Srnith to of supplies lurntsheal Uv iocaf- tinfts wasthe DepartDent of Jttstice has determlned support 8. 63 amendtns the Voting Rishts 3?,993.60. In thBt vear ifie spanish ballotsthat &otts Blulf County Nebrasta comes Act of 1965 to r€pea} certaln requlrements and supplies were

-used
Uv A6-p€"sons totalunder the requlreEents of Sectlon { (f) a relatlng to bifingual electlon requirements, tn three-elecilons (two primarl6j ana t gen.

and 203 (c) of the VottnS Rights Act of 1965, eral election). ft ,s ass'umeO ttrai tfre cost
?{ +--ended by the Voting Rights Act oI \t/trereas: Ttre CenEus Bureau hfonm8tion has lncreased due to tnflauon ana tnat tfre
L9?5 8nd for the Department of Justlce determlned use of the Spa,ntsh ballot has noi tncreaseo.

Whereas: Scotts Bluff CouDty has been ln that Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska, 18 {. See answer to 3.
*PP^t93T,1t!-!!9 Ir+"c. of 88ld voths under the requrlements ot sectlons- {fN Mtchigan has Bome partlcutar problemsRlghtsct 88 rhhended bv prlntlng rnd and 203(c) of the Votlrilg Rlghts Act of 1065, with the VRA aa tt oppfies to Ut-ttnhrat tfratpuburshtng all Dotlce6, materials and bs'Uots as rmended by the Vottng Rlghts Act of other ststes do Dot. first: negfstraiion unitsrelative to voter resistrstion and votlrxg bl- l9?5, and, h Michtgan are ttre ctties and towDshlps.

981.
P!!t
ruI.

r de.
)rlnt
rrlals
)d ttr
ctlon
rbled
d,
eCer-
r the
anoe
I ob.

ldlng
m06t
tsult
tbe

Urat:
stlDg
,r J.
nlth,
Rep-
i the
s blll
15 to
o bl-

8r.

htdt-
7a.srt

the
rof
been
sked
f bl-
r tlre
e en-

rered
low

B{t

*
El.

tn
dr.'
ET
iln.
dt
dr
l9l
dr

rther
s ln-
)d is
pre-

oun-
l9?6.
.Ilots
st oI
fur-
cost
EAS

'llotslotal
8en-
cost

; the
rsed

lems
that
[nits
hlDs.

&bber 9, 1981 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
(1) f lt ttus of tb? countlc. 6 rrrds

rnfin- murt provl& btrlDgust ballots and
eleetlon metcrldr;--iil ttre nunb.r o, blltnctnl buots prtnt'
cC-iSl tt

"
ddltlonsl cost ot provldtng the bl'

trngual btuot, tn therc countla for:
(r) prtDrry el€cuoD.;
(b) cenersl electtonr;
iat ih; numbe. of rcquettr tor thea€ bal'

lots and mst€rl8ls durlng the electlon'--Thenl you br rdvance for your help ln
tirG metter. It wlu make posslble a thor'
oGrr--

"u"t""tton
of the effectlveness of

these laws.-SlGtllY Youtt,
RoBB? MCCLoRY'

Uembet ol Corl,grer.l

atArr o, wllooirrtr aErtfooAl. VOrrIcG
ciorxurrrrlE

Town ol Xlrbvll]e, Fottst @unty Davltt
CampUeU, To$n eterk" Route 1, Crandon
}{520.- fown of Bol'tna" OutsgB[rle County:
ririri. Ratrcb, Tosm ClerX, Route 1' thloc'
ton 5{1?0.--iown ol Onelda' Out^eeomle county: Mrs'
Uarte Van De 8ru838" fown Clerk, Route
t. Oneids 5{155.-'ctii of Bgvsa.rd' sawver coun-tv: Rolf
wiuiimson c;ity ctert' Cltv EsDi Elavward
ff8{3.

Ar.:a !rv, N.Y-
JurE 9' 1981.

H 6859
rlon of thc Plrerto Rlcsrl eduetlonal ayEt E
to rssure Ensusb nueDcy tor lt studcntl"
The reuef lD tbe oourt ordem nry be too
brosd to be elfectlvc ln dl cu€8.

I Bm !€ndlna @9lc ol your letter rDd ot
thlB resporEe to tbe Erocuuve Dtrcctor ol
the New YorL Clty Borrd o, tlectJsrr re'
questlng that they lurnfrh you slttr spctttlc
eost ttsuret ln rernrd to bpleDcntlDa tbc
.trtutory Drof,ErE tn t'beh tbrec coYered
countles.

Wc would bc afld to hwe onc ol our lcSal
or admlnlstrattve at ff conlcr rlt! your
counsel ln Srrshington cepedelly lf your
commlttec rould bc 'rtulns to rc'lDbun€ ur
for the c6t of hlt $terdrnce.

I thlnl lt lr hportrnt to dnf, s cereful
dtsttnctlon bctr€cD proanEs whlch eceL to
sglst dlaartvrntrged peo,glc fully to Drrtlcl-
DCr€ ln the dcmc'ruc foorr! sd thF€
rhlch mey t

'rd Durpcedly to Derpetrd€
anltunl dllferencea

Very truly Yours,
OroratY. PAr,E

A rsls ta'[, t E @ttiloc Dlr@ t or.

Ar.rrrv, N.Y-
Jane g ,987.

Mrs. Brrtr Dor.Er,
Execr.til)e Dtq*br, Nm Yot* Clty Boaril ot

Electlorr"s, Neu Yorrc, N.Y.
Duar Bre: Enclosed please flnd E copy of a

lett€r addressed by Concresshqn Robert
Mc€lory, rauklDs Republlcan member of
the Eouse Judtctery Commlttee deslrlng to
have inJorm8tion on the cost of lmplement-
tng tbe bl-UDSurl votlng progra^E

I have lurnlshed r parual rDsller' oopy
enclosed- Would you Dlease send hlm en
answer to questloDs "3" rnd "{" together
s/ith sny epproprlst€ suggeationr or ob*r'
vations on ttrc Proerams.' VerY truly Youn'

GEonGE V. Per.um'
r{ssistazl b.et tioe Dir*tot'

PIDNRE' S. DAT.
Juru 70,79EL

IIon. Roamr McCLoal,
Member oJ Congress,
WaddngtorL D.C.

DBAI Corc8D3sxrrl lltccrD8t: In re@nse
to your letter of JuDe ld rehtlve to ert D-

rioi ol the 1y,5 b[tngua] b.llot rneDd'
Eent6 to the Votlna Rtghts Ad ot 1965' I
submlt tJre foUowbxsl:

1, Eouth Dakotl does not prodde bllin'
gual ballots. T'lxe Irkota lrnSuige b trot r
sritten longuage'

2. 3, and {. The Bnsser ls none.
South Dakots countiee th&t heve r

number of Indian voters provide lnterpret-
ers Et the polls to comply with the Votlng
Rights Act. Some of the voters feel thb 16

an tnsult, sJtd the use ot the int'erpretrrs ls
mtnimal.

We do trsve 8 law that permlts a Yottr to
have someone of thelr o\rar chol'ce lsslst
them ln marklng thetr ballot' I really teel
that with that prof islon ln our lerli. thcrc [s

no neea lor the interpreters' To Ety Lnocl-
edge, there ls no languege barrier problem
in our state.

Slncerely,
(Mrss) ArreE KurDl*a'

Secretory ol StatL

BoIsE, IDAHo'
June t, 19t1.

Eon. Rosntt McClonY'
A;;*iit"" on ou Jnd'ic-t'atv' Holrte ol Rc?

resentatioes, WashingtD* &.C'
Deen Corcnrssx x Mcct,'s: I rq h^|t

c"ipt of your lett€r of June I conErlrlng lrlc
;i;;iil t-tlementstlon of trr' bulryiurl

fbls E€lDr that rfc rpDrorlErt ly ISOO

illrtnUon unlt tD tb d,rtc o( Yrrykt8
)tlo. ltt r result many smaller unlt tcrch*r.n"

O p.ret t tlrethold rcqulrd by t'he
it tute-to come under the AIL Lcr3er untts
l'ritr corrcentrauoDs o' Spqntrb ortilo votera
iii-t"olt. Funt. L.nstns. stc.) bccerEc ol
irretr totat number ol rc8ilct'nttont do not
ie.a"t, Ue 6 pclccot nsur€. B.for€ t.h' hclu'
a-on oftn.5t-ttnsual portlon of the rct tool

"ii""t
toert clerks, at ttre urgtng of tJE Btatg

liirctt@ Dlvlslon ot thc Dep.rt'Emt of
Stite, mennea the polls srlth tntsrpret€rr to
as"t"t'Spattt"tr-6perklns rgterr Tbls pnctlce
has coDthued to those ar€a&-

S""ona: TbE t8t" $hich 18 a percmta-ge of
ttre number of reglst€red voters *'lth Span'
Gii ;rE " na,mer, lSnores tbe questlon, of
snettrer ereh vot€r& mny of ldg-thne
reildence 1o g1afieq caa rcad and wrlte
EngIll}L

fn Sus"r Island Tberuhlp' ChlPPete
Counci. the restscercd vot I! lre btgely ot
Cttp*irr (Amerlc8n Indhn) orlrta. There
f no sattca nrttve lenguage rnd oaly o-ne

sur.rfror vlro can rp€* tD€ Chfppevr dlr"
lo"i B. (rho b bv

-tle rry rlr electcd offl'
tiet rod rhce nrne rcsubrly rppc'l8 @
tJle bUot) b r& tFc Doulng Clce to srltt I'
requ€d.

iUope tf,t hformatlon rlll b ol value to
yotL

Sfurcaely,' JArEsO.CEAPrrr'
Actito Dlrebl fuctlons DiolslotL'

Eon BosErf lf,ccrDBr,
^ --]- Hoase oI Representotloes Olttce BUq"
ETAII or ltrr68rs8rppr, _ Woshtnbt,lB D.e.

sreEArY 9f srP-:^^- ns^B borilrrssrAr Your letter of June I'
Ju*sat Ulsr., lune g, lgEr' lgiarebting to bi-UDgurl voung Drocedureg

CorErTrr o! TB JuDrcra8l. and ndre-sed to IIon Bssll & Paterson,
Holtsc o! Repreteototioq, our se;e'",, ol strtc" har been reterred to
Woshlttgtort" D.C. thls egency for reply.
Attenttotr: ConSressmen Robert llcgloriy. --fnJ rgiS amendmentr to the Vottng

DIAB @t clt8sE Xc(:rE : I ln rrtt' Rtghts Ast ot 1965, ttDpo* r ststutorv bi'

iDs iD r€trrd to vour let6-ol ilDJ igsi' unsual requtrerrent ln @ry tlrree Gountles

concernlnsbilingualbaufr"- !" X* Yort Stde' nemelv K'lnsE (Brook-

To tbe best of -v rooJtis", Do couDtv ln VD)' Nes Yort Ot[Enhattal1)' rDd Bronx

MGblDpi.r".. btring,rli bitiots end eleo counties'

ffiffi,# #ff *lrl$tn"*',ffi; ['*ffr,q'56'[*"*:"n#
a,ny bilfn'ual ,,s,rots weil-ffii;-igr it! cogn-ties .nat h;5 lound B a&rlnlstrrtlvelv
Eenerat electlon trst y'ear' ifrJ numUer ot more practlcsl to bt-Uneu8Uzc tb€ baUot bl

such bltotc srd tlre "*filiii"d;;;;;
;; au p*cincts of the five counttea rdt'hln the

obtained from ea.h -r-t;."d;;iil"tii cttv- ratner 158n tsrsct ttre tbree counties

no requests for blltngual bllds 8Jod elecUon omy'
materialsduttDstheNrffi,E;o;;;;:tliswasdonealsob€caulerlederelcourt
al et€ctioD- order CMrtter oI Torres) ln 19?4 had result-

It I may be ol ray turt'her 'Gi<trnc€' do e'l' ln bi-[nsualiz&tiou of some parts of the

not hesltaL€ to call or *riH:' other two counties lD the clty lor the special

Verytrulyyours,b€nefitofpersonsbfPuertoRicanbirthor
EDwrx IroYD Ptrar'ar' tIT"tw b;'cruse of tJle Elnowledged fact

filititri;" :Hl,1ii?Hf i:' H3;B,g*;H;
By: Roanr Dll,. ArtltTsor,

- __ ;h;;b i; d*"des even thouSh they were

. Attbtont *crttart al St4t2
gff under tJre fleg of Ore United

_ EorrEE or RtiLtltrsEfiArrvrs, The orders (oDe for Nes York city and
coIII"rE or:r:tu fi'DrcnrY one for "upstst€") tddr€$€d to tJre pcrticu'

Yashtngton, D'C, JuP t'
'98''

lar situstlon of Puerto Rlcons eflect all or
Hon.vEx. I,IIrIIrps ports of countles outside Nes Yorh ctty. II-s(,:itart ol statz, you vould llke to trave copi€s r.Dd dlscuss it
sta,tc cuptta iurtner. we rould be qld to furnish copies

xo/;i.w\vrLtodevelopyourfile..But,ltlouldrpp€at-;; fo"*n^rr or Srarr Err.r.rpg: T'be thet yourcommittee ls mctly tnterested tn

J;dd;;-C"D-ittce oitUi United Stat€s the s'taiutory requtreoenls of bi-linsualiza'
il;;;;i nepreaentrtiveeE currently hold' tion lnplemenitng Epec1fic ststutory crit'e'

ing hearin8lE on the extenaion ol the Votin8 rfs-
iii?nt" a.i"r 1905. As e pert ot thls exten- There are two or three othet ldrtag (Penn'

;ffi;-; a"" con*aedng leglslatton to rylnnia and nllnols, ai least) thrt were or'
iii""a-in" i*ptration aote-ot tfe rg?5 biltn' &red to bi-unruallze ln cert'aln area's bv

il;;"it;
-erienamentr rrom tbelr current court ordet for the Bpecfic beneftt ol p€r-

igSS.rptr;tt"" dlte to 1990. sons of Puerto Rlcan blrth or rnc€6trv'
I am dttntl to requJ t'fre lolloslng ln' It micht bc belptul !q Ft"blish Epecilic

fo-rmeifoit ree-arding
-h;

lhese laws bave ,tstutory crit€rti-to- asds.t thts Siroup' some'

iiil"i"i=i"iristateln ti"pf"-""tf"g iti Ut- rhat nore Uberal thaD tJxe LYit€ris for IIis'
iiiie"ii uirl"" arra

"t""tioi,
mat€rials: penic voteris generallv' becsuse of the omis'

;ig6t' regn'rdins the btllnsud beuot'

H 6E60 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE Octobr t' I.981

brnot! hr. hid oD tdrho' t hrvc ltst'd vol'r mcAfiruuTl()tl of ffiI-()f .sP^ltNlt
uuots of torct

-$9-
rnann ertrm Grommldoncr rco

que!,om ."rd my-tr!pon!€s!*9lor,--,. tilo+ntlnueo
,,r D rruri' w

illftffi '*t '*
*:

:
the b!'

B$#hffiffir"rtr- uo,op nr-rntfg - Fry:n
* rr'o to apcax- ure Anerrcro ru{urte' o

re?.-crssri prearc il'tc-rttrcrrncat r.s lqil,ob,r *rygl'-rHt :; f$mtrt"ffiilli?itlffi
rei"d5iilfrilel-l-ffir* re?s- nr6 tr'u,rocu.w...ffiifgt# nu l-rii6-"'6rr*': ":"'.:: to bcrp

l9?84hltls Orsl t

d;;"--o,.lAurstance F'd'trobd-.-* *--.* -J
bdfHl""ryvort,

B'ME,-ilo[-rvo preclncts. tett tatretrd otsl
GtrJ etsr..irfr."" ni'le i rovrnc TEpJEhr* *, ffifiTl--* of.:im*gn ,ro *cftten at stot*

Bhshsm--gtr prrcllrct! -were Hri.P- -. ldir d clEr
iffil

"aAU.,nt
cost. of DrovldnS tle bl' m

uncuslbellottntn"r"oo,iirfrree .- rrt &tlrrli0d.r."-**-gg'19ffi ': ooroatr.orrEurroclrecg'

ffi$;g;'9trffiffi'*iffiilffi':W_d "'
iia fig0 tttut" sere no rrtdlttoorl costa tor
tnJorat arglstS,nce. Ida--*-*--

^,..^^ .- -hnrrrn' mrtartd

i]'ii'-n"Triillt.ttr"-.*r"t4"t-P,t^.yTg ls.to, r irrory bcucyG o,.t -Lol"- II9*riilf iiriT"proiadJ_uutttsu+ bo}gts lrq --6inr au tnt'din m u#Hti" t3'.'oi-e-La.. *,ould be rutc
Jr'j&ii"- -rtirbrr: Gxrsl; Epnlrlu rnd ,xm ra rneer txre Aroertcro lu{urte, or .t lcect

13ff#xl,*,frJnr"lg"yT- -- Reapitrdarin *ffiffiI3 #iiffiffix**'.'vrsroDs orT;i iioune rutttt Act of 1006' It
'"i""Ti7t6;fd"uoly t""u"o u tpansh you xaos-Jt'rttucuoos ln.-vgur .lrltrtet
ujrilt"ii.Gt-or-fiC.odperbauot. ;-fi.h.;""u-"t"a ugtt oD tllt Erttcr' I

rn t9?8 end 19g) cts!ils counw.org -?9, Bti661'rffirrpir'rrffi...---.--.-** Hlil lli$.]t *," tt u you would @tr.,t Ee
record the number tequestlng orBl aasls(, iinaryfirt"-*- -:::: a75.ia orfo-ifyAeof myststf 8t&'2916'.- M dctir'..-'--'--
-ff'rtu"-countytherchLnot-bee9l IoEc.-**

-"'-]!q$
Begtresads'

u.urrlr.Taora&
t"6ra r6t ot tJrose-rcquestlng ortl rsslct' nrgdJ,66c,!r...*-.*..".-"- ucmberal@r.f,e*
tnoe.*'E'yoo

slll note lrom-tbe above lnJ-ormi- B F u.ts-.-.---- 9!'dl

tr# iil irT*t ot-mplenent'lng btltngual DrAatxErtorfltea'
tiiriot!'ri ie;il hs" bcn mtntma' clr'rrr or Murrrsoa sEca',Anv o! ElrArti'
"]il-.ii io "oI

ie"ftct" to coutact our o,rrlg8 o, tril ElrottrrrraY or Brerr' U7,(,ottt Nebr,, Jrt'a 5, tgtr.

"riiffrirl-ca,i&
i'rT"tr,noe$tsttnce' -"-* --Cr r'tl

'qY\'Jse
& 1c87'

Eon- noutsr ![c€tpf,", .-H;th;s".,"t rrot"og;r"o,", . Xffii3'*:fftrXy'' -ffi:nf*.l!,ittu'u
chwf *?tlt t, s@'retzrt oI stttz. ,ff"1*r#*^rr", tf,ccto'r: As la,r rs DsArt cor@rssrar D[ccrort:_ we bree

Encl$ure: r. c{t€'L u'r"?rif Eo*"' tJrere "*-i6'i"iri*
to 94v--t*o *Gtr- hvolved rn tJrtr&t'r

'"*T*,Iffoi,rr. ffii#f;"#jr#HH&t"H: "'HtBffiH',h rrli{*,= co'hs

Bs yeune . ly, h[il""tffi;;;r".d'-;a trri-countv tevet ar"E t"oa u,oil countv clerLs 'od
vou

"Wa,e
ro,4 e cony o{ ffi#!-[rffiIffi*ffi eho,rdbe:ecervrn'illi

r*.,,*
tti&ifrifr-"]-.aaitiiii

-iJr-ulolvea pleare let us k lor' sccnton al Stot''
ttii*tr"ii sl'ttn8u;i nectton h cassla - slncerclv'

GnowE

ffiffit**ft,.frt"*E
-- iorre*on35,c;7ii r*n corc,rsso'r*trrr,Btrrrs,

eddttionrt dme tnvorved-r, trre conducting GBActEAuEoos' ;;;
EousronR'rn':srrtrrrvrs'

ol an electlon by the Corrnty Clerk,g office ".""D1;;t,;,-itatton Dltlsi.,tt, wasil,ngtott" D,c., Juu 1, ,981.

;; fi;-ffi-lr;thorrers Brerr or il-rm D^xorA, ff-&^Eilfrt?fl^*
sincerely, sls",a;jr_-n.o*,77ii7sst. Er',l8 €rEcREraav or Elrerr swecrsirrn:

TbrorE" A. Esssf,, neprecerrtitiieEb-iiir uccroni, trre .luarcrarv commltte€ of tJ.e unlt€d

D@tlty C:lc1tc nolie af no,',sefitntloe' St to go,r* of iepresentstlvea ls sulTent'lyevP"' v-"-'"ffi'#3$;ccronv:.rhrs
w* #ffi"Uffi,Xl,T."'jiff#h :l .H:

RtcAprIUr.ATror{ 0r c0$ tr sPAttBH BAuoTS 0r re76 ffi':xg$*iillfltl"m""l!ffit :lfS:*4*.,?#S:f,i?ffii'.U'{;tl,*u#Hff ',[iltg',$*lf T:"*.,,,ffi S*,,xt*rrr,;[:rthehcu'Irent
ffi

.rfflgrf Bf:f.;r!""1r-t[.ltn" *"t*
--a cm wrun8 to request the rouovtnsln-

sa 8*v n uFd .- ni*rr.#H,*# 16$ HTtFhq"s"""ii"st-tffis i?"#kffffdffiHH,lf"* ou
sa B*v r' uv$4"""'-"""-' Y";lffi#'ofdn* snoua aU learn the snsrrBtt ,ffi:"f,# ffif,];-dn"t" and ele"tion m&tertals:

blot

S,lg Sffi,lflkT.:::.::; ffi,n'ffiji* --- " 'H!| $il,l"q:lf.,ftS.f{[$t'ru;"o'6iii <rr- a usttns or the'-counties or ward's

pqg,..{ifri,fr *r* - hare' 6;#", p.;li"lr norwlsriit- uaubts wnicn misi-itootae uulngual bsuots 8nd

e?,6 conp,a,edbrlsrrs..."$#Hffi"* ,** ,**m_**€*,1::*m;: %i':l"-Yffi;or unnguar banots prror-

s,anisibahbce$t = ffi[: ;,]ffi"Y"qJ,lt,T-xffi"!ff f{Hfk*r'lrH"f,'s,::::tar
pri'

** fuH--- - gnrr#,y,r#". rrm #i:"f,.*rJflH##if,trji# "['*t*xn:3mHffr"is.,'""balh

e{es h,E,rdnrdc
"....-...-.

r,,mi\r"r,brob.....*... a2.30 t iu"iEr"iiiii'ro-ii" P'eu"t'ffi"T'r#;; *T$d::rf#iflff"t;l*rTrl :"'&.3

a
fles.

B
,eu,

t981

r tle
Dn8-

sho
! r5le
lcrst

hrlgc
g. ttte
help

6ltrt

tdll,.

i*t.

ct rld
d foc8l
rtloqp
ot prD
,eG6. u
,lfirtct
ttttr, I
rst, Ee

re blve
--Ecottt

G@tng
tad you

rlt.
'Stal,

rs,
t, ,98r.

:E XEa:
r Unltcd
:urrentlY
n ol the
rt oI t}tts
ilatlon to
975 brlin-
i curent

owtne lD-
BwE have
rg tbe bl'
rl*
or gardg
,tlots and

ots Prlnt'

th€se bal'
lon,
u lrelp ll
le t t}or'

ng the bl'
)r: (8) Pri'
l8;

Ocbbr 2, 1981 CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE II 688r
ousb Gtrlu.uon ol tbG ctletlveaan oI leo-l-,-G tc9, ]U tg]L G. tE, f lD; l9I?, c. !. ptlvtdcd tr thlt EuoD. Thau ar,, tc

BlDarclv vout ' l. irDdtdrtc or -aomlnoc to tul vr.rry. irp""il-otiircErur i;.' --
RoaqrltroCroer. Whcn rorodldrtc fornohlnrtlou o_rIDoEl- iC6f, " 360, IU lg3E. G. t te?!, c.60; 19?6,,lclrtbt al Cbttwn, aoc ll drcn- to- llU r vrcrDclr, tDc Bocrctrr, . iii'liz.

erGoruA,r& SSffiH.H3,i:*"*tl HH* -ir.'ro*e*os
or ceutornrr. rf,r.

Deer*mcBtalB qulrcd by thb rcctlon rr ptonDtly re Do.d. Speaker, I fleta 3 mhut€s to t.lte gsn.
_ 'Awut+tottglwl€6,re8t. bl9.^ - tJemen lrcn hrctto Rlco (Xr. Coa-

Eoa. Rolrrr lcCranr. 6. egccfncn bdlot lDdnrctl,oDt DrlDtad h r^nol^cvmmtttaorttur'rttcbn, $i"H,orffi;h#","mm 3l -oi;: cpnRADA erked urd wasWa$rhgtoL D.C-
Drer RE,ersE?retrw McCroar: I'our [ne ncucn riifrlrce, to be;rt"td-o;T*; glvea permlsslon to rcvl,Be rnd erlend

teiteito eecretrri-6i sEi;G;i""i-E rrete *r*t-dEn;i-;ffti ;lt-d;; hlstemlrls.)
eghn bls been rcIcrtcd !o-De lor r reply. !g"tQ. b" rtt ched to spedne.n bsUot!. Ttrc l[r. COIIRADA. Mr, Chatrmsn, Itn l97I tllc Ednc Lcgl8lstulr palsed r aeotttrry ol Etrtc lhrll llrmllb-ruch b.llot rlse ln ftrong support ol E.R. !1f2,
hfiH,YffiH",f,fr:.frH:ffi: Yltl*l*tr#ffiJ;##f$jlif#l ies'stauoD rtrrch Litenas ana omenod
;,8". ni;-ffifrffi;d iere to be renr to b.llot lnffflrctlon rheetr to bc tural,rhed to '-; v v-urrl8 RlShts Act of 1906'
[ne-nuntctpat -cfertr -[poo

rcquerL Etnce . Eurrlclpr,llty, iUea raaeO ti-tUe nr-Uii ..Ttre blf! prcvlds lor an extendon ol
the perarSe ot thlB lrr there hu been very of rpeclno brltots rnd lnetnrctton Do.tcrr llte act'! DrEleffanCc pfOVISIODS
tev rcque8t8 roq to hct, there h.ave been ln the &sllih laruuage to bc lunrlrhed to through Awust 0. t98{. After ttrat
Do rcquest lor tbGre lnrtnrctlons lor the lart that bunlclptllty, shsu Dot be gre!,ter thm dtBta, lt GStAbUSheS DG,sl bellOUt gtAnd-
two electton yeel! Ttrerefore, t'lre co6t hls the totEl Du.Dber ol apedmen bnllots

^tIId
h. Ards peraltuns --lDdtytdurt

pOUticet
been mlnlnrl. dructlon potcn to bc furdsh€d__. . .. cubdldsto11s t-i""*f-Eiili6o. or ball-For rour rrslctance-I rm cododng thet t?06.DleneDcybrllotprocedurc :;.;-;:lpo*toi or xrrri-meiuon Hr, -zr-Imsli ' rn ra eneriency ." ocaorulfrt thh reo lullry.E- t'lre prccleannce lequlre'
,?0r" Eubf c, co;trrDrrs trrrs ptri',"6;--- uon trre ecftt fo;agt8t ;; ffiffi qePts end.contlnuea tIc btrlnsur,l pro

U I o.D bc oJ eny turttrer Ntstsnca, new ballot , amend thce rlrcerlv irtntea or vlSlollS o.I tlre -rqt lor fnotlrer ? years,
please_<io Dot hcsltrtc to coatcct Ee. Dnocune tbem lrou urotlrer muntclprllty or Shong.Otbef tJrlngl

Slncercly youia. votlng dlstrtcL Ee mly rutlor.tze eny ctert Ttre <lquW ol tJre VOung RlShtgLoBr Drr t& FrrluBr, to do rhe sane. Ac.t ol1S6a, ole ol tUi dffiportents@ftton,El,ctionBu.tau. l.Ballotruended.Batlots**=*f ili-ioiit*rerrtal legt3lruons of ourEnclcure. ed may be amended by hav

,r?:tn*Xffirffir*"n r.aws #tt[.."* ll dr*cted byff" f#.ff H:'"f*:"ffi.r?: tr"Tlutll$ ff'-fili6;-6;;f .,--=:t ;ffi-fir"t"h each 2. tuerzency dcscrlbe& An emergency portance slnce w9 are lactng the lssue
votlrur plece tittU rt least ?6 bo,llots foi h8-y erllt er follosx Il there lB . lhortage oI tJre presenetlon or dl,rlDtcgntlon
eseryE0 eotes c.rt rt thst votlns ptace at, o, bsllots; ll the bollota rre Dot deUvered ln of 8o sct thst has been nefled-as ttre
tJrc iest electlon of tbat type. llTu fof the clectloq ll tJre baUots-8re nlr+ most lmportant dvtr rlghtt -6il

ev;;
u"l*fr Ht#ifft f *"i.$;*. H P; $ffi :: tm'-*,fr"o"1'9ffi:?i ffil-l#ffiffif15 H#"sH":Bir,#T"83ffi :,H,,f ltBuTS'?',#ffi.1t3iIEeDdE
rtrd sccrerery ;a dtcte;;;it'*"i-d;;E - An olficlel ucllot boi tr 3overae<t by thc paalc-Amertcan cttlrens to ererclse the
queetcd pr'-f,st' to tbe clerk, ana may fur. lollowtng Drovl/Blons: gacred congtttutlonel rlSht to vote. lt
itsU rr Einy .ddtiloDal bailots ag de be -

1-._l\,unlsheq by Secret!ry of 8tst . Tlrc bas been rtsponslble t6rl t hlghsy Dar-Uevclrccassry. Eecreta'rv of 8t8t lhall tutmt!- an otflcld tlc-lpatlon of-blect votcra tnfie poUU-

:l&ffirtr *e governed bv the ror- HBH'fr11"*&Y-qq%$"""J $*;ffiffi##g}*i[loslng provlslons: form dedgn" Erch bot nust-i.Ecretrry-or etat to prepare. Ihe Bec- rrtn r rur-trure roct raa ketl-I"-tff6;;i Ilkgwlse' tn Texlrl lo1 elrhfrlsr rrBgls"
rtta.ry of Stite Oatt prepone- ttre spectnen tJre bor ther: murt bc ai opentng lirt trstton e,Eong Al8Deplcs bas lncrea.sed
Drllota -enowh to rllos l rrngle, lolded bouot to be by 8n encoureSrng tso-tJrfrde
rL &ntcnt. The rords "E'PECIIf,EN IDE€rt,e4 rDd Do lerger, rlth e allite devlce Tbls blU is controverEla,l to gOme

aAIJ-or" lD bold tvpe' t'he tlue rnd dat€ of br rhlchthc openlns Erv be tvercd oI up- dmpiy Ueceuse ttrei trevC-feffed to ,*the elecuon' rnd the name of the voting dir covered. The box Eust be htq:
",lolgh_! ilisi it.t aespftc tf,t tegfsiauon,B !.c-tdct Eust be Drlnt€d at tJre top of tJre rccelve ure betlots demslted ln lt Bt any ffi'f it" endeavor to protect the ex-blloL The lacslmlle of tlre rlgmture of the eleetlon-

llcretsry oiStat ;rrct nrtFpJ"teO 6n ft" -
S. fAunfcfpauty Eay provlde. A EunletDal. erclse of tJre rtSIt to vote, the promlse

tr Bust be Drlnt€d nat stth 36! 5spg 6rrnt. lty may provtde bauot boxec rt tts orm er- ol equal pertlclpetton ln tJre poUtlcal
Ottrerstse, lt must be prtrtcd substa,ntis,lly peDse. Es^b box may contatD r mechanlcal gpectrun ls sttu trnfulftlled. The hea.r.be8s,E€asel4ularballol device for oounttng.0d endorllna tJle.Et. lngE left no doubts of the presslnc

B. Color. Ttre bellot must be Drrnted on lots. depelted ta lt but lt -may,not .be neeO tO extend thts s46 tor fUe prd
ff*flll ffitlt H3";"*","", or srst€ ffsiY"ilT"l',tril1tr ffi#m ;yiy*,'*"1*fS#* fl*:,BIllrll aend r r€asonable number of spedmn meet tJre requtrebeuts ol thrR,
fnotr to itrectark i;r posti"c as froviaea epproveO Uf tUe Becretsr3 of$;6 !ft; Utlcal proce8s. We are stlll @nfroDtlng
I nrbeectton E, llrd an addttional-nurnuer uox uecomei en offtctel uattbt uoi --- ---- votcr reglstratloD end absent€e ballot
tEb the rcgular ballots. {. Ofticld ballot bor requlr€d Only e,D of- abuses, at large election Bchemes and'l Clerk to Dost. I'lre clerk shsU post or ficial ballot box Eay be uled to receive offl- Bnnexatlong, gerrymanderlng, Intimt-Grc to be post€d a lBRclrneD ballot Bt least clal bauots eaat 8t any electioD. - dAtton and harassment. failule to prO-

l$ji,Et'xi:6t',1!fol,?*'""o*"i;ffiffi f "lf*,"Hl"f taHT,ffiHgfu*nsffi;ffi :"Tj*116l. c.800. !1; 1976, c. 761. t3l. havlng 5,000 or hore lnhsbtl
_! &btirib-r ststri to-pubhsb. A reason. where such E u"iapsnw Gii"tffi-ii: q!. o.f. practlces aud procedures used
* tlne befot! the election tbe Secretary chlnes or electrontc voting sy*iii-aUaft" wtttl the aole Purnose of deprlvlng mi-
f t"tu shall Eate rpeclmen ballots availi. end a muntctpauti rrfur-iiw-Ji-frGtfffi norlties of lull electorel partlclpation.
I ldr publlcstlon l:r all nevspapers havlng -ay, by vote ol tts munlclpal offieers, use The perslstcnCe Of these CondttiOns Or
!f^P .ryq"uon ln the area to strlch the aeparate ballot boxes et elections tor deiosti threats of thelr repetiUon matb tt un-qrcu nertatn. A El.nsle spcslmeD ballot 80 of votes oD constltuttonal ame4^gments aa9 bearable not to txtena ttri VotGI35q"d P8f cgrv the name of each can- referendq. _rne munrcrpal orricers stralt nl"r,'ii-igt.l[e for St^Bt€ Senator end Representatlve not[y the Secretary of Statc of such acuong '*::::-:bthe ahte regutaiure navhg-restaence tn it teist 60 days beiore the d"te;fifr;1.[ I4ter -8ome

arnspdrnsnt5 to the bill,

=rres
cov3ed|by the circulstion of the ttonatwhtchiuct separat€bullofUoxCare leported Out by the Eouse JUdiCiary

Speper. The nerne of the votinA <llstrict to be used U such separet€ ballot boxes atr CommlCt€l3 slth e vote Of 23 to 1, arr

=.D9!
be prlnted on the publlshed speci- to be used, they shall be Bubject to aJ] the to be constdered on the floor. Unf6rtu-

-
oauot. DrovlsloDs relstlng to olflctal ballot boxes, nately, gmendmentS thAt wea.ken the

H 6862 coNGREssIoNAt REcoRD - HousE &tob
protectlon of votlna rlghta end cn- Mr. LITNGREN. Mr.. Chalrman, or the genueman ,ro- .r.*;:.'3"1
fpncg tttg posslblutv of the fallure of Abraham Ltncotn once dald, "People ;;nla have ln tact voted th;-=:: ={Ittrts tegtitafttrn travC_ueen urouint-foi wiu uttte not€ nor lons remember sested bi those people, brt ;#If;filour consldergtlon. One of the pro- what we ray here." someof us thlnk leneO tottrem eia -trar;fnt u,,;;;"k,tlposed a,mendnients that cruseg me that perhaps tri was-rllerrrnc to co;- ih;;l was Eent here as "

'&;ffi I
Sreat conceni le the one-thrt, rould frgss gn e Frldey afternoon. I am o man, that I was Eent frere ti-f6,6'il[ idefer actlon on blllnSuel provlslons Uttle dftcouraged, I guess, by the fact *t.i we heve, to look et tt

"
iii[, t ]untll 1985. Our esteemed colleaSue thls was scheduled for geneial debate fooi al the ma,nner ln s,htch we creatc iand frlend RosERr MccLoBy wtll offer Et thts ttme because tt ls such an ex- a vetricle to achieve ;ur ;urpo8,;;-i l.8n Bmenrlment to elimlnate the provl- tremely lmportant lssue, one.t-hst I o*ua--to my constttuenls ancl I owdslon to extend the requlrement thrt thlnk ought to be looked at with tre- ttre emerican people somethlng moreJurlsdictions wlth language rntnorlty mendous delicaey and tremendous at- iii"" tir.t.groups whlch constltute et least 5 per- - tenilon by all the Membets. I would -'i

",rUa
suggest that very sgme argu-cent of the votlng ase population pro- hope ttrat they will ta,ke the opportu- mini-LWUt to be used wltb everyvtde reslstratlon a,nd votlru tnstruc- nltv to read thts debate wrren tirey are ;'il;i; ;""dment thlt is brought for-tlons ln the Elnorlty language. Some heie next Monday as we corutair G il"'fr'ri"r". I rnesent_I thtnt enyboctysupporters of tbls amendment argue the_ rmendrrent process the ;tu;i ili'inii Chamber would resent_thethat those who cannot understand voilng on thL6 blll. - - - --

. - faet that someone ls called agalnst
ffi:.J"r.h"",,*1ru:,:3j.r".iffi1 .ffl.,,&xtiffi Jdl:ffi"ll tE #[.:;:"",?"ffi "$i,ir""]T*;il:"*lt?"xffi"&"J"ffi11ffi'#l x""ffi?,.}yHt'',13'?,fif*.;H{ *ffi;*tr,nri"lmrslr"tzen san be put "on hold" ltke a tele- Commtttee, and I supporphone call untll that cttizen's profl- 1 6s trtrtnk some chsn};; a
ctencv tn e,atsn G-in*easea ,o-a' to ffittout a doubr, *"a [i iiTHlll: *"'il,J$r]rfjrfk #;""ffi;ffi, jenable hlm or her to un-derstand the ln8s we had, preciearance
pouticar Guei oi ou' Nauon. wirnow fr'ro,n" rorinj yet r tt r,riotnlLTil? i[i,rof;],# **l",li;rottm m: 'for a fact that some Engllsh-speaktuog to &chleve our burposeJ q":: _l: lff ;il*"r, anat cannot but he reviewedvoters ln our country ere lar trom un- reached reree;eni as t(
derstandrng uiipoiuicar aeuates;i ;,ii* b i matter .r oirlH"*Jlli ffifr"fJ,nni:m ffi;fiSf*:theee time6. We also know that these oplnion"
poUtlcsJ lssues are afseusseO tn gpg11. mentioned a number of those obJec-
isU ana eipfafnea-Uy lltspadtl;at; tr 1300 tlons. I hope thBt we Elll have an op-
of our fafion. rili;tG-th.i*nit I thlnt there are men and women of Pg$ql"t-v to discuss them, end that we
ttre supporters oi tnrs amenameni good wlll on f numuerli

-i1ff";;;; will deal crlth thls debate and Judge
would iceomptistr uf-ittmtnairiu ifid itdes, on a number ot agiireni-;.;: !le!t _on thelr Eerlts rather tbar, ssy ]

bllingual reqilrements G to ielia oi tlons, that sult rematn wtttr respdl to T qgfe -thev are all sme' tbat i

an eitecttve means di ;;dedi;r;: tnG iegtsgtlo; E8-vlrs *ir1i ltrit,-ilrr. :o,,T*9, thev are 8n erfort to sut tJre i

Engllsh-speaktner cttlzeris wtth ; vol; Ctratrman, i m-usT s8y--th8t lt-is tiirtoi: bIU' ThBt ls not what ls belng dme.
t tne potttieat d-ectsionmaklng of ttreG tunat€ that we Dow- aeem to bt;ub- One of the obJeetions that some of
eomm inlties and of our NJ6on- We Jecied to some emotlonal moral ovir- us frave talked about is whether or not
tnowth,tttremereun{srstanrllngof }llltbatlssurtaclnel,rndcommunlca- I.Ftate may be allowed to bail out
Eutlsh does not per 8e susrantee-the ttoru golng around' ttre lliii. -eome wtthout_aU of its counties getting out
understan.rlng of our pottttcat debeter. ststements-by representauves'oi ttri It has slready been sueBegtcd th8t .n
What chould we do wttn tUe Els1sh. clvil rtgUts co--untty suctr as anv rrnendment wlU be preecnted for our
speaHns clttzens that do not ufuder- amsndment, otfered Uyine nepuUUcai consideratio? w!lg! stll say thrt e
sts,nd the pollttcal lssue6? thould we alde wlll be e crlpplnir amenaiieni. oi state can get ortt lf lt proves tt ls cleen
exclude them flom the yotlng poUs rny arnen.lment bifereO on the ncpuU:. on lts, Ievel, and two-thlrds of dl tlre
a,lso? llcan slde wtll attempt to ggt secti6n C, co'rlties lrlthlD lt bave sbomr rrrat

Tfre rieht to vo'te as pgrt of our or any Republlean- ame-nameni-wtii good fBith. One of the reasons I thlnt
democraticprocess lsabsolut€. Itdoes somehowUeasalnsttheVottngRlchts lt-It Importsnt: W-beD we lirst were
not dlstingulsh between blscks or Act. talktng about natlonrlizing, the pocat-
whttes, rlch or poor, lntellectuels or tl- I heard rome of these comments bllity of natlonaltqlng appltcatlons of
llterates, Ergllsh or SpaniBh speakin$ made before we had even decided. Dreclearance. sections, representatlves
It ls direct€d to Suarantee equallty rome of us, whlcb amen.r-ents we of tJre clvil-rights communlty came to
under the polls D that rmeday thls mlght offer. AlthoWh I know Mem- 4e 8nq said, "You will basically be
Nation concelved ln llberty and- dedl- bers here are very atirted tn Bnslydnc strenS:thenlng lt to death. You will so
cated to the proposltton that all men cltuatlons and ln

-analfztng leslstigon: overload the system of consideratlon
Bre crest€d equal see6 lts prtnclples of I have yet to meet a-Membei who ls at the Jnltloe Department 8nd the
democrecy fulfilled to thelr lntended rble to torecast wlth preclse aocuracy qurts

-
rith respect to the Nation

end. There csnnot be any other way what all the amenrtrnents mjght bil when they would have to submit every
for this right to be exerclsed; lt ls the that one Member or a Biroup oi Mem- slngle posslble cha.nge ln their l,aws
undisputed backbone of our constttu- bers mlght offer. sruch would deal with civil rights."
tional rights. I suggest that even yesterdsy we had The CIIAIRMAN. The tlme of tJre

The Congress has I duty under the eomethlng that ehould be commended gentleman from Calilornia has ex-
Constitution to preserve our democra- to our attentton. There were debates pired.
cy. Irgt us not compromlse our prlncl- on the floor tJrat some gxpups, alleged- Mr. EYDE. Mr. Chairman. I yteld I
pl9s. I,et us protect thls rlght. ly somethlng called the Moral MaJor- additional mlnute to tJre genil,er"".

I urge my colleagues to approve thls lty, has tahen tbe polldcal, the m6ral from Cellfonrla.
legislation without 8ny weakenlng blgh eround ou certetn lssues. It 18 Mr. LITNGREII. They seid, .,We
arnendErents. luggested to us that unless we vote would not have the ablliti, to react."Mr. IIYDE. Mr. Chalrman, I yleld 6 Drectsely the way they tell us to vote Well, in fact that argument oughtminutes to the gentleman trom Call- on every parbtcuiar tssue, we a,ne some- also to be applicable bere lf we havelornle (Mr. IJurcstx{), & Eenber of the how trnrnslal. I thtnk th;t ha^d I taken epunt1gs tha-ilv; done

-a-gooa
toU;subc-ogmiltee-. that approac-h yesterday, I would not trrat trave gone throwh the hoops we(Mr. LITNGREhI asked end was have llstenea t6 ttre co-''.ents of the put treie ttnat arJnot-easit*p" 1o go

Slven Dermission to revise and extend gentleman from Mtchlgan -or the gen- ilr.ougt, that come ln here tn goodhis remarks.) ueman tmm tne District of Colum-bG, iaith;;d have s r*L.0, i" id
"ot

bett€r

, Itiil
rC roO
rt lug-
tns u8-
:rstood
D$€ss.
lool et
lrds, to
l cre8te
poa, I
I osed
,g more

te trgu-
r Gvery
rht for-
mybodY
:nt-the
qotnst
hrve a

how se
lat nea'
rcacbed

rman I
;e thlt a
ttee cre'
lt trB un'
revlewed
t80n8ble.
It-orhos
rc obtec-
/c an oP,
tthrt we
d tudse
tDll srY
if t.het
tld tbe
he.
'rorc ot

Oebbr r, 1981 CONGR.ESSIONAT RECOru) - HOUSB H 68Ss

let or qot
bdl ont

trllg or*.
d thri rb
0.lor our
ytDdr
tt tB clcrn
ot dl tlrs
ora tbst
ne I tbl&
llrst e€tr!

to heve them cubmlt rnd not bave thc crlnlnrilon todry+nncxrflon, rt Caroltnq rcAbtntton lncree&d tl.omJ-ustl* Department vaettru Hmc stttrr lerrc--elccuoor, ua rerrruendertni, ttto 61'pe;A;a; ttrguii-ffi;ni6;thtt, bui concentreiln8 on thore @uD- ere- all urc<t tohry to-tlani-thst baJd hcril;d-iro- -ic 6 0l piror,t. rr,tlec ln the covered rreer thet ue recel- rlght to vota noi ritonc toTrecre but to ,;; tn A1jb86c-]o.i pinf,nt ot theclttl'nt !o thst we lsolete t'trcm gnd srytes end rrtlpenlc ae Jeu.-so, titii ifriu'tup,r memberr eru blacL Theput prcssurc upon them to oomc lato U las eg91qq{-_ - btil hg3 Ueen very, vJrV dff&Uva. gutthe rcal world, end ome lnto ttre 1be CEAIRMAN. ffr".lt-g of-the Iileistret do we beve? We hrve gotworld ol sood lsltb- - - Sentlemrn trom ttrc Dbtrlst of Colum- ;;ny weatneasee. rt ls 8 btu thBtln anmnery, llr. Chetrmeq I vould bn nas exDlred.
ontv rrv ttrti:' r iouro [opc'thn ;; - ur.ffiE. ur. crrarrman. r t]ld s ffitffi oil?fffirt*"1;t,nt
sould bc eble to heve tJre debete mlnut€s to tlre Senllemn. 6;ii;ial il;i s btu that rays only one oour!durlns the E-mlnute nrle ou the sa.Ee G[r. Cou$st --- ---- ln tha tend can try these Vo6ngleveleehevehadtthercdurlnSSener' (l[r. coI&rNB ol rexas *]ea an{ iffi'fi Act ca.rea-lye heve Federalal debate. ead thet we would debete sar- 8lven perurfaslon to revl,se &d.l ;;;ri;e[ over the Natton but only the:}",fTi*ffil f;:,ffi tTHi "'ffIo"Hffifi',"-[,H...ffill ffi'ffi#ffi"Hffiffisubmlt to emotlonel blactmell vhlcb n*rL I rlse ln oDpodttoD I

ffif ""ff'dili'#ffi,'Trit'11 l"H;",5ffi*ffi,# Spffi iru.S:e=ffi, l?l#!they do not rant thls cven though ttre ireatest need tn tfrfr
tnr6e out oilour or-two-tbtrda or tfe tn rrre problem wtth -tTe" frfiil o?fy to nrle on thls?"

sH sH,Tlr ffi, *iih ts *ss,* I"i*-lh'sH;"ffi :ffi-LEhfr'-fi'T s-ff""lt
egatnst .itvu rtgtrta-we aeser;e more m&t oneroqr;*b oiah;$i5 # IlHff ST"."TJffi"rE"ff:o:lffi,ffi-rgr -1'sutuents

deserrrc s,HrsffiLt :T;lffi"Hr'j.l[ ffs"i*ri*-Et€*m;-,,rir,"s. ror'ttre
rrr. ED-wARDs or cbllroralr. Mr. ari lLG ts-rme-even"T:yf3i trffi ["'iffijffifrffig-"?t,;Chelrma,n" I yleld t rnlnst6 to tlrc dlB. Boutb has made rremarkab-le lpl15 iiiii'L"oa_ent vtotatton. gtnce theffit$rfiil,lffir*L#,. e

BJ,::"'"Xf,:Hffie* ,' en rnequt' if;'Li,,.c on the rsin uninament,
.*r. -AU,*'RO' rstsed .od eas I*t me te, the lf,embers what heo

_dlscrhlna,Cory puDose or htent
gryen permtsston to revtse rna extena penea nrlre fibably6;;;;dT; th:Ill_b" neoessar7 tn prove lts

Trfffirr*oy. Mr. cruerorn , LHdoHrt,jll$i"?1t ki #fl: 'if;l'3fr*"-ro rn thrB debote on the
s!,Dt to ,oln tD comryq{tns_ t}e. bl- puahed. Tlre Jucuce Depertuent b6. 9IF9$o" of tlre .votlpg Rlshts AcGprrtlsen lcadershlp of thl,s Juddrry treen 1906 ana tgZf oUr;ct€d to C;;- t!! -ConSreee

must Eat'e a declsloa es
@Ernttt,ee lor tJre excellent yay ln cent ol tne propceA--;iect6; -1|; to rbetlter strlnge_nt Federal r€Cub-
wbldt tbcy have handled the pDepera- lhnngelt an4 11f telb,-J,rstlce-;=Ulected tloq.of fre elec'toral prooess ahould betlgg-lor thla very tmportant vote to ontv i:S-perc;t'o} tfii-p--'piifi gntlnugd,- termlDated, or modfle&
vhlch se ane eDout to take on cuengrl-prai6celly -no-_

ofi-ecfironi fe Ey"t detemlne whether lt ls tlme
!fon!3y, I e,E parttculsrly grat€ful to fut Ooym tn uii,Etatc-ot-Giai-re IP end whst hes been referr€d to as
tlre cbelrman of the commlttee, lf,r. bad the enttre Fetfon n a*tf"" f"i lFe qct clgnlflce.rrt, fled,eral lnterrren-
Roonro, end to the subcoln'nlttee prectea,rane appticaUons

-it;-
b"ve ; llo" E tJre Eouth dnce Reconctruc-

chrtrman" l&. EDwrBDs, who hry tte Stste, Ga-#ery tfne w|;ba# I !t_t I a.m convlnoed tbrt Drror
lndecd-enrtched lhq publlc servlce rnd UtUe oo-'il.gbnefr-afstri; -w" F"-rE changes must be made tn tbe Votlng
g1$ted-qubllc Ufe br tJrg cerelul and to rnrke eppUcaiion We-H;; -ffi Rlshts Agt It we a^re to cor:eet lte serl-
flF pa Just wav ln qpcb he bas pre- ro.zoC jt tiifi-tnangJ appu.itrffi ou prtblems that rrrke lt Ersdc+trysided over the prcceedlngs. @- unconstltutlonal Let me br1efly out

Members wlll aote that-ln _the course only_1xo_ sere ob1ected to. wh.t llne my case.
of thls debate the 18 black Members of that m6ffis- [E that J-rrstlE o-[j*tl'Ti tr'irst, ttre VoUng Rlghtr Act ls
Con5rcs6, tbe members ol tbe Con- only I appucation tn 1fu.-w;'cann;i founded on ldeas that dep-art trom ttre
Sresslonal Black Caucug arre unent- etedt a ctiv coGcU, il"-&""dirppofi[ traattionat nottons of fe-<Iirallm and
mous lo aupporttng E.R. qU2 as !, he.B e school UoarO wJ'cannot ha;;A;: Beparatlon of powers. Ttre aci is opW.
emerged from the coEnltt€e. We do mlssloners etecttou becaG;v;;ilnc nant to t,lle co-ncept of due process and
so not simply because the- ect orlslnal- ts ColnS throgh 6l;i-til&ri6;. - [s overly broad ln lts appUcitton. Uost
ly qns ensct€d to redress long suffered i do-beuev;thst lI -ill ofE[-irne lmportant, the act puts certern shtesgrlevances on tbe part of black Amerl- gentlemayr had thi8 reAtape and bu. on an unequel fdoths wlth ottrer
c8n8' but, because lt has grosrD to be e reaucracy and delayi tn

-
iour - own Ststes throwh an unconlututtonal ex-rvmbol of the determlnatlon of thlE Ststes, ybu would su-bnti a ;ore ii; erclse of leertstative authorliy under'Natlon to move to tbc hlgh grounds sonauti-bru to uE toda,. ttre lSth amCndment.

eod prtaclples ttut le enunlcatc but T'lre Texas votir reglstratlon Second, there has been a ,"dlcaloften fatl to llve. system-the vottner Rlchts ict ts att transrorriaitou oi tne p"ri*" of theMuch has been so'id about the etvll about voter recist;tbi-ls one of the Vo6ng Rights act tniolifia-serles of'rights movement that worked so hard best Bnd nost equita6le- regist;tio; supie-me Court cases. An act thst, ac-to brtng thls act lnto belns. r -was a BysteT ln the cirniry-. a *rson ar- coiaing to l;rm;-At6;;t GeneralDart of that 16 vears a8o. rndeed' r co- rives ln- Texas one dsy ; i stra.nger, Kgtzenbach, was ..aimea ;t getthgordinated the Selma enq-MoltC_om9ry he setfles down, he rialx a postcard, people regis'tere{' h;become a vehi-Darch on behalf of Dr. Martln Luther and tn- 30 dqys tie l,s etlglble t6 vote. Id ite itrat li expectea- to t115ur" inat c.r-
$ine, -Jr.' whlch catspulted the ques- tares trim i6-dsra Tl?i; b not a^ny tai:r sroups ftv; et;tonGpresenta-tbnof votingrishts lntonationaland system-ln the iountF-iuat is an!, tron.-rtrrs Eansformeilon stems lnht€rnsttonal prominence. and result- ireite. than that. \ psrt from the lligh Court uslng one-d in thls act betne consldered by the r*t u! go uait and see what thel ffi,-tir*vote cases resting on theCongress therL At thst ttme, poll iaxes goats of t[e voltng nrgtE ii-i-*Ji'".| tllli' Ilenament to lnterpret the|nd Ut€r&cy tests 8nd other means T'trey were to lncrease voter resisi.e: n"t-trC Rtghts Act, whlch rests on the

Eii H"9,# ff#":'#,L:'1Hr-:?: f#,'"?[r,iY#$,i'm: n*: i*5"m"*m*lm-i;rt*s" tg;
FIO 9v the committee cteirty p"i"ted imUog. fn_ Io"t"i;d;:" resilstrailon vtolailon of the act wtthout evtdenceout thst there ere new forms of dis- went from A2 b A4 perbnt; fn South ot Gciirnfnato"v

- l";;;i. thls [s a

tbe pdi
cetions d
scntsttve
y ca.me to
stceUv b
'ou sill
rrdde
; e,rrd

bnlt
tbelr
ights."
me of tb
r bas et-

r, I yleld I

s8ld,
o r€act."
trent
lf we
r good
e hoops
hoop6 to
rne in
t not

H 6864 coNGREssroNAr REcoRD - HousE & tobt g, tgs]lrndmrrt oplnlon beceuse lt ttrrowa -\rttbrn 2 months of passage or ttre wlth lts enrorcement ruthortty underout thc ldee ttrrt the rct can bc vlolat tOtU -enenamii:[,
-bor,gr"." acted tfri- fOtU rnendment. Ilowever. alted lf rn electoral chrnse lr dlacrlmlne- ,paur s€ci6n t-;t ine -rmendn;;i u6i,oo" of rutborlty ,bder trrc En-torv lD effect, rcrnrdlega ol whether ;uch g?6 t'-t p-o*ir "to enr;i;e tilG lt#ement clruae were exceeded rrlthd''csrlmtnatorv purpose extsced. T'he .1t"t9.-.pr_in-nii'liiq;. i"rrs;!rry.1 i[t]"o"g" or r.be vo,ng R.Ehrs Actoommltt€e blll unshety trtes to mlil. f.trq-9fl-nttfi-d ;i -Elltorcement ict f" iiOS. The acL whtcb doer not need3Bt€ ttrl,B recent Court declstoq whtcb of.t8?0 rcu.sfitto i"o"drfUe Sr;t;;-d 6 ;; urp,^,.ed here, egtsbuEhed rI belteve b h[hly tnapproprlate. prtvatc rcif-on- i"oil Gtti"irnC-wfttr F"alol presence tn the ortgtnally cov-rltna'Ilv' there la evldence ttrat sug- votlns rlshts. The SupreT-" .cou"i iii-'sorttr"ra gtatea ..yhlch ln ttregests that the orlrtnel goats ol the act rtruck dowa the rct's prohlbltton oi Iiiiougnners ol lta control 1s remlnlrheve been achleved

v"er r€*'ir8""'i#H}#qt,l*+:*mL#emip*r:,1*
I*:i*1ffi;rry"trt*flfr #:eessful and llteracr

banned nrtlonwtde.
lerrtr r"tr"di;ii;n.rn soilthffiG. --..A,,ottrli-ranl-iire i;{i.f:'i:-"r^r:f, Hf *S,eml;:rr,rttifil"Fblatures. lncreased mtnorlty voter rei- r'8s passed to provlde fo-I_th:

"p-p_{"t- fi;i b washtngton. rravtng tnced
f,ffi r;il$,iit",H'"""sfi ii*a:5*1ff :?'il"tr$t"ff*BiifJff $,usrr#l**x,*5fficompared to.the number thet hevi of RepresenCatlves. The

r':r*"jffiTfl "f;;otrTnf ;ffir,#H*:l"J:"tr#H*;3u*'[,1iffi Htffi tggt$L{,1iffi:"fr the temporarv provrcrons o-r A,"#" T*i$#fl
To show thet the Vo,ng Rights Act thc lSth emendment.

b rn lmportaat det
rec'gnran -'"iTffiffi*tt rruw-t#+:*i li:,"#*ali#Jq:*Hiil'i*:thortty under the

ffi 'ffitrr;"'*'rq#flt'ff #ffflcLtquiE::fr ir,F-'liHi,ryqrH',l#:#i$ffi?itof the l5tJr a,nendmr
r? 8nd s@pe;icrv-ri-"r8ht" il;; "#r:ffi1T"1ii"""?";fffi;"r%l*: ii{}r noir,is ilitfrt"-f,t. rrie su.ment legislation.
rhe Bec'ns'irue"lt#frtr#

ffiffiI#*iffi -ffiiwere tlre prpducts o:
to protect clvll and I
tbe post Clvll War DThe t{tlr 8,Eendme!o'* s*,, a*i"r."'L"a*#ffiff ff' #rsn+H*{ffi**i6 ru"*ffiSl:**rt*lcor'ntry'6 Ulcks lnk
rnq r*u "-'.'i'#fsfrT;: Hlt*tr"qdfi'l?,frrT;$'i1",*1t d*i" B,ack has wr,*en that thethat the rtght to v,
dented ..OU ecgorrnt I
previous oaauon o,.g'*i:',,,"x l$t:*X.m,*:ffi*dn:EE *$,*s,*ff"HiTT*"":'i,"","f;
trH*,3 .lH qfrffiSd ffi""HqlJ ,'.tr iH ffi,8fl[ffi*ilT+ffijSoutb- &om r reyier
sional debotes o" th:^?5lqe ot.9u9 ffi*rioo on ciyu Riehts;d-; AA Pl {9" approval as ai acuon forbld.
H:"rffi#?"JlJhiffi g"fl,H ffi;:dfi",:',ii"Ti:T*t*:;"S# *nl, tt""-6il*ir";-"":ii;i-;;;;
rdth nt'srsnteeing' suffrsae to newly "iie ctrru Rlshts Act of lg60 author- Bv requirtng a state to ast E federal court

#;S'ri*tue*ln"*ffi m"F#*E##"""*t:Fiili-s*'ll$H{:iffion ttre lrnrage ric*I_^g{ nortrrern ii6i r" i*v l*i"air.ri. iffia1,T,ii ti; iffi,&1
aa"is,ory opinioi-ilr constitu-.

blaCkS ntngg mqny I

i""*r*m #*""ft",:1##xl H*ffigq"g:if":,r:x ii-;fu r**:r,ffi ;:t"ill#tlons.

[+i*xa"iq4'55*935m',,11rsF*tl"*wt*'i{:*'".#+j*k#*[ttli*$the power to prescribe.voter qualifica- oi"rliicagio*, "pp;;";f
r! clear o!. .ij#i.ir,r, the sral€s have power ro passti'ons to reEaln u'lth the-.States. The iostio" to tt'"lii""tior# or the frri- r.oi;;'l a.ithout firat sending rheir orfi-only excepuoDs sere qu lrfications.re- 6rs of the rsit -i"i""a-ent.

The act ciqrs hundreds o! miles awav to bes federallsting to race' color' o-r previous sen'i- actuauv f-p"i"a r--l"elerar [Leracy suthortties to approve them-tude' As wurhh Gillette' the noted te"i.ro-urtit r;qui"ea-th;t any pros- 'we should all recell that ttre ldea ofhtstorian hq-c urritfgn: .:IJ
.qld no! siye p*iiru totd ;*lt b"-piesumea to ue a Consressional veto of Stote laws wasthe Federal Goverament the righl to frieiatu lft" uaatoriGLa tne sixin reiectia h l?8?. Becouse of the scope8et up sulfrage requirements, but left crade ln r

""iioor-wrrir"-Engristr was or- bongress enrorcement authoritythe fundtmental richt wtth the [n. Ua-ric f.ns"aii. granted under ttre Vodng Righk Act,states"'Iwillcomebacktothelmpor- --rte ttu-J-tt? ruro through the i;;; above that foreseen by thetant constitutlonal questions this his- tegGtation t9 tiG-p;G; i" tn"t or io- rstn-amenament, Jr.rstice Bla,ck was
Hllfl,lr"Tf,?$I"ffnT*#"11."1r; g:f":d"T:S1:i,:i,i,-6i,""i*i r"

-tr,"
L-dioilncr.ute ilpr trre voune RiehrsFtrst, let us rook jr the enrorcemeni st.ter'authority t";;#;.!ui'"iii,I ffi?Ji:::iffi".Btl$r|9ffifrlfil$ iI:*::'jg o.1*"1II "oJg=I.:ll,I fd;ri*il riliv-".J"."gil, is rhat w*h than conquered provrnces.,, i

respontr to the Reconstructioir eactr new piece or r"ei.i.li"?,'iii,i6ilil -.ff".t"*1"ff.i1:tg*",ff*r.rral
prob_amen'trYreDta' Sress has ["ten -oiE-.iid'more liberty rem

-cilh
the act ls lts denial of due

981

rder
8ll

En-
rlth
Act
reed
da
cov-
t&e

lnl6-
The
FH.
0ver
ateS
iP

rced
:els-
icns
l,a r
the
:stl-
@r-

yot
the

rclu-
for

tght
Yet
rned
8u-

f the
ionel
pro
a.
nT'

per-
)on-

the
)on-
the

;dlc-
nust

'lng-'bid:
rote

)ourt
lasr

Con-
Isely
;titu-

rote
col-

Con-
Fed-
er to
nean
pass
offi-
leral

aof
Eas
)ope
rrity
Act,
the
\L as
Shts
oore

rob-
due

habr 2, l9El CONGRESSIONAL RSCORD - HOUSE tr 6865

prooc& Seotloa t o{ ttE rct ,orb{ds ss hs oqpgt!4gd.tlrelcutltrUoa' rcglsterd & f9O{. lhlle 16 lErcDnt
Etrt€s to enrct slccaoral lswr o{ ttro& d d€rocb o{ tb YotE Rlshts lrct- I were rerilgter3d h 19?6. Look 8t DE
ct octng rttJrogt lirut or&la3 tb€m belleve thrl beceure t&€ rot exceeded other:
rceptatlc to tae Aitorrny €lonerel or aooi.ttutJOrrl lrtbortty ln the thst
ifre

-ptstdct
Court lor tfre Otatrtct of 3rlece, t&e qny baa bcan opemd lor I

Columbla- Thls Ecans uret ttre cetrb- itleri,r court Io rced lnto [tr umnlngs rrl3t o*r
lish€dprlrrclpleofStatercnacttDgttrefrrmercofneltlrertbemtnorthe
electoral la$s and ecnlt'Lrg a ourt's t6tlr rmendnertt bad la nln& g:L---"-- tt! qle

ru1t"g o" ttritr tonstltutto=nattty tras Wtrit se hrve sccD dnce lhe +q ffiHr'i:..::.:::::.-:,.:.-..-:*-:::.::::.: ,ll g;
been thrown otfi tbe wlndow. Irutead, eton tn Allen agalnst State Board ot f,8o..---..-.-.-.---..---...-..-_. .e, et

standard and must be cleared ttrrougb of t.lre Votlrrc RlShts Act lrom an tn' Gr- r.
a sinsre court. arument- d"dsnfu to g"t"ilffitio r"Tl"",H"X?rfl:ffr[tffi?rmlfDlsputes lavolvlru -rqlqt$. rtsttls resirrtercd to rrcte end .I3It:.lI; ii;;,-;;"" States s6u heve to rubmhnormally go to 8 local dtstrlct court' almlnatory Utency t€sts to.! t::.!ll* &A "i;" most EIDui€ etectoratSenator Chra Ervrn h85 asked, 'OD rill gueraatee the uaxlnrrm Dcrttlctr --'--
what basts can you -Jrrsttfi rivtsrg, JtTecttveness ol mrno"1tdl1I#"ffi ehancgl to tbe Federal Govermmenl

'cloee all the courG trn the land except rr8s to 6g nBod to c,rsr!nt,;i til"r#; 1t-1? te6s to 1974' the Justlce Depart-
one?- THs aspect ot thi !aw, eo aeir ji-reciar ahorlttes to rroriirite,irrJ Pelat-ob'ected to onlv &2 peroent or

f ;lr.::1,*ri,r#'xJi?'$*ffi ffi"t*ilnigiffi ;*lifrffi#'ffi ti:;x$:""?
iJffi*,1g HS StX $ilf i* HtrJJ"id;flf$Sffi; r,?:l;!,'"""3gL1f"frceDt or 526 out o'

bioUt""i of voter di,sctimlnatlon. i"v t tA 1e ,+intrts tAar pofiticaf ^-t"-TY State of Teras' whlch lcads
661114 G very serlou6, as well, hrt no n;"stn. Th" tout ts aJrtys iUgtUer tlre Iatlon h electlon lal, cbaqses.
orr; G ruggeittng thtt we ecrap the fu- tfr" e-ife"t ot e tar b ascrtrtnrtory- the JPstlce Department has objet d
O"lst ryfim thrt &el6 wtth crtrnlnal irt "t to dtscrimtnr,te tns become tr- to-o4q 0.8 percent of trhoee chaoges
prps64rr-Uqm6 E}rt replaoe lt wlth en !& relevrlL rubmitted- That means DGI 5qrygrs
irinlstrattrrc meetrenlen thet cleam --fnJyotlng3ishtsAcqasoridnrlly

!ad- lo--revtew 16,208 tppUcrti@ ao
the dockets hrt tramplec co peopled r."ea, iinllted ttr* icoess to tni q!9 lEO tbev couH llnd a rcaso to
rtghts. We sttould gtve the tbutherrr [affot woUa normalpe the pertlcdpe. obJest qo. Otrr tttBt€ rtttrney gerteltl
Stefes overed Dy the VoterS RiShb tton of arlnorttles. Tbe Aller&ctsi'on, Mark Whlte, has satd that the act.r
Act thc semc dtre proess we neke horrever, unfatllr rsstra€d tbtt blrcks Gov€ragie tB too boad rDd tlrrt tt
rvdleDlctoalcgedcrhtnrls. routA aiw+fn Ui set aprrt lrom tJre mates noglrse, for,exenple, to hrYl
ItE d, icrbus eonstlhrtbrul rc* U tne popula6on ena tfrat tfrey to heve bUlnCurl hllots even ln qm.

prcbburrtttrtlrcYrtlnsBlgtltsActls ltvr},e votc- * a Dbc. The Votlns Ues-where there ere tew or m Bb
ttrst tt csertc a baslc lnequ+tlty Rish-ts Act authors telt tlrat ouce Danlcs. lfr. Vfh&c ssiC
a,B(}!ra gt re. thrt ere Eppos€d_to NacLE rerc cafrarchkeq that stlould But ttr8t doest Eatter to tederrt rlr-
Gxtst ln a rl{<rn on equal foothtg' The b€ the flnal responslblllty. tt &es not Orortttea q'e cttrl hrve to tubiDtt lrt
equrl loothg doct tDc holds tiet ho6 t$8t irst ban13e r group can go ctunao. Bo Eatt€r how nh*tc thct EIn't
"evert nerste,te t,lcatluedtoexerctse to the potts U dso lras a rtght to bc'
dl ttre Dowers of qov-emyngat IhlS expeet mrrtrnun polltlcel effeetirrc- We have the best voter retls'tn6ontelo4 to t,bc odglnal gq$ of Che Dess. systep h tbe country n tipr, ua
Unloa-- A S-tdc lter f rlgtrl to cGsU- Clearly, Congress did got &rt€nd Eec- ili t arJ teen coverei UV tUi i'd,lD8
hrttonsl e<lue$ty toth rt !L* tF. 4 tlon 6 of'tUe act to be tnteipreted so iliiili ict stnee tfl5. eri.y penon ceo
fts rrlmlrsroa rnd torcver. Thc ldea of hoadly. We strqdd took ,tr the r.g. re'lst€rUi rndl .[s flr6t d8i le comcs
cquet lootlDg lr useless lf I Strte ean marks of those who ortginally came to to-ilirs Lna Ue able to vo-te efter tO
be dcnled qualit, rtt€r tt bes becote the 1111l amrbrg for passage of the act. a"oi. --r peruanert Fember. Attorney General 13atzenbacrtr ln 19?5 - iu* lI tJrc act,s proponents Bne oon-rt seeEs cle8r th8t @neress do€5 said: cerned tJrat minorities tr8ve as muchno'i bave'ibe risb'i "

ryF, m # f. i!C,f. -iflf"##ffi,fr #",flLffiHhH$ffielectoral porers end
tion of the Cologtihrt
tslD Ststas t,lBt tbey ca,DDot Foceed dghts coara^nte€d to rlt cltlze
ritJr certrb ktnds of lcglslation rlth- dr€roua' ve$re' rad unrrir tes'ti'rno aio-id msde up anr average of 5'8 per'ent of
out prior lredes.al lppmval ryhile ttre enact a'tor1n; ;".pose "r

ai"""rt"t"nr"i"g Southern legislatures ln July 1980 'l
rest of ttrc tlnton c#ffi,;irJ G'i hlryrs; ' ' 'the vottnr Riahts Act rttemptl opposed to their constltutlng 5.2{ per'

blst'ot vbh,oa U n "ti*il'ir"ti"c
ed to elihlnrt€ there recirl barriers,' ' '. cent of nortJrenc legl,slatures" In frct.

doetdne. Gloe uay ;;-"*ih;-6; The evirlence ruggeets ttrst these the legislatures of tbe elx sout'trern
drasta Deaaures of section 5 a,re re- on8:inal Soals have -been reached. Mi' States originally oovered by the rct
quired bv certaln ;;ffi; Are- "oiti voGi iegistr&tion tras lncreased have the hiehest perc€Dtase of black

tions. We 6hould ,"""I1 ;h" s"ir"-u tremindously ina uteracy tests have membership, 8'{ perceBt' randng lrom
Cburt tn lt6 193{ BhdilU-e;d;;--- been benned nationwide. iqtUne asiOe !-}oY 9f 3.6 percent'black members ln

ED.,zency
'oes

nor.;;;;:'il".- the serious constitutton&l herects or vireinia to s high of l0'? percent ln

ecrry doer Et tDcrea5 A#;J;;;;. ttre act and assgming ttre validitv of Alebama'
.e-&e or diminish gtre rcitiicitoofimpced its original goals, let us look at the evi- What these fisur€s sugE€S to ne ls
upon power sranted dence of its success. You will probably that ttrere haq been a good elough

\[e rhould think long end hard aeree with me that there is Uttle Justi' record on vottrg rtshts ln tJre dfected
before we conclude thaiany special firptton for continulru the temporarY Ststes to allow tJre tcmporanT provl'
conaiUons Justify Congresi tating provlsions, sectlons ,l and 5 in t&eir sions to either explre or be clgnific8nt'
eway Stat€

- power, es tra.s occurred present form. ly changed. The requlroents for Fed'
itrr6"gtr ine Voting-nGnts lct. By L972, more tha,n I million new eral preclearanoe were Dever Besnt to-}-11f;d

tD necenl Supreme Court de- black voters were regdstered in the be permanent. We should not allow
cisions Jntemreting Uie scope of the seven States ln tlre 6outh orlSinslly tJris unprecedented sxelclse of iegisla'
V;iiffEtEhia Actg;1d expenains irc covered by tJre a.t. Irl 196{, Alaba.ma trve authority to contlnu, capccirlly
prir-piq lron belplng

- rninedLis6 h8d 23 perccat of ltr elifilble bla,cIs h USh! of our stmlfbzt -rurd ol
ictrieve rooess to ttre ballot box to tgistered. ID 19?6, 58.1 Dercent sere achievtrrg tlre ortehel gods of tDe
Suar8nt€ehS tJrem polltlcal eftectlve. reglstered. Itr Georgls" {{ percent were Votlng Rlghts Act.

Octobr 2, 1981
I wlI be offerlng eeverel rmend- rwetilng the beleaguerrd gyslphus asmenta to the comnlttee btu that, lI eg8ln, tn &gulsh, [e ues6-h6-irarEadopte4 would leesen the oDcnou! less atruggle bacf

'to
ttri -top.

burden of the act end lessen tts congtr. our driiy as t;riafiG ilie extenslon
. tutlonal weaknesses. Ttre burden ol ot the Voitng Rtghta ict toaev, G to
| , nr-oof sho"tl F ghttted to the Federal do our psrt to glmtnatc tne eiiiOgus' ,' clovernment, the JurlBdlctlon for lrear- burden of rilRenjrranchlsemeit that

^, lPs yojllrs. rlghts cases under tbe act has planred blacks, Elspanlcs, end,- thoutd not b€ umrbd !o the Fbderal other Amerlcans thr6ugtrout our spot

H 6866 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE

' Distrlct Court ln tbe Dlstrlct ol Co- ted hls-torv.
,lrryPl". Most- fuoportant, the "effects r ask iou today to ahoulder thel:_-----.

-wr
.gyv.e Er.ww . DA yuu t r(Itly L(, EIff,UIqgf Ene

l,;te3t,'l yheryby the dlscrlmtnatory burden wtrtctr Utted, h8s let e bhc[_r.ueEli wnereDy Lne crBcnmlna
J eltecl of I Etete'B laws .Bre moreierrecr gr._8 lrta!,e'8 laws'are more rrn- Eraest McGowa^n, I bleck Anthony

1 portant-than thelr lnteat, should be Eell, a Mexlca^n Aniacan Ben Reyei

r wur er euerllrs tevenr rrneno- rwillln3l ltle beleaguercd^ Byslphus as hearta would llke to 8ee lt, tt seem! toments to the commlttee btU that, lI es8ln, tn &gulsh, [e Ues6-h6-irasE iiiltilt we should Ue very airulttve tnadopte4 would leesen the oDcnou! less atruggle bacf'to ttri-top. ttnkerlng wlth the law, that r,e ahouldburden of the act end lessen tts congtl- our duiy as t;d4fi-te ttie extenslon [i"iorite"nea wlth our eblllry to tm-tutlonal weaknesses. Ttre burden ol ot the voitng Rtghta Act toaiv, G tii iioiJ'inu law, end have enough com-r proof should be ghltted to the Federal do our psrt to eu-mrnate tnC iiiiOorii ;Gt;; for those clvll rlghts orsanlza_lOovernment'thejurlBdlctlonforlrear' burden- of adnfrenctrtsement ltrat ffons-tuet are lrlghtened that theyllng votlng.rlghts cases under tbe act has ptanreO biac-k&--EGpanfc, ena ;;y-h;Bdverselyaffeeted.r should not be ltmtted !o the Fbderal ottreiAmerlcans ttrr6ugtrout our spot
' Distrlct Court ln tbe Dlstrlct ol Co- ted hls-tory. E l3f6
,lumbla. Most ltoportant, the "effects I -ask 1oy today to ah.oulder. .the Mr. IIyDE. Mr. Chalnrran, I yleld 6I test," whereby the dlscrlmtnatory burden y-hlch Utted, h8s fet -e .Utac[ -ffiiriJ" to the genueman from Southieirect 9f..8 Sqle'g laws'ere more lm- rrnest rvrcoowan"-i -uracr_An4;;t

A};ffi;(MT.SA6,BE11).
1 portant-than thelr lnteat, should be Eell, a Mexlca^n AniAca:r";;n'"t-*";;;;;;;;$Tlllif-$:$$ffi

;{,i.,TJfi d:x"dffi,"""Y#*:lrs-;;:pret sectlon 6 as broadly es we have tn shgle membeiattrfcG.'
!!e past, we ere on the-road to havtng --lie

must snouldiiihi burden whlch- _Mr. CAMPBFj.r.. Mr. Chatrrnan" as e

:?:**t"#,",g5""q,o?oo"B[il*l#T,,ta;gi;gi;'#il-ilft?:ffilS[ilTf",trfi l"",?HlB

ffijHil,ffi;ffi#:ffii r*$r#g; *+jif #tffij# litqit ffir,h$,;#**;,:u";
"#i,,l",jl:"r$:ff"T[l5"**?i3g| fg*"$:li*:*t mf*t*"g :"Itx",bffi;h thorrsht,and ater rark.llves. as an lnteerBl pa* of lirJaci lns to people on ell sides of thts lssue,

Mr. EDWARDS of callflnrte. lfir. r asr v6u ti EiroirlA;;-ii; burden. r announced o:t July 23 my support
Chalrmtn, I yleld 1 mlnute to tfie gen- gpeaklnr not onlv G-l -}JUJ* ri.i: for extending the Voting Rlghts Act. I
tlemLnfrom Texas (Mr. Lrr.ero). liasue, Uut atsoas o"e wUo fia, dirJ"i explalned at the time that I learned(l[t'. r'Fr'Ar\rrr rcked aJr{ was 8ilven tv uen-erttea iiom inG

-;n;i;
;;;;- Ions aso- Just how fraelle the rlsht toperolsslon to revl,se and extend hla rc- sLrV act. vote ls-how vulnerable tt ls to threets

".fffilo ,_. Mr. sharrman, r trury ,"1'i.g1#ffi,yt#;"#Hl"f,[?HJ ;i"j3t"rffiLyl*,trH9*.Hi"i'J
appreclate this opportunlty and I pass thts act. I knfi-thil-ii"itt*r- own country and ln our own time. I
would llke to commend the gentleman lfr15 neaw, tretnous Uoufaer

";lfte
d,G: polnted out that lt was not long ago

from Californls (Mr. Eowrnps), and ol enrranctrtsbment can u" 6Lur--t"*Ja lhet mlnority particlpetlon tn mv
course the genileman

-
fiom New hto the llUeratinrsea State'E polltics was negtltsilble. In 196d,

Jersey tJ{r..!,9ouro), for thls excellent I *sc tnC piisagC of E.R. t1t2. for l{rstance, only l$.6-percent of eligi-piece of leedslatlon. Ttrere Bre many wlthout amendir.ent.- ble black voters were regrstered to vo-tepB4{ of this legdslaflon that I do not Mr. EDWARDS of Callfornia. Mr. ln South Carolina. To some, that ts an-partlcularly agr,ee crlth, but ln tbe Chairmen, I yleld f mjnute to tt e c;- cient hlstory to be relegatea to schoolsp!{t of oompronlse, ln the spirtt of tleman from-New Vort tfrCr. nelriJi. textbooks and forgotten. To blackpolltlcs, I undertend why lt ls thet we I distlngutshed former memUei oittrd Amerlcans, however, this l,s not an-
have to accept whst l,B ln thts bill 6pmmtl1,se. clent history, for beirha the untortu-Mr. Chairma,n, I stand ^ber-e rrepre- (Mr. ItANcri:r.asked and was glven nate statistics there were men and
se-ntetlve of ao exqrnple- of what tt l,s, permlsslon to revi,se and extend hts;; women who for nearly lfi) years after
wherc lnstrunents that have been pre- marts.l the pn-csggs of the tsitr aotinament to
sented to-thls country would allow lor Mr. RANGE:r.. Mr. Chalrman, 1 the U.S. Constttution were denied enopportrmlues for minorlties llte would llke to Jobr slth those who h'avi egual chance to ererctse the mostmyself to -partlctpate ln the Amerlcan supportcd thC leadershlp of Ctretrmsp basic freedom offered by a democracy.process of -democracy. My views erc RoDrNo, Subcornmittee Chairman Ep- There is another lesson from the notsomewhatdifferentthan-probatrlvthe wARDs, €,nd more lmportanuy Mr. so distant past thst i can--ipeat to
R&Jorttv of the Members of thls Eros, who had different ideas i,ut tri ftrsthand. Fbr It n'as not iongtgo tnatIlguse of Representatlves on both was able to hear testlmony to p;or? to another type of ,oter d6ir"ination
sides' but rather I had the oppodunlty his satisfaction that we

-needea inG existed ln the South. Th;se oi us wrro
because I qYn 8n Amerlcan citlzen. EG- type,of leerslation. labored tor years-to m-ai" i i*r*p""tvtorical accidents called racism and It is recognDed that no one could re- system a riatity tn-ih; orrce soria

repealed. h my clty of ffoustort-iex., slt proira.I belleve that lf we conflnue to tntel- tv oi tnL nW-coi-dU, itected frompret sectlon 6 as broadly es we have tn shgle membeiattrfcG.' -

!!e past, we ere on the road to havtng lie must snoulOeiihi burden whlch,the Federal Government approve when llfted, tras eDowea i o+pCrcCni
eve-ry ac! of goverament st tbe stete lncrease tnlMexlcan amertcan votCrand local level. At a tlTe wh-eu peopte regtstraflon ana e ]O-peEent lncreasewant- less government

--und lreater ln Elspanlc electe0 ofticfUs h Texasfreedom, we must not allow our decl- for thd hst e yCars. rtri uurngual pio-
slon on the vottng Rlgtrts Act to lead ylslons of the;,;Gtbe extended toto e greater Federal presenoe ln our lgg2 now-not later tn tsas-uut nowllves. as an lntegrBl pa* oflirJact.Mr. EDWARDS of callflnrte. rfir. r asr v6u ti EiroidA;; ahe burden,Chalrmtn, I yleld 1 mlnute to tfie gen- gpeaklnr not only G- a feUow col-tlemr.nrrom Texas (Mr. r,rr.ero). liasue, but atsoas one wuo has direct-(l[t'. r.Fr.Al\frr rcked

-aJr{ was 8ilven lV Uen-efttea iiom inG
-ev",

"o
neces-perolsslon to revl,se and extend hlg rc- slrv act.marks.) lii. CtratrmarL we must shoulder

t\{y. r.rx.AND. Mr. ghalrman, I truly ttrb formidsUie
-Luraen

together andappreclate this opportunrty end r pass thts act. r knt;__th;i tosether,would llke to commend the gen0eman lfr|s neaW, tretnous UoufaCr cati-ea at.from californla (Mr. Eowrnps), and ol enrranctrtsbment can ue easuv toGeocourse the genueman
-
fiom New hto the llUeratinfsea.-

Jersey tJ{r..!,9ouro), for thls excellent I *sc thC d;s8d of E.R. E1t2,piece of le8islatlon. Ttrere arre man:y wlthout amen.tment.-

other kinds of obstacles placed in our strict or would want to restrict Mem- Democratiesoutirneednotberemind-paths have tndeed disallowed for Els- bersJrom offering nmendments to thls ed that ttre pofiticaf-il;G ls notpanics and blacks to participate ID tbe leelslation, and by the sa,me token, I always as open ancl fn& as tt shouldpr^oegss equsily. c&n see how some are shocked that be. For years, Republicans wire oftenrt takes longer than 20 or B0 yearE to perhaps some of the laws do not the victiins or intiiriaation arra n..as"-correct those blstorical accidents. I ask appear to be equitable as they treat ment ln certain oorners of ttrl South.for opportunities like this biil to pro certaln Statcs different trom bttiers, Yes, there wene even scattered acts ofceed- with correctlng those hlstorical but I thtnk there are many, many violence perpetrated on thG-trouble-accidents ln America- gxoups in this country that would red. some, noncoirro.mlrrg --r"6irtv cautngMr. Chairman, I am reminded now, ognize that when tiris country had themielves Republicans. It ts no&t this moment 60 strong in historical treated certain of lts citDens in iuch a wonder ttrat ariiJks-ana'nepuulicansrepetition of the Grecian mvth of Sy' msnner tn whieh they had to give up have often Joined togett ei-aird ca,lledsiphus. sisvphus. whose endless pught their llves and lose tire lives or tneii upon the frotectioris of tne voilngin tortured lnmortality was to heive loved ones, when this countrv knows Rignts Act to as""r"lai. et-eciton pro-and push' tug and tow I huge, rough, thet lt has denied the peolle u'ho have cedures ln statJgJve.n-e"G.-rock up the awkward, craggy slopes of Siven up their lives in war and still So, as I approach the issue of voflnga.Eteep mountain-upon reaching the were not given the opportunity to rep- riifiisJ do so mindlul that this ts notpinncle-elv I to see that boulder resent their peopie t, tesistati;e ;1i6;r-&l ver5us conserva.6ve, Republi-plummet, crashing, and breaktng, bodies, when we c-an see today as e can-
-versus

Democratic, or Northdosrc to the usIJ bottom. \f,atching result of this taw wJ trave biougni vir.rrs 6o"ttr -Gue.-pe'riLgJgu"s
arrothat rock lle brazenly, scoffihgly, America closer to what ali of us in 6ur eitiemirt", and those who would

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@nbr 2, 1981

rnteec the worst klnd of n8rrow partl'
fi polltlcs, have Do place ln s dlscug'
Iton of aomethlng es lundamental as
-orotecttng t,he rtght to vote. Instead,
Snat ts needed la a aenge of falrnesg, e
.ense of equrty, and a rense of htstory.--Mr. Chalrman, lt ls ln the splrlt tJtat
r have over the Past Eonths brought
iogether dlsparate Sxoups ln a Slood-
ia,ttn attempt to lorge the klnd of
broad, blpartlsan oonsensus that
ought to exlst about legislatlon to pro-
tect the vottng rlghts of everyotre.
Many of u8 agree that the aruwer Ues
tn lncorporatlns lnto the Votlns
Rlshts Act e felr mechanlsm that
would sllos those covered Jurlsdlc'
ilons wlth Slood votlng rlghts records
Bn opportunlty to galn rellef from the
oreclearance provlslon of the law. Thls
iflay we begln to take the flrst steps ln
focuslng attentlon on those remainlng
reglons that perpetuate a system of
voter discrlmlnatio4 no longer could
those Jurlsdictlons that wish to keep
their electlon pr@ess closed elude
public and governmental scruttny by
hidtng behlnd the mass of the some
1,296 cltles, towns, countles, aJrd
States covered by the present law. And
no longer would State end local offl-
ciafs feel penallzed by a law that ln lts
present form oflers no recogrrltion or
reward to those Jurlsdtctlons that have
trted to mnke thelr electlon laws fair
to everyone.

A Votbrg Rights Act wtth e falr ball-
out ls leglslatlve recognition that
much pro8ress has been made ln the
South, and that blsck poUtlcal
strenerth ls a fact throughout the
South. As a recent article ln the \trall
Street Journal potnted out, last year
59.5 percent of all votlng-age blacks tn
Misslsstppt voted, as dld 51.3 percent
of all votlng-age blacks ln South Caro.
lina. Ttre comparsble ftgures were {0.{
percent for New York" a.nd 38.{ per-
oent for-MassBchusetts. As the face of
the South changes, and as thls area
becomes absorbed lnto what ls more
popularly refered to as the Sun Belt,
our task ls to recognEe these changes
and to understand that the Vottng
Rights Act, lf tt is to remaln vltal and
effectlve, requires carefully considered
adjustment.

By rejecting straight extenslon of
the present law, and by refuslng to
allow the act to expire, the House Ju-
diciary Committee has framed the
proper parameters for this debate.
There remalns a questlon whether
State governments should be permlt-
ted to seek bailout untll all of their po-
litical subdivlsions Bre elielble. If not,
then lt would logically follow that
New York, North Carolina, and other
States should be under prectearance ln
whole because they have covered sub-
divlsions. I shall offer an a.mendment
to allow lndependent bailout under
eertain conditions.

There 0,r, gther ar€as of concern
that EiU 6e addressed by amendments,
some of whlch I shall support, others I
shall not. It ls unfalr-tndeed lt ts
sheer demegoguery-to suggest that

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
rll emendments to the commlttee blll
repregent o backdoor ettempt to klll
thls leglslatlon. I have confldence that
rry colleagues wUl recognlze meny
rrnendmentg es ssnslble and construc-
tlve proposals that wl[ glve the Votlng
Rlghts Act the ktnd ot broad, blpartl-
ten conaensus lt deserves, for I am
geeklng to support thtB b[l and to
work for lts acceptance here and ln
Bouth Carollna.

Mr. Chatrman, I yleld beck the bal-
ened ol my tlme.

Mr. EDWARDS of Callfornla. Mr.
Chalnnan, I yleld 2 mlnutcs to the
gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. F\cnp).

(Mr. FCII,D of Tennessee asked and
was gilven permission to revlse and
extend hb remarks.)

Mr. FORD of Tennessee. Mr. Chalr-
man, I rlse ln ctrong support of H.R.
3112, end I would llke to commend my
colleagues on both sldes of the alsle
lor tJre leadershlp they have shown ln
thts leeGlation.

I also wish to go on record today,
Mr. Chalrman, as ssylng thBt I wlU
oppose a.rtv and all amendments thet
may be offered to weaken the Votlng
Rlghts Act extenslon.

It ls clear that dlscrlmlnatlon ls allve
and well tn the affected Southern
States as well as the subdlvisions. Tes-
tlmony provlded et the subcommlttee
hearlngs shows that voter dlscrlmlna-
tlon has merely gotten more eophistl-
cate4 and that the lntentions are to
keep polttlcal power from mlnorities ln
areas that would be affeeted a.nd even
where they are Bpproachlng a malor-
Itv.

I thtnk the record wlll show that tn
1981, 58 percent of the blsck southem
votlng age populatlon l,s reelstered,
compared to 80 percent of the whtte
voting age populatlon.

In the l5 years we have had the
Votlng Rlghts Act, bleck vot€r reSris-
tration lncreased by I,f38 percent ln
the Stst€ of Mississippl, by 150 per-
cent ln the State of Alabarna. and by
lO0 percent h the State of louisiana-
Yet the fact remains that black regis-
tratlon ls still 20 percent lower i:r this
re8lon than whitc.

Since the act, southera black electcd
officials have gone from less than 100
to 2,400. Yet only 3 percent of the
area's Stste senators are black, 8 per-
eent of the State representatives are
black, less than 5 percent of members
of governing boards are black, and 3
percent of the mayors sre bl8ck.

As to the orlglnal affected States-
Alabama, Georgia, Loulslana, Missis-
slppi, North Carolina, South C&roline,
and Virsinia--only 5 percent of the
elected officlals ln these @vered
States are blsck, tn an area that ts 26
percent black.

In Alabama, five of the seven coun-
tles designated for reregistration ln
1981 are in the "black belt." The spon-
sor of the rereglstration blll ln the
State legislature exempt€d the pre-
domlnantly whlte counties in hls dls-
trlct from compliance with the reeis-
tratlon blll.

H 6867
In l9?8, Choctaw County, AlB.,

shlte regl,stratlon decllned 22 percent.
and black reglstratlon by {? percent
lollowlng voter rere8 strstlon.

Recently, Vlrglnla trled to lmple.
ment e rcdlstrlctlng plan that eom-
btned largely whlte areas to creat€
new dtstrlcts Baktng lt almost lmpossl-
ble for blacks to lncrease thelr eurrent
representatlon ln the State leglslature
(lour delesates and two Etate sena-
tors). For example, the {6th Eouse
dlstrlct ls 55 percent bl&ck; the plan
would maJre tt a whlte majorlty.

Whlle much has been done, more
work remalns. I stand ln complete sup-
port of thls unamended blll.

Mr. EYDE. Mr. Chalrmaru I yleld {
mlnutes to the gentleman from Vlreln-
la (Mr. BLILEY).

(Mr. BLILEY asked and ws given
permlsslon to revlse and extend hls re-
marks.)

Mr. BLIIJY. Mr. Chatrman, the
rlght to register and vote ls one of the
fundamental rlghts of citizens every-
where, and so lt ls the fundnmenta.l
duty of thts body to protect that right
to the fullest extent. I am truly sorry
that the blU we wtU be considerlng
today a.nd Monday does not meet that
tequlrement.

Mr. Chalrman, E-R.3112, the Judlcl-
ary Commlttee's proposal to extend
sections { and 6 of the 1965 Voting
Rlghts Act, has Dumerous flaws ln lt-
flaws tbat pergetuete old problems,
gnd ll8ws that creatc new ones. The
difficultles rrttb thtg blll are rlmost
too numerous to mentlon lndividually.

My concenr, a.nd the ooncera of per-
sons ln Jurlsdictions covered by the
preclearence provlsions of sectlon 5, ls
wlth provisions that would exacerbate
tJre very lneguities we should be 8d-
dresslng.

First 8nd foremoat, thts blU allows
no tnelna by whlch a Jurlsdictlon bur-
dened wlth pr€clearance could remove
ItselI lrom ooverage. The commlttee
Ealnta,lns lt has developed a reason-
eble, reliable beilout for covered jurls-
dlctions. But upon examinetlon of
that bailout mectanlsm, I fall to un-
derstalrd how a,ny Jurlsdiction could be
eliedble.

This biU contr&dlcts known legnl
procedure and seeks to tnterpret h-
struments of law ln a loose and un-
guided manner. In no eourt ls a con-
sent decree lnterpreted as an admis-
sion of guilt. But lt ls according to the
Judiclary Commtttee. Consent decrees
ln no way lndicate gullt on anyone'E
per[, but lnstead acknowledge an
agreement has been reached between
two disaereelrc partles.

Before I Joined thts body, I eerved as
mayor of the ctty of Richmond, Vaz I
served ln that capacity for ? years,
having been elected for only 2. The
reason for my extended terrr was that
the Justlce Depsrtment enJotned the
clty from holdlng eltEEons for 5 years.
Their objectton pasto en at-larele eity
council, though the department ap-
proved an at-large election for the

ilmffiilffiH,ffi"f;;,I?Ti ffi#!ffi{*H;M
,m,",?i*:1",f;i,m;"idlUi: cdun"t' -ff di#

n;,#dx+:pggSp r{ffiffiffi i
Drevented ;recuons,rr nr,G.i"i ril! fr,l i3:,E['ffij".tr{lfrm ffi*; ail;ti;Iiloo.
vearE' r wrs trle4 tJre cltv ta' ur;d. FIt,;ET."ffif& Hi fifi;ffi -_1t,q-* rr rozo, rrr-lu"rrt . o".,

thelr poslUou and ,", d,rr., uoiil-i! lcs hoEG wer tt e rr.rlcould euffer no lonSer.-At Gt, tJ."-*I iatnrnS the{r roar. mipartmeat rnd thc clty encliiierealir ducttvc mcmberr oil oalreeEreDt that rrould stoD tfc r.,nse_ contrtbuuons tJrer llless Bnd exDenstvE h*srrtt-Tf.rm Lj6" ,o thr. ouatrr,sDepartment wuuarqw- tr-.hJ*uffi iaa curturer vcrttt inand the court to.,nf U Lonn-6iliui Lro"c prlcel, Tbe n
tr,ffggffiutr,"r.tr,u[ ii"# iii bg: {-!nc-vgrne r

ffi,?,EhikE#Hfl,tffiffifr1'Fgn ft dsned the csnreat deeiee.Rlehmond;i6ri- or
""--p-rfi

;-eH ."X',*;"ffi tgffi q
eectlon 5 b pertect.

-- . lDt€Dd to lee thrt t&G crBut aos the Judtetary Cormftbe i_U. o* s Aericru. r?ould ber nlcrimcra-rro,n" uin..it"f,i Lr".porvgrorroiffiiu-u*.-- ,ot"_lrF&Ty,1t""HH
"Tt#**cause re nade e coope'tfsre ntre; Ii. *"t *"t-r.i io,.uiru to ao grgl:i*;elq ;;ril pou taxes,

HH#-trffi,flH]tr #m, Fp=:"I# $ ry.;r##x,","""n*t mX
s% "i*'rhffie'-g### r,.* r,ru;ffi.ff

f$,ffit#:tr-ffi1ffi8frthen rhet r=ason kfrd***t""ffi ;,ffi;tffi**e.df ffi Hn*.sfudtv vould heve bee.n p"rrecui
"itfiil cuss-e E ,,iortui iii*i dfi-f* ;ffi ga.l,btinc Bre Ea.de taconveulenr forhlg or her rkht to rut-"rtt .ilr"ii'iti iir&I"u". -id;Hi'r".y-ii;[ ;rf; vorkrng peopre. I,llrng leer for Doren-Justice Department to" iuffiii -riii Ap*, .eve.n rr tue *,t"ii-ir;t;-"il: gd .".r,$d"r,F ere i.onEiuvery ex-rlght to vote.

iit f,daid eqrent decrces.p b" *o il"tn'"'3*TlH,"t :-V""g" -tmrru* eePstvl_I1 :i,bdi"fi-ffidu& erl
s&uv ui'rG i";."ro',"-ois,r ;d;; ;+'"d. -iii6-t;il ffiHf"*: i$rlf,:Blii""? m:,X*,lmr broad redethmq a ;.ir""r Eiil tfut;_b"r.il;;il;1" cnac.ted heve esa.meat'- t&e eurnrtrce. r xtueuv-il- Gn-.et dr &ceJfi.'h;--"t";'i T-" ,". e nation have made 8re8ttrffi.ffiE"ffiB}Si i-""tionuo c-'ffiJis;to

"odri*i strrdes
-"io"" re2o"ro-fr;,eil.n -i,,o"-ae-tueilenilt-ai#,.tro,,, rr 6;;a #iHilfi [:t$trff#rJ$ f;;;"s*lr* G tui"?-""ouc

or vothrg rrshts. r yoDdq,-h8d--rfi iJ,-ai"g.-e"+ i-r"E1H;-irr";; a"+E Xffit#j"8r.ff.ffiH"*prott6i@ beca in orrce G lrro:T fo".ri.qvffie-tJtl6ie.iorrr.tn t anderLEffiHffi-Et#,'tr E'q€*ryst$,ftTffiH ffi ;flffffi:S:,}"r ffit'H*F"H
create a cooper&rive crimare ro'-tfr il.-u"o .pp"Gtid- fi' --priiiiii ^*-r-i'fff H.ttI.ffi"flt[HDr'otection d vdirg ttttt+ tt ",tri til- t1-J JfTtTirerr^ oprntJn trrii rore tJren qolpled rn trreae'strt€s tnremove trrrs stims troa cou"":inr ie- iiiitauot" rii; fitd;; ffid;;iil thu qG frHy*".Hffioa er trrecrees.

:ffi lii x"r*ig *iry6q tr tr'ffi?J+ikrH'"ffi ti ffi-ffilffi in$,::#
$!_ffi'f H:;"ii#.i rn"""e ioeff"criv;ffi;;;esE&ry p,* l" *,-i,"ffi1*Tr3:l Hiffil Hthercin _.vrqsw .:.-"_^j:lg-,rot,e_ro neDeal theE. Just 2 yeaE.

-.f,*r,?ff .";;", ;,,* ffiiffiffift ,,H.*i$r*h",,,om ??r- t't;. Eiftbvlr vierd to nre senre-
.itfff Htitr#ffiii; m*, u'.ir"o ;lfrfr srp'Lman froo Arizons_

trir. fruDtr;ff"d
"Td

*t,4v9n per- nermission toT,iEliiLt"ro tG'..- r.".i;Tffikffi.+}}Hffii
i

Euasron to revise and ertend nis-i* -Iir.. FowLER. Mr. chairmen, , H;f[sutcred to rcte
_rr_aeorct8

!
E8lks.)

rr#,ffi,.ffi r:t,trffi#ffiq.ffiiffi g-ffi,r
1975, lt heaned unneillr**ffiffiffi'rffiffiiiiliimffiffisffip,ffi1,*

aro
pou
tra-
:8e
for
€st,
trl-
re-

d{y
re-

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to

c\ol-
re8,
rtlll-
ack

981

'ltal
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hlle
iles
rgh,
rlts.
ool-
rlch
rnd

Oa.,
lev.
the
eral
td"
the

Ita"
ery
rffl.
inl-
ile8.
ion
for
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ex-
are
'otn
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ror.
rtic
be

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hts
isl-
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ion
rln
ihe
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of
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ot
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October 2, 1981

were reglstered to vote lncreared lrom
20.3 to 61.9 Pereent.

The Votlng Rlghts Aet has brought
about many changes, but there lr stlll
much to do. In Oeorgle, as lo most
Eiouthern Atates, black rneglstratlon
generally remalns 20 percent lower
thst whlt€ reelstratlon, wlth ,ust over
one-half of the black populatlon of
vottng age reglstered to vote. And
votlng abuses eontlnue, As recently as
1980, ln TaUsferro County, the ahertff
8nd hts deputy, both whtte, took lt
upon themselves to dellver ebsentee
baUots to black households and help
voters flll them out. The r€sults were
predlctable. In eouthwest Georgta tn
1974, a black ca^ndldate r'Bn unopposed
ln a primary lor the Democratlc noml-
notlon for e school board seBt. Slnce lt
w8s an uncontested electlon, D8
people went to the polls to vote. When
the votes were tallled a whlte candl-
date had somehow accumulated 69
write-ln votes to wln the electlon. The
election was eventually throwD out by
the courts, but tt serves as an example
of what can be done and ls done to
cornrpt tJre electoral prooess end deny
mtnorities thelr rlghtful volce ln self-
government.

My State is not tJre only, nor ls lt
the worst, offender ln the area ot
vottng regulatlons 8nd procedures.
You have all read or heard of slmllar
cases ln Jurlsdtctlons throughout tJre
Nation. Although lt is prlmarlly
Southera States whlch are most . sig-
nificantly aflected by the Voting
Right Act, the Southwest, West, a,nd
Northeast contlnue to produce ln-
stances of harassment and inttmlda-

. tlon of mlnorlties. Eispanlcs ln Texas,
California" and New York are still en-
countering language-discrlmlnatory
registratlon'a^nd voting practices, such
as e lack of bfllngual materlals. In
Texa.s, 85 obJeetio4s to proposed
voting law changes have been raised
since that 6tate vas added to the
Votfurg Rights Act preclearance cover-
age tur 1975.

It is not my purpose to sta.nd here
and cast stones Bt other States, or at
election officlals ln my own State.
These thlnels continue to happen be-
cause the vote ls so lmportant tn
Amerlca" and I rtse only to underscore
tts lmportsnce and our constitutional
duty to nurture and preserve lt ln the
most aggresslve manner we can del'lse.

You and I know that votlng ls real
power ln this eountry. Voting strength
for mlnorlties, ln the practlcal world
of politics and government, means lm-
proved public servlces, -falrer location
of publlc parks and cultural facilities,
lmproved transportation routes, par-
ticipation ln public emploltnent-ln
short, responsive government. We ln
government have to &nswer to our
voters.

Effeetive voter participation ls also a
strong iryfcunent to responsible par-
tlcipation tn the economic life of our
communities. The right to vote carries
with lt responslbtlity, and sn tnherent
stake ln the future of our soclety. It ls

CONGR"ESSIONAL R"ECORD - HOUSE
the flrat rnd ell-lmportant ct€p tovard
lull partlclpatlon ln the economlc as
well as the polltlsal llle of Amerlca.

Glven thls flrat rtep, blacks 8nd Hls-
pa,nlcs by the mllllons have taken the
addltlonal rteps towsrd produetlve ln-
volvement [r all phases of roclety.
They have bullt upon the cornerstone
of thelr place tn our democracy 8 Bolld
place ln our economlc Ife. In Atlanta,
the president ol our Cha.nrber of Com-
merce, Eerman Russell, ls a bleck busl-
Dessman ol natlonal reputstlon 8nd
extraordlnary success. Many ol the
Natlon's largest mlnorlty-owned bust-
nesses are located tn our ctty. Blacks
are contlnually emer8lng as both busl-
ness and pollttcal leaders ln a vlbrant
urban eornmunlty where blractal busi-
ness actlvltles 8o hand-ln-ba.nd wlth e
worklng poUtlcBl partnershlp.

We have won many battles, but we
hBve not yet won the war esislnst dis-
crimtratlon Lr votlng. We need the en-
forcement mechanlsms of the Vottng
Rights Act nearly as Euch today as we

lD 1920 when Reverend l(lng
hls qulet flght, and nearly as

much as we did ln 1065 wben the
Votlng Rights Act was first passed.
The key to the Vottng Rights Act wtll
contlnue to be the sectlon 5 preclear-
lnce procedures, whlch represent an
efficient and economlcel method for
lnsurlng compllance wlth this land-
mark statute. Our courts are awash tn
a sea of Utigatton already, and we do
Dot need more of that. \ile need a
strong lncenUve to comply with the
spirit of the ect, end preclearance.
combined with tbe rlgorous ballout
standards wrltten lDto thl6 bill by the
Judtciary Cornmlttee, will provlde
th&t.

With the commltteefs biU, we !r ttre
Con8ress have the opportuntty, and
the morsl obUcstlon, to lnsure thst
the rlght to vote ls not abrldged, and
that no clttzen is ever discrimlnated
asainst, drrectly or hdirectly, when
registering, votlng or running lor
publlc office. To deny one citizen this
ba.sic right ls to undermine our entlre
democratic system, but by our support
of this bill, we can reaffirm the princi-
ples upon whtch this great Natlon wea
founded more than 200 years ago.

President l+yndon Johnson, when
submittlrg the votlng rtghts leglsla-
tlon, stressed the far-reachfuU impact
of the right to vote !o hls lnlmitable
way:

I want 8ll those other thlngs-buses, res-
taura^nts, all of thBt-but the rlsht to vot€
wlth no ifs. ands or buts, that's the key.

Today lt is still the key-the key to
full and responsible participation ln
our soclety,

I urge your support of H.R. 3112.
Mr. EDWARDS of Callfornla. Mr.

Chalrman, I yteld 3 mlnutes to the dls-
tlnguished g'entlemen from Massachu-
setts (Mr. Fhelrx), a member of the
committee.

Mr. FB,ANK. Mr. Chairman, thls ls a
time when we have heard a great deal
about the Droblems of government and

II 6869
excesslve regnrlatlon and rbout colu-
tlofu betlrs worae tha,n probleme.

The Votlng Rtghts Act l,g e plece ol
governmentel machlnery that haa
worked extraordlnarlly well. There
wag an admltted problem; lt was not
Just e problem but lt was one of the
most sertous detrimonts ln the fabrtc
of Amerlcan democracy. The wlde.
spreBd and the wldely admltted and
doeumented fact that people ln larele
numbers were being denied the rlSlht
to vote tn thls country because of thelr
color was a disgrace. Thls act did more
to undo that dlsgrace than sny other
slngle action that was ever taken.

But we stlU have a problem. Enor-
mous progiress has been made, and for
the Congress Bt this ttme elther to fall
to conttrue that act or substantlally to
weaken lt would be a very grave error.

This ls a case where e plece of leeG.
latlon had been carefully crefted to
meet the problem that exlsted. It was
not overdrawrr and lt bas not been
overused. There was no record here of
horror storles that anyone could brtng
forward about ebuses, end certalnly
any rational calculation of what has
heppened here would come dowrr on
the side of saylng that thls act has
been much more productlve of good
than almost any other act we can cite.

We have heard the notlon that we
need somehow to lmprove ttre act by
extending lt to the entlre country, and
that is obviously one put forward by
those who have opposed the act over
the years; they have been the advo
cates of that notion. It ls really an
effort to obfirscate the lssue end to do
by indirection vhat people do not
want to do directly. Ttle recent lnnova-
tlon of the act ln New'York Clty, I
thlnk" refutes the lmplicaUon that
there is reeionsl blas.

Mr. Chairman, thr,s ls an extraordi-
nary plece of leglslstlon, a^nd I trope
we cen continue lt.

Mr. PEILIJP BITRTON. Mr.9hair-
man, wlll the gentlemen yleld?

Mr. FB,ANI(. I yleld to tJte gentle-
man from California.

Mr. PIIIIJJP BURTON. Mr. Chalr-
man, I would like to a,ssoclaie myself
crith the remarks of the gentleman
lrom Ma,ssachusetts (Mr. fhArg).

I think any observer of the Amerl-
can political acene over the last severa!
decades must realize th&t the Vottng
Rights Act ls perhaps the most lrnpor.
tant single contrlbution this Coneress
has made ln terms of perfectlng our
electoral and democratle processes.

Mr. Chatrman, I strongly support
the leeilslation as reported by the com-
mittee and commend our dear friend
and dean of our delegation, the gentle-
man from California (Mr. Eowenos),
for hls endurlng dnd effectlve and
most lmportant leadershlp ln thls vltal
part of our polltical pr(rcess.

Mr. FRANK. Mr. Chairman, I Just
want to associate myself with the re-
marks that the gentlema"n from Call-
fornia (Mr. Pnrr.r.rp BuRtoN) Just
made sbout the work of the chairman

H 6t70 @NGNESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE

{

I
i
g
1$t

Mobr 2, 1981ol ttc rubcommlttee rnd tbe othcr
membcrs ol t&e erbcommlttce.

\f,Ie bave hcre onc of ttre nost ruc-cerful pleceg of lerCslailon tJut CoD-
3re$ har put forc,srd ln years. Webrve ra exernpl,e of hos g6venurcnt
caa work to neet rn rdnltt d prlob
le'n. \[re EuBt Bot trnper rlttiiitl
rct, weaken lt, or denean lt, beoeure
only tltroruh lt h&ve De resched rdesee o1 Justlce ln our denocrsttc
procegs. EquaUty b our goel, but tt lenot yet realtty. We must aot conluse
tbe goel vlth reality.

Ur. Chdrmln thlt t8 a bIU whtch tr
essqnla! lf ve are ever to rttrln tJre
go-e.l of .fuU eguallty aDd brlng lt to re-rllty.

rq. EDWARDS of &lltomla. l[r.
Ctrlrmao" I yletd I mlnufe to tne gin-tleman trom peansylvaate aMr.Itrn-r.y).

__The fact b I rln r product of +rrc
Vgltnr Rishts Act of pos. f wes cteci
ed ll 1965 to tbe New yor}. gtste As.
lePbly as a representattve from e dilrtrict wltlrtn tJre Sout& Bronx commu-
nity whhh et that ilme lrrd r popula-
tlon of well over 5O percent llr"parric
and yet had but 6ns Erisps.nic in the
New York S0ate Le8risleture. I am ae-
ryhteq to say that after tJrat past weglectd three Elispanias ena two
blacks, all out of tJle South Bronx
cornmuxity which weuld not have
been there h.Bd the Voting Bights Ac[
of 1965-not taken place.
. J-ust let me Bay to my coUeagues ihotal} sbout, the bilinguol pr.ovislrns, es
a Puerto Ricq,n, as a penon of pudrto
rilcan- Lr8rst y, I would hope that
someday we would be rble to-achleve
what tbe Commonwealth of puerto

-- _Mr. BAILff of pennsylsanla. tf,r.
Chatrmen, E.R. gll2 shoula be peG
ylthoqt objecilon, hopefirlty sttLout idlsmnthg cote and hopefully wttJroutg.m€D.hnent.

_ ate Esues here are muet wlder than
the. _proper legal constructtous upon
Ehictr the proposed chnngm are Uaiea
Ttre concerns an<t rlebts of otrr mfnor-
ltles rnd thelr latth and respeet lor
thtg systm a,re really at gt8ke,-8nd outllatlonl dedcaHon to wtut re stanalo rnrderltes thls debetc.It lr Eueh tbo soon, Mr. Ctalrmsn-to forget and stop flghttng io,r rhidre all feel and tnow l,s rHtt.

tr 131t0

_Mr. EDWAR,DS of Crllforda- Mr.ctnfnr,It' I yteld 8 ffirutes to tJla
lcatlemaa lrom New yort (Mr.
Gmcf,a).
^ Xr. GABCIA. Xr. CI&naa, DetoreI str.rt I rmld llle to sat to ttnse tho
g-re he1e, 8nd I gu€rr tlcc tto am tn
t&e rdtertea Udea|ry to t&lB deilte, lf
,rxr wetrB to ncesure t&a ffifu edrzcial makeup of tbe Cmgel8 taOey
5rou rould prota"bly thtrk tlut tt G
Orula5glmingly rntnqlty. I Jgst vaot
!" ,ryt|I. everybody tn the enlfery ttrsa
Is not the case. We rre s.U here, end we
are here because we are ftstrti,rg for a
fundeurente.t right tJrst rtfcets-ercry
oue of our communitice

Blco har been able to achleve h te nof v.oter Drrttctpotbn. Nlnetv-llvi
-frei

genj ot ihcc who rre cUstble to iotelp hrerto Rlco ere rcgbt€red to vote.
Wby? Becrure ylthln tbe fremeworlirnd under the Arrrerlcrn flaC of ttreCommonwealth. those battots- ;;prlnted lD e lans:u88te ttrrt lg uDair-
rtood by Amerlcans. I underllne thegord Anerlca.ns.
The problem that takes place bwhen rnrny ol these people -come

to
t-he U-nlted States. ftreie G a feelng oirrhenlranchlsement because ttrey-do
Dot rtnderttand the bEllot.I would ask my colteagueE here llyou sould be eble to tnt€Dret for me
lhe Mass Transtt ea ana ttre bondtsue tn the State of New yorf tn igif.
[e ery all ltterate; we are ell Members
g! thls body. I g:uarant€e you there are
Members here who would not unaer_
ctsnd rrtlat that tra,nspor0aflon bond
lrsue was about.
- Every year Doore rnd more bond
hsues ar" coming up withtn lndlvidual
Ahte6. My colleegues from Callfornle
Ead proposltion 13, which was ont;i
the Baror prcpGltions tr thl8 countr1,rhlch taok plsce h the gtate of Cali-fornla. Many people dd not unaii-
stand prrDosttion 13. If you taka Ipersoa tho h an Ame'rlcan rtth ltalt-
cd rpeaklng abtltty and you put them
!r tha! vgtlnS machlne wtrere they
Darc an of, 2 or B nlnutes to vote anilsk them to lnterpret what they 8,ri
do(net on these bond lsgues, f am iotrpto t€U you thst half of us ere- nJ[
Sgtng to urderstand it and God forttarhen you talk about a perron tatkind
tbout understsrdlns the pro,ssss, jhei
a,re not Soln3 to underBtand lt.
._8o I say thls to my coUeaiues end
the_ chalman, because tre tras Ueen
erch s grett chsEplon ln thls erea.
_ Tbe Vo,tttrg Rights Act ef feOS. tras
EeD hslled Ir the most effestlve stvll
FSbts legdslett@ crer passed. It h;
{mueht the rlght to Bote to ".nrrsngof Amal,ce's ninoriiles, fron Xew
York to Alaska, trou Flortdr tc nortfr-crn Ca[fornla ft b a symbol of ourcormitment to equrlity h voung fordl- U.S. citizens" regardless of race,
@lo.r, or E@benhip tn a laaguaAe ml.
Tonly sfirup. But the vottrg Rtghts
4j! [E rlso rad cvtdence ol me oioGXstlon'r mc't dirgracenrl pmUiems
Th9 Fct t+t! throushout our hid,ory,raci8l and Ungur$,lc minortUes hav6
qgeu -slrst€rngtica[y'r^rd pureoseiuUi
drsenfranchised. In l9gl, the mosi
overt tinds of discrimlnatton ln vottog
have been subdued, but tr tUCir piacE
have a,ris€,n vi,ola$ons of t&e rigLt tovote ttrat are rnore subile but no lesspernicious.

alr8 conHnued to bc vlc{mlzed bv
Etate and local ofttctrls wUo nstrt tid[ute thelr votee.

\illtlerree trom Texrr clDke cloqgently rbout courltlea yhlch drgwdlgtrlctt wb.lcb purpoefuUy Atute *ri
Mexlcan Amcrlcan vote. fhey aDokerbout eleetlon ofllc-la,b rtro -Oa-

noi
Dernlt Ufhsual poU sorters to qpeEk
Epantsh when ttret yar rUrt itrei
were hlred to do. They rpoke e^bout Jri.rlsdlcttonr rhlch rccetved lett€r! -of
gbJectlon to dlccrlolnstory voilng
laws, guch as r.edlstrlsilng p-tans, inEserrt +lread end condustld cliilonsupFg lUp obrect€d.to ctrsnse, tn ouungbt vtolauon of tbe Lar.
- Thgse vlolaUong conUnue to thts

9.av. In June the Depertnent of iua-
tlce.obJected to e pooitag p,tacc ct arrse
ln.tlre Burleson Countf Eogplt l Dls-trtct tn Eouston. fei.--vfrcri -tne
c9unty

-reduced the number of pooltng
places from li to l, lorctret li;d;;
.amerEans to travel !e rnflgs ln orderto vote. At a the wtren tufsat;ion;ere tnvestlng 8 good deal ol effort tnerbUe forms of dlscrtmtnatton" thev
lrqug not enthely eUenaonn&

-ttr-e
tfl9d end tme blatent methoda of dts
e-nfrenchlslng rnlnsdltsq such G rc-
duetng t'he Tumbcr of pofllnS pt*;,
or movlng then thu ntgtrt tefirre aii
Pestlon and not lnlormlng the EIn;:Ity voters that they were $btng -o""i.
-Many wltnesses spoke eloouenilv

about the need for blllnmel aectlon
assistanee--erd rcught tt drspell th;
tears of bllhgual voflng ttrat-ceem 0operrneate thfs body. mtnesses rB
Tarked that the cost of prcTtdrng Li_tt gutt elecilon asslstanee res ;hi-nfl. Robert Abrams, ettcrrey Seaer&t
9! mY owD State of Nes york, saldthat "beyond the ctBrtup ae*f,, tfre
nrms werE trulv trdgnlllcant" Mi col-
league from Callfornla, Mr. McC:,os_
rrET, admitted that the cost of bilin-gual electlons was so lnsigrifieant ttratIt *9" no longer at the-heart ot-tii .

conttrued opposlfion to them.
.I would ssf, hrm to continue to con-slder thls issue and to look ;i -th;

fact!, not the hosul.ity of-;o-;";;
Anglos to birtngr"l elections. Are ti;
g-pp.on9_nts of blltncual eleeilons aweretlat {5 percent of aU gispantcs-ovei
lhe age of 65 have not naa mJre ttran
! y"e"t of school? Are they

"*a* th;;
Mexican Amerleans tn Teias weri s*:tlematlcalll prohlblted from receiviir?
dec_eqt edueations unill very i.ciritli
and that as a result untold;umilrJi
them do not speak euush, Are-ih;,
aware ttrat puerto Rtcans in Nery yorl
are U.S. citizens 8nd that tnanr-;l
them_ were born and raised

-;;
an

isla3d_ where Spanistr was their firsi
and often only language?

II.R. 3112, the bill we are eonsider.
loe togtv, addresses each of ttre proU-
lems docurnented in g weeks ot'con.gressional hearings condueted earlierthis year by my colleague from Cafifqrnia, Mr. Dox Eowenas. Witn;ss
aft-er wltness came forth and told ilie
Subcommittee on Civil rna Constitu-
t-ional Rtghts that blacks, gi"panlG.
Asian Amerlcans, and Amertcan fnail

..II.R. 3112 extends tJre bilingual elec-tion requlrements until 199-2. fh;;ere .lgfr-poraly provisions, designeaspeclllcauy to enable non-Engtistr
speaking citLens tJre opportuniti tovote lmnediately, not to rrr,ait ;;;;dlstant tlme ln the future when our
educati,onel system may gXve the; the I

,
I

tssi
tby
lrt to

clo
dnw
c tlre
rpoke
t not
lp€rk
theY

ut Ju-rtl ol
,otln8t
i, and
ct'loru
r ort,

r thlr
,l Jtt+
butse
U Dt!.
? ttre
ooltng
edcan
order

tctlom
fort ln
, tlhey
d the
of&
ta l\e-
plrcea
ore en
nhor.
move&
nrently
lectlon
cll tJre
cctn to
tea rre-
rmg bl-
s rnlnl-
gerreral
& !8fd
fi,s, the
tf,y col-
tcCtos-
f btlln-
rnt that
t of hls

to con-
rt tJre

o EAny
Are tbe
la lvSre
flcr over
,re ttrsn
ef,e that
[erre 8yB-
lcetvlng
recentlY,
mbers of
lre theY
ie\g Yorts
marty of
lonan
relr first

rual elec'
2. These
drsigled
r-Brglistt
r,unlty to
'alt some
vtren our
them ttte

Oetobcr E 19EI
tooll wlth xhlch to coumunlcete lully
rnd lreely ln our roclety ln the lrn-
truage of our oountry, htllah lthen
Congre$ brnned llterrcy t€.ts tn 1965,
It did not s€nd out e glsnll sdvoectlng
llllteracy. It almply reoognlzd tlrst Ut
eracy tests bed been used to deprlve
blacks of thelr rl8ht to votc. Elmllarly,
vhen ConSress banned Et8llshonly
elections for certaln a.reas ln l9?5, lt
did not rend out a Eessa,ge that Eng.
llsh was no lonSer our offlclal lan-
gusge. It rcnt out e message thai dealt
with tJte lact that many oI our dtlzens
do not speal Dogligh tnd thst rs clil.
zens they were entitled to asslst8nct tn
cxercislng tbe Eost fundrmeate,l rlght
of our democracy, the oae whlch per-
mits each and every one of us to be
present bere todsy.

8.R,. 3112 also conUnueg section 6
preclearance for ell Jurladlcttons pres-
eatly covercd untll such tlme rs they
lmpr'ove thetr record on mlnortty
votlng rjghts. The blll contalns a new,
flerible hllout whlch wtll permtt Ju-
rlsdlctlons with a geuulne record of
nondiscrlmlnation ln votlng to be re-
lleved of the predearance reguire-
Eent. Each of the proylslons ln the
new bellout was carefully dralted and
consldere& The new ballout protects
mineflfy votlng rights. It also Eeets
the concerns ol those lrom covercd Ju-
risdlctlons who feel thelr dl,strlcts sre
untalrly covered. If they are ttr fact
rrnfaJrly covered, tlre beilout ln tbe biU
wlll permtt them to be tee of pre-
clearance.

It sadderu me that we expect opposl-
tlou to E.R. 3112, and tbat tJrere has
always beenopposltlon of one sort or
another to the Vot[rg RlCbts AcL As
men and wouten who make tbe laws
lor the entlre country, we should em-
brace the opportrrnlty to expand the
frauchise to all citizens, not flnd'new
ways to ltmlt it.

A.s we co lnto thls debate on the
Votirur Rights Act, I urge my col-
leagues to remember thelr responslbll-
ity to uphold'the Constitutlon and the
sacred right to vote for all cltlzens and
to support H.R. 3112 with no amend-
menta.

Mr. EDWARDS ol Callforala. Mr.
Chairoa^n, I yleld 2 nlnutes to the
gentleman from EewalI (Mr. Ar rA).

(Mr. AI(AKA mked rnd was glven
permissi6i-t6-revtrc end ertend hls re.
marks.)

Mr. AKAI(A. Mr. Chata.an, I rise ln
strouer EupFort of lI.R. 3112, the
Votins Rights Act extension.

The Voting Rights Act was orlglnal-
ly siemed lrto law ltr 1965 ln response
to the feellng of CoDgress that thls
eountry requircd e sound plece of lee-
islatiou which would eliminate yoter
discrlmlnation. ltrhen Congress prssed
this btU, ma.ny of our citizeru praised
it as one of the most dgalficant piec.es
of civil rights legislation ln the history
of our country. Now, the act la agaln
bef ore Cortress lor resuthorlzation-

Altlc6-ugh we in this country have
hade great strides ltr riddinC our land
of thb form of discrlmlnatlorL lt 18

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
cl,ea,r thet thll rtetutc lras not outllved
Itr uaetulnesr Tbcre !r gUU raclel rnd
lenrnrege dscrlnlnrtlon h tIIg couo-
try. There E rtllr dbsrtlslactlon rnd
uDrest. Alrtl" rocordlrU to r rtudy
mdc by tJre U.8. Comsrlrrlon on Clvll
RlShts, we ctlll need tbe Voflng RlSbts
Act. Althowh ttrts teglrlatton bes beea
eftectlve, Its acco;nlkhments are
frsglle. We must oonUnue to proteet
t&e rtghE of our nlnortues.

ID 1085. mlaorltler dmply dfld mt
ent€r our pouthl tyd€m. In 1985, our
nlnorttiec s's1a ylrlnrlly direnfran-
chlsed from free prthtpoUon tn our
poUtlcal lystem- AlthoqD t&G CoE-
mlsslon on Ctv0 RlSbts lound tllrrt
substantlal progrgr brd becn na& er
a result ef .thh rct, tha @omlrdoo
also louDd thet perdst€at rad rer.lous
oU*aclgS- tg coEplct rructpotl@ b
oul poUticat prooeEes stIU rGrislD"Ilre fact b that nlmrtder onibcto coDstltute s rnrn D€rccrotr8? ot
-clqctgd offictrk. Despttc tncreuca p
liticsl partlclpatlon by ulnorltta-tnhrrry 8neas of the countrr. thc flrt tt
thst Elnorttler conUnue to lace B vr,r+
cty of problems thst thts ect wrr dF
dsned to overcome.

T'he Cgrnrnlrrlon'E rcpqrt hne dOgrr
mented whlte redstance and hosttuty
by aome Eltate and locel olflcialr" offl-
c.lals rho rre host[e to hcreased ml-
norlty partlclpstlon h almct cvery
s@ect ol tJre vottag prooess. Tbe t8ct
b that tJrere e,re sUll Eome rrees wberc
loca.l ,urigdlctlone do not beUeve ln
equelity before the law. There rre st[l
some arc8a o, thlr countrT where local
Jurisdictlons vlolatc elther t&e letter
or tlre spirlt of th€ lew--or both.

In many waJrs, we tn thts country rre
lue,ky: Poll tsu-ea rDd Uteracy t€sts sre
no louger a tequlrernent of prtlclpa-
tlon ln tJre votlng proqes& But the
facta are very clea,r lf we do not
e:tend thfg EE ve wlll glve reluctant
localtties svenueg of opportunlty to
r.lse very ophistlca,ted ways of disen-
franchistng ttrs tninsrlfy votcr. If we
do uot extend this a.ct, e munlcipality
oould certainly redlstrlct or annex &
surounding suburbart erea to dilute
mlnsrity voti.g power. Or, a munlci-
pality could very easily ctrange public
offices from elected to appointed
se8ts. IDdeed t&e opportunlties for
vbl8tins both the aplrit 8nd letter of
the law are vlrtuelly llmitless"

We need to exterrd t&e Votlng
Rights Act, for tbe sake of vhat has
heppened to the mtnorlties ln this
courtry tn the past, and to protect
them from vbat mry tlappen tn the
future.

It is not enowh to Bay that we heve
made great stridee ln tJre aree of Ei-
nority discrlnination and simply leave
It at tfiat. We are not a staenant
nation. Our demo8raphy lB consta^ntly
changlng. In fact, the demoeraphy of
thls Nation bas changed morc strce
1965 thao lt has tn 60 years. For tJre
last two decades" we have opened our
arru to the world's homeless. \f,re have
gilven ahelt€r to EeD and womeu Ilee-
lag economlc oppression and political

H G8?I
persecutlon. Mone olten thrn uot
these lnmlgteDts rnd nefugees run thartat ol bctng poUUcally dbenlnn.
chl6eil. The rlghtr of rll cltlzeu, ne
Serdless of wherc they llve or thelr
netlou of orlgln, nurt be protccted, fortlat b preelsely rhat r democracy brll rDout.
- The Votlng Rlshts Aet of tO06 hu
been halled as the most lmporteni
c{vll rlghta btll enarted by Conres_
Wlthout doubt, lt has been thc -Dct
effectlve tool for proteethrg the r|3t t
to vote ln thlr eountry. enA, rs nefr.re owe lt to ounelves to lrrnt thd
tool enother I yean of llle.

Beeeure thls lct Droddes
"vtdcrr o,

tJrb Netton'c coEEltmcot to rtlurc
th!'t DoDc of lta cltlzean llc dryrffi
gf llle bcdc rlsht 3rrenntacd 6y lbet{th rnd ltth rnendnmtr t urfe llf
otrertuer to npport tlrt! UIL

llr. EDWARD8 ot Crut6dr- Ir.Ctrtrnrn, I t1€ld 2 Elnutrr to tb.gtntlpam trm Ohro (Ir.Erorrrr
l.r. DEIOr. ft'. Ctrrtanra. Uttr lla

3mllernrn lrlcld?Ur.-STOf& t tt Lt to tD. fatbnro lroo CrrrroEDtl flr. Dcgf0rI. DEIOI ..Ld rd tu tlro
Dcrnt dm to twL ead dat ll r>
EarL&)
- x.r.-DEIOll. far. Cbrlr-f rrrdy
!t'1 therc boco r -rr? o ftI. -
lust, ro Donl r. th. llaL fa-raelrequll rlghb lnd oDEbDfb lc rll
our Nrtlonl cltltc. Itc rtnfdr to
etrd sssreSilIor re& rna fil.liry h
our EocietJ, b ou ttrat Uttal rD oOropeople out of Uoafo rd Hprd
cleanse the roul ol f troublGd db.

Tod8,y, tJrc convcotlol rlrh dr
misses thet strugde u f bBb etcraf
von; e bygone err b tbc Nrtlo.e rrqhives. lfrue. ther.c hNG bcaa ElEs,Black men end pooco toOry caloy
lgss hope r.ud less oDDortuilty to rG.D
tJre blessings of llberty tor olrc'r :it
aod one's poeterity.

Todey, on thc floor of rhrr Eotla
we are conlrontcd wltJr I nofnrbr
t&at discriminatlon. rDd brc r}rc
struSrsne to eradicatc lt" i8 Doo r, rhhg
o{ the past. I cannot oterremghube
both the aymbollc slrd tb€ Dracticd
lmportance of tJre Votlng Rl8hts Act
snd thtc leg:isletion to exteod ltt t r!!
{or an edditional 10 years. Thls blU b
e,rucial to not only ttre one,terrtJr of
our Nation whlch ir bla-c{r, but also to
the nlre-tenth shich is not, tor lt
speaks dkectly to our Nation's reputa-
tion as a Ju.st and eompassionst€ soci-
ety.

Presideut Lyndon B. Johnson once
said that-

The rlght to vot€ ls the baslc rtght slth-
out whlch rll otJrers are meanlneiless. lt
8ilves people-people

'r fuidif lduds-{ontrol
over tbeir destinlea

Mr. Chalrman, there ane meny
power centen ln thls country; lrom
the iry-covelsst lpnlls of our Netlon's
tralverslties to the eleborate boerd
rooIrrs of our lrrgest corporetlons For
the most part, these ccnter! lne
beyond the reach of moet of ttre

H 6872 COIVGRESSIONAT nGCORD _ HOUSE &tobr ,, gS;people ol thla Net-lon..But therc ere_ talled, objecttve crlts*t#r,"Hff rirru;ili;rp,r*d-:ri{v-i",'r#;tfi *ffi ffi &-B+fi$"#g},-##
gre8E, the leclslrritr*#:',$i#ffi *rffiffitoqm helln OVer I

li*'"tl?,fJ,ii'"
chnmberu of lnfluence.'tn oiir aei&I burdens on localtuesracy, assrteved lndtvrduars nCa noi

-q*_llrl!. -iil.

ff ip%:'i,Pf,"rm;,y:lt*'Jl{xro$ffi:'##,i'""Hthelr dlscontent.
witr, tiitoi'r,oe Rls.hts Act, black S:r;"ff"tfrlffilrJ

ffi"u,
o#*3,

f#gr"t"F. b"s"i--il, affi ovefturned rn couri. i

[iii&ft_ffiJ"3j#]ffi,# ffi
a.ce has- ;";;; :

#fffi ffi,'ffi:rffi $l"-ffies, .n,han

il:fiifHLf,Tf ?*HB"H*#:".eH5'h-ffi ;ffi .ffiff iffi *3'f "Ji""HlH"*T#iro'i'Iiffi l
z.z:{oii'.ldi.Iit tn" o,i-;;";i-b,""t ffiAftlflftffi"H",i,?"#* il*]:Sg$.H'lfiffi*ffiielected offtelals _ -n-aUonwtAJ

-ffii
deserves blparfl.san surJ'mped tonlarrv-o,ooor'[iio i"T ".r*, ottui-f"rifrlt?i*1fr1,""rg$ tr[,X.1?:"Tr**-Litr#rr"r]trc€nt lrom the states cove"ea- uf,ali *ly:* ,glg*_compromtse les6letb; chareerer and our aplrlt as a narlorlthe act.

d,Tix*tur*Trr"T :* .#wr l.:T:"jli'"ffrtr*iHffi !g n#ffi5k55*ffi$Jgffi'ffiJsT$,iH:lflbt*iil;h: ffi;lJ" #,:Ff"{,T:ffi# ffi, r, shou,d not eirectrvery aenvDesplt€ or pertraps-6eci-rG*of this lpogs4-tocortihJisai"6ifrtt"itff them access_to the bauot-box tn theItcord' there are rto"e *to-*rr"u'6 it a..'G-triI'rilii#'or congress [r proc(
qj*.1tr-1T,#'n- d;-'iit,-oi-"#

!"r.tr,'E ir,";.-d;it;,,,ia;;;?,i,': p "9,i1rL!Jtii[#$nB?H"*:r*ff ;6fi;;?hoassertthatthe:irj:^{i!ri*:"3fl 'ffi$.tilf;*gis;,lr',l,rr"*,rb'[;f,,"""hTfntlme for the ect ht

St.li.uffi ffifffiHfl{if ;,m:"x6r.;,."'ft;#;" iiilerst f#;Ski.,:n"i
ft.i;i'Hi*!ffi*1itfrfii,.,+'*1f *ffii.?"fr"ffii'sil:"r'#;B*;*

r"i;r*.Hfi*.'H'il,"d,HslT
cent, have come Bfu

ffiHffi,'mffifi#Hflfffiffimen knows no bour
to a"Gli,i-d!-"#;i:&ryilill:ffi H,"

"o*rtee uru rs i,e, cra*ed ro equar

l$hTf!":?'"'i": t^;1";.f*l.mT $rrro,"-;A;t;i","*;ry;# o.""0,,*"*S,# *it*}xTJ;ffiX:
ffir;slr"'*"'"",k"J:fi """*'jiffi iff#;;tr:,:ft rffi"";,::rffi:gry*l;ffi

;;r'?#;.'ffi;"ffir#
there_w_as a maJor ur.t-

"i"o-a"[J?iT ;i:;htrd"x:f*,m ry*e"$4qf'*1';$fit$iff S,ffii1:#,IT" Jrnlgnt or the erect oi diirirriri"irii,i ;fi
1';otr4s ;;il;. i,iiiili".vu.' ana rwt i i;iift.^!t, &t:tir:f.l,:: m*"T$:

"".H*v++"'"
x;;d was srrvenhundred mrlss ctswn-!,""g"d:r"d; illg ry

..p$r.io,, jurisa-ictions which -""o.itoi
i;E-rr"?ii-aHLla nr",o:this charnber' we eaw reaistriciG i"'qa t'9 ih"ir *;ffia. *rv". -id".

rrt. iwanqgv. Mr. ch&trman, r rise
plans which splft a mJrl^or urac[-;;p-.: bi.irrn*,. ttrere G-iom?t ir,e"rir6- t" ,1i".J *v ltlonc.est support for rr.R.ii3l3r1rtrlffifftt*:Xi"UXrg,:*-

u"#oo" *rtur,, tr,"^i iiili--r"9;;-*i. iilr,'-ih.". exrer.Eion oi-itre vorturetnition remii*-f i..,ouru, s,ithln our
"oH;.*o

thev merit pissaee uv ttrG niilit"'
9-ocie-t-!t

-o"-;:fi;u"
iJ. ltv aouut

-ttrii -i,1-tt p nqrnt, r wourd f,|] ,; "".fr l$"*5!,fi,"tg*,,rrlTl ffililtjH
tr"H#Ht[*i"#{iti',iril'firy,T-,Hjl,'$*+.T$f":"gg.-,Hfiftffig$;};:fi$
the eountry, or thBt lt
ps_q* ;r,".:;;;'#,'#iiff:i,ffi,Iitf A;["^1$. j,i;r!1.#_ffij#,##; 3]#l
if?i:,:ffi:li:'i1,1!,'r.ae"

o"r ivstiii lf,Ei_g1 t1-" ffiJi;;il; as the pre. rhe p
leee.,e .is -',o;u."',.;.j.lq{t_,:' lff mffi."in"*:tt*k3&?'?f;-r" "j #,iiir,1Titt"?f"l,T,T,i*trffiffi
ff"Tti"'J;":"9,"rufi,:tft#: r*ufft _:{!"#.[i"tl,r,"*,"Iif] f;H_si-'x:,,5f#-,i$iBH'**:TlItv' rnste'd' rt provide"

"p""ir:if t' ffi* n'ri-iiit'"ilJi"dilp*i" r5ii,. ffiH;"*,r"lh:tnitri;r*::l,mH

Octofur 9, 1981

approach to enlorclng votln8i rl8hts
left overwhelmlng numbers of mlnor.
Itles dtsenfranchlsed. In 1964, for ex-
emple, less than 7 percent of the
votlng age black populatlon ln Mlssls-
slppl was reslstered to vote. Today
th8t tlgure gtands at more than 60
percent. tr'acts Buch a.s these from
throuShout the Deep South dramatl-
cally convey the type of civll rights
proSress dlrectly attrlbutable to the
Voting Rishts Aet.

Despite substantial advancement of
votlng rlghts, the battle ls not yet
won. Durlng hearlngs on the act, ex-
tenslve evidence was presented show-
lng the perpetuatlon of efforts to ex-
clude minorities from the electoral
process at all stages. Sadly, such lnjus-
tices are contlnuing 17 years after the
origlnal passage of the Vottng Rights
Act.

Clearly, extenslon of the act ts stfll
a,n essential element ln the civll rtghts
struggle. Any retreat i:r lts provisions
would jeopardize the grlqs of the last
two decades a^nd threaten conttnuation
of the status quo irhere discrimination
still exists.

There are those who stlll argue that
some of the act's provisions are too
cumbersome, that the passtng of ttme
has rendered them obsolete. Tbe
changlng complexlon of our soclety re-
futes this argument, however. F'or ex-
ample, the section of the act calling
for bilingual elections, .where a sub-
stantial forelgn language mlnortty
exlsts, helps lnsure votlng rights for a
Srowing segment of the population.

We have heard talk as well about re-
movlng the precleara.nce provislon of
the act, or making the batlout sectlon
far too lenlent. But these aspects of
the act glve lt real clout, and must not
be severely weakened by those who
seek to "fine tune" the act.

We must not underestlmate the lm-
portance of the Voting Rtghts Act ex-
tension. As Ftanktin Delano Floosevelt
once stated so eloquently, "The only
sure bulwark of eontin'ing liberty is a
government strong enough to protect
the interests of the people." In e de-
mocracy, the ability to vote ls perhaps
the most basie and vltal rlght a cttizen
can possess.

If we retreat ln any way from our
commitment to protectLrg the rietht oJ
suffrage, we shall surely threaten the
foundations of our soclety. There i,s no
er€ater danger to our domestic tran-
qulllty than the possibility of allenat-
lng scores of citizeru from the elector-
al process.

We have made Sreat strides ln ex-
panding the freedoms of American
citizens tn the last two decades. There
ls no reason to believe thst we cannot
enJoy far greater adva,ncement on thls
front ln the years aheed. The exten-
sion of the Vottng Rights Act is a.n ln-
dlspendable element [r keeptrg that
hope allve. Iarae all of my colleagues
to support the extension of this land-
mark civll rlshts bl[, whlch serves as
both 8 symbol of freedom and a practi-

CONGRESSIONAT RECORD - HOUSE
cal way ol lnsurlng the votlng rlghts
tor all Amerlcans.

Mr. STOI(ES. Mr. Chetrman, I rlse
ln aupport of thls leelslatlon and I con-
Sratulate the Members ol the House
on both sldes of the alsle who formed
thls slenflcsnt Bnd lmportant plece of
leglslatlon, Mr. Chalrman, Amerlca ls
the bulwark of freedom ln the world.
Our form of Democratlc government ls
an example to other natlons all over
the world. The rlght of every Amerl-
can to participate fully ln our Govern.
ment ls guaranteed by our constitu-
tlon. The Votlng Rights Act only came
lnto belng tn order to lnsure those
rlghts of cltlzenshlp which are guaran-
teed under our form of constttutlonal
government. I carrnot concelve of any
more precious rtght than the rlght to
vote. It ls lmportant that those of us
who sene tn tlils body as a result of
the right of Amerlcan cltlzeru to go to
the polls and vote for thelr elected
representatives do everything within
ou! power to preserve and protect the
rtght to vote. And anywhere ln Amer-
lca where we find any furfrtngement
upon or abrldgement of that rlght we
have the responslbllity to remove that
lnpediment. This act lnsures every
Amerlca.n an opportunity to express
his cltizenshtp ln a partictpatory de-
mocra,cy. It removes every last vestige
of discrimlnatlon ln the right of black
Americans and other mfurorlties to
vote. I urge the Members of thls
Eouse to rise up to the heisht thls
I{ouse ls capable of and pass this legis-
latlon urithout crippling amendrnents.

Mr. EfDE. Mr. Chairma^n, I yield ?
minutes to the gentlemau from Virgtn.
la (Mr. Burrm.).

(Mr. BUTLER asked and was given
permisslon to revise and extend his re-
marks.)

Mr. BUfl,ER. Mr. Chat:nan, I also
want to Jofun mf coleaEues ln recognl-
tion of the leadershtp of the gentle-
man from Illinois on this legislatton. I
appreeiate his contrlbution, he has
brought us a long way ln the delibera-
tion.

I also want to Join wlth those who
have pralsed the benefits of the
Votlng Righk Act of 1965 a,nd its ex-
tenslon. f have done so many tlmes ln
the past myself.

Two references were made to me and
my State, todicating the necessity for
response, Ttre gentleman from Michi.
gan guestioned my commltment to the
voting rtghts for minorities. I will not
trespass on the time of the Ifouse to
extoll my owrr vtrtues, but I nssure the
membership I am qutte cornfortable
wlth my commitment.

I have 20 years in public ltfe, 10
years in the General Assembly of Vlr-
ednta. I am proud of my past ln im-
prol'ing the electlon laws of my State
slnce 1965. In o moment I Erill address
the question of Virglnia's record.

The gentleman also should be aware
that what we Bre about today is adopt-
lng e bailout for good behavior under
the Voting Rights Act. Bear lrx mind
the ba0out prlnclple ls one to which I

H 68?3
trled to persuade thla House to egree
to 7 years ago. My epproach-the bal.
lout approach was rejected then. So
today, we have come to the approach f
suggested ? years ago. Rather tha,n to
be crltlclzed, I would expect the gen-
tleman from Michlgan would eppe-
clate me for the prophei that I am.

I do appreclate this great change ln
direction thi6 blll represents.

The references to my Stste and tothe questions sbout redistrtctfurg
which were obJected to by the Depart.
ment, of Justice and mentioned by the
gentlemBn from Pennsylvanle, Mr.
Gney, lllustrate very clearly the prob-
lem which the new Ieglslatlon pre-
sents. The redlstrlcting of our State

. senate was obJected to for one Jurl,sdtc-
tional ltre which had been previously
eccepted by the Department of Jusilceln an earlier redistricting. Llkewl,se,
one legJslative area tr the house of
delegates was objected to by the De-partment of Justice. Neither was ob-
Jected to as Bn affirmative feellng of
dlscrimination, but because the State,
ln the Judement of the Department of
Justice, still dld not meet the burden
of proof under the act.

Rather than ar8ue that lssue, rather
than go to eourt, the State of Vireinlaquickly acceded to suggested changesand quickly reeDacted Jeglslailon
which has now been accepted by the
Department of Justice.

But what has happeneaZ as e rejUt
of those two objections if we pa-qq the
bill before us the State of Vlrginia wiII
not be able to bail out of the preclear-
ance requirement of the Voti:rg Rlghts
Act for l0 years. As a result of thqse
two obJections which were qulckly cor-
rected, tlrose two redi,stricting lfutes,
the State of Virginia wlll not be able
to bail out for L0 years

That lllustrates what is wrong with
this leejslation, when one loof,s at the
r€cord of my State. The genileman
from California was klnd enough to
present me with some figures earlier
today. They show that we have 136 po-
lltical units tur the State of Vireinta-

Mr. Eowanos' figures show tJrat
there have been no final Judgments of r
discrimination in the time of thfs lesls- I
lation. There were only four objec. I
tions by the Department of Justlc€ I
llsted on thi,s report. There have been I ;

13 sueh objections slnce 1965 for the i

whole State of Virglnta. So far as I i

know, there ls no communtty ln the I

State of Virglnia whlch has not com-plied f,rith the submlssions required
under this act for well over l0 years.
Yet, lf this legtslation passes, the
State of Vlrginia with a record of such
compliance will not be eble to get.out
from under the precleara.nce provi-
sions of the ect for over l0 years. That
is wrong. I submit thet ts wrong.

There are really two legislafive prob-
lems before us. They sre prettf well
set forth ln the report of the courmtt-
tee on pace 28, lf my collea8ues wish
to read lt:

1fJ: n,,Ehi,. u^1,-- --r, -@- rcRElsIoNAL RE.'RD-HEJ'E &tobr s, rgst

"ffi ffi Ts",tH"Hm'Hffi*qffi.:sffi
#ffi ffi1*i641fl,i,ffiH[ffi;ln the @vcrrd ,urtdlcttr

Elmtnrtory vounr chrmffi r votrrr cu."s. rtr-idiluriil fl:ffffi,""-ffi '"r'[I#,fl# ::fl g$ *tI?:I,f ;-q iiil ffi ;hff#
'.E'!Eron

on''u o' *
ffiS#l l+l#$.uiti'Sffi"ft{H-ffi sT#,*"Tf 'ffi iffiH""T, $, nHS j*****"*f;H*','*?i,,mlm$gryglffiltgi.ffiqrrrcntl, b cftet rtt o

thc rct'! pretarnnor prc

*Hffiu.*", rer
-
rbn

-b,h",-o,?E.fr,s#
I ffi,]iHilffi:i',ffi ffi***;***WffieaAreaOng todsy. Whr

i.r d^ rlfh ilraoa Jt-^-w sv !'u,"* *ffiffi
I ffi;ffi$,fi:{f#S# hf*i;f#ffi.fl"*"-

*tlona rhlch sere ln el
ead rhlch prcelerreJrc
Untrl yO1 ghrngc f[fm
ffiftffim"g*? m .ra ar.--- .-: i:.11 - ry*'$Ji:,&"-W$,f#5H:r'"fr;Er";rff :.ii,xf,,f*t."&ffiLltrf BJ#ffi

f ffi#lttsffi"rffiT?rt$t&8t b what you are ttod, rlth rh" bxr.,,,fg1 p_d?-}= gurrenei-te "i iie*v,jtod' rnh .he ba'out'- *; L-.rvd; ifr"tffifi#,fli *r,;;ffi=l
*pf,l*ffiT"ffiqrm

to llnd reasona,bte t* ss"'L"Pf#*;f,t.jH
ffiiffiifrffi,*.lffi s ;* *ffiH+Htfrd Ug::f ,ls trIffi*{ H"'*."ry

ffi*ffiHLr*T:Lstr rE_ElL.,m:T#rHrH 53:ii;1* ;;,,;,; ;; ":;ilne.
F*-g: rp^ryp,:r I yllr .'" Ux"IlilT;f,ffi: ffiid." i5 ffi_"$ **:: "tli*:t "Hl,#H

a# *l"""'** ffi *# | iltr"%L!# f Hg'B r"T1#i

itti'rl

il
I

.(rEeuung aoout lt.""F*S-ffi*a's.rw [T:*m:*rf+***,g:**i#B$ffitl$frH S:i'ffiryifl;o".,o"sen,e. ff"ty* our or the provrsrons oi
lse trrose J:i'rsiucuoru to i-rn"r" i&- trHYf+X,ed r'd ;;; :i,i?'or p,rt -setuements sourd betomence.-i guumit tuttu t1eu! !!{-ve ffi$1,u"s.Ydr"*"t m"ryi*:#-X{*$f.*f-i*T

*r"'*:;,ffiT{ffiffi# Hiffi"ff*#vblclr ulll be offemd
have oontult€d vlth ut tt e-peoei6 oi

*T?r".t"ei"la6on
before ,F E^irr,r -^h would iequtre local unik or govera-oursiderhoueorrerrng.a,miudiainte untiJrn--"ir-"Jia;]!i";"r[flHi#I ;""r to pro.ve their compuence rrhtrom rhet thev have raio to -". iil tr-ti"on tnat has done ,o ;,;fi-i. 6-"-ni s:^ Fy E tlre Federar dourt rn theaaeno\nentl under co-n'ioereuon'rre ffi,Lt tt" mnlslve socrsl_ctraneesG gTln* o, columbla, tailiom thereasonable rrd stu encou.ge yoter reve *rtaress.rd io-"il;..ii;ffiril; !TF^ q. G Gd;ffia'?ni'at urgtrparticlDetion, rnd be s 8reat Erceoiiil ffi' *1, two aod e nfrIitr*-ii cost to tbose local governments.rnd lnpmvemenr to voung De,rod: itlogghout the once -Hrffi*

--ii#
i'"ir--i;I6]i-cl',iffirTiJu

"t t".ence throughout ttrc soutii -;a 6il soutrr. breck sorn* ':H:g? mJrrljo-rro*s

#ffiffiffiffi#Hqffi

#mffi$ffi#

19El
IDolt,
rbout
Iptlo
fy for
provl-
rpubll-
tedt.n
cffect.
od the
ie neg
ffect€d
rge Ju-
rended
whlcb

gs as lt
y Jurls-
he prG
t shlle
olous-
the tu-

br[out
{r bor.
ey beve
corqrly
Stal€a'

.lons oI
Justtce
decede

dons ol

ould be
lrwrtrlts
b vould
,rl ,udS'
lrfude

od otber

lslons ol
s to Dno-
s tn lan-
erecy Ju-
slow as.

&nbr 9, 1981
ther rrslstsncc ln Suerrrltaelns Amerlceru
the rlSht to vote. lndee4 rlmort 60 percent
ol blrch! tn Loulsianr rnd Mtaatartppl now
vot€ De3ul8rly, coEpsred slth only l0 per.
cent of blacka ln aome populour northero
rtates. Votlna rlghtr leglslsilon ha! hsd r
posltlve lmpact on Amerlcan llle today.

The House Republlcsn Poltcy Commttt€e
tupports extenslon of the VotlnS Rlghts Act
wlth rea^Bonsble provislons rllowkU ctatcs,
localltleE 8nd other unlts of government to
"barl out" from coveraS:e by Dieclearance
provlslons of the law lrx tnstsnces tn srhlch
full compllance wtth the regulafloDs can be
demonstrated.

As reported by the maJorlty on the Eouse
Judlclary Commtttee, however, legilBlauoD
extending the Votlng Rl8hts Act would
hake such ballouts tmpoestble to ttta,ln rnd
would extend ruch @ver8ge pem&eDuy,
regardless ol progr€s8 made. The Eouc€ Re-
publlca.n Pollcy Comnlttee endomec the Re-
publican Party'r tradltlonat rupport for Dro-
t€ctlon of the votlng rlghts ol aU Amerlcens,
but caUs ait€DtloD to rnd 8tmnsly <usagreea
sith the lDequttsble bellout provl,slons rre.
ported by the Judlclsry Commlttee.

Mr. EDVIARDS of Callfonrla- Mr.
Chalrman, I yield 2 mlnutes to thegentleman from Maryland (Mr.
Mrrcuxxr).

(Mr. MITCEFT'r.of Maryland asked
and was given permisslon to revtse end
extend hls remarks.)

Mr. MITCIIEI,L of Marytand- Mr.
Chalrmao, lt ls enormousfy lnportsnt
thBt thls bIU be prqed. Ttre bUl Ls stg-
nlftcant ln aod of ltseU. But lt essume8
an even 8f€ater dimenslon Of lmpor-
t&nce now because of tbe cltDst€ fn
whlch we flnd ourselves.

I tnlked brteflY witb the gentleman
from Callfornia (Mr. Luncnrnr) before
he left the floor, trytDg to explaln to
him why there Ls the fear tn the blackand mlnorlty community about
emendments. Ttrat fear comc a,bout
because pFogra,Es that werc not de-
slgined for blacks sr mlnsrlliss exclu-
dvely, but were sigrrlflcant to us, ha,ve
lssn sllminnted and eroded. It l,s
withtn that cllmate that we have con-
oern.

We heve goncern, also, because of
the attacks on affinnatlve actlon thot
rre being moullted every day, the
result being that when bfa.ks go lnto

. rsrious agencles of ttre Governnent
. tow-and I have personal knowledge

. 'd thls-some bur.eaucrats st[ t€U
.i-&em, "We are no longer lnt€rested ln
-'i!our problem- It lB s new ball game.,,
-.&at is why we fear emsndmsnta.
r.q''.I think we fear snendments because.il a climate ln which you Bee the re-

of the l(lan, those perverted
I(lansmen, and other hate
In my State of Maryland

, the Stste human reletions com-
reported ln a heartng to me

there have been {00 hate group
lents ln the State of Maryland
ln 1 year.
It ls withtn that cllmate thst thls

CONGRESSIONAL RTCORD - HOUSE
I thtnt what we nust do lr try to

Dercelve the klnd ol chengee that have
taken place Bo dramsilcally tn thlg
Natlon over the last couple of yeer8,
changee ln whlch people rre saylna
the concerns of blacks are no lonSer
the concernr ot the Natlon.

I sould urge that the blll be passed
wlthout erty crlppllng aEendments.

Mr. Chalrman, I rlge ln aupport ol
H.R. 8112, the Votlng RtShts Act ex-
tenslon and I urge all Members to vote
ln. lavor ol lta passage. Ilalled as the
nost successful clv[ rlghts taw everpassed, the luture ot the Voflng
Rtghts Act's contrnued enforcement
resto wlth the actloru of tlrls body over
the next tew days.
_ Whlle the provlstoru of tbe Vottng
Rtghts Act have facllltatcd e desree oi
vlable partlctpatlon ln the poDttcal
pr(rcess by many Anerlcans, we have
!o be very ysallnllg about the necesslty
tor lts contlnuatlon. The percentage otnlnorlty elected officlals remairu dts-
proportionately low throuelhout thls
Nation. Moreover, the old tricks ln-
volved ln redistrlcttrg, reregisterlng,
end annexing to hide purposefut at
tempts to dilute mlnorlty vottng power
bave certalnly not dlsappeered. Yeg,
thls Is I sad commentary for e democ-
racy, and the Votlne Rights Act pro-
vldes the essentlel mechanlsrns to ad-
dress such problems and correct exisL
tng tnequities.

As the Members of thls body know,
the attempts to dllute the role of the
trbderal Governnent h enforcing sig-
nlflcent laws and regrrlatloru are betng
realized as leglslstion end poUcles to
t&is effect are enacted Eucb stt€mpts
lreve prevalled as the Judtclary Com.
mitt€e brs revlewed the Votrng Rlshts
Act extension. hltlat efforts to 8lt€r
end dimlnlsh the Jusflce Department'r
Jurlsdlction ln enforclng the seeilon 6
preclearance provlsions of thls ect re-
sulted ln lntense and thorough deltb-,
eratlons by members of the Subcom-
Eittee on Civil and Consiltutional
R,lghts and the full Judtctery Comhlt-
tee. Addittonally, these bodies, work-
lng along urlttr civil rlghbs eroups and
others, fashloned proposed changes to
tbe key section fV provlslons. Such
"ball-out" elemeats bave beeD [ncorpo-
rsted lD the legl,slailon before you.
lrst, after cereful deltberaUons, the
Ereasure before us extends tJre tan-
guage provislons oI the Voilng RlghtsAct. Specifically, the requtrement
that, Jurisdictions wtth language mt.
Dorlty groups whlch constitut€ at least
6 percent of the vottng-age popula-
tlons provide voitru tnstructtoni 6 tfremlnorlty language, iB extended
through August 5, 1992.I am disturbed by the enflclpated
smendments to weaken the criterla,
under whjch States and Jurisdicttons
may ball out from the Votlng Rtghts
Act provisions and as we coDtlrtue de-
llberatlons, I will speak ln opposlilon
to such efforts. f,{ditlenally, we wlll
be taced wtttr cttfmpts to dllute a,nd/
or striI.e tJre extenslon of ttre ect,8 lan-
Suage requlrcments eod I srlll support

the eflorts to llght rS8lrut thele rLtcmpts.
The blll before u8 18 supDortrd h_

tueh dlverse groups as the Aaoerr"i'i
Federatlon ol Teachers, Unlted d;i:
workers o, Amerlcs. Arrerlcan Bar A;roclatlon, NAACP, rnd the Leasue ir
Women Voters. To date. ttrere ts n6i
9-ne llread of organlzed opposlflon tothe V,otlng Rlghts act eitenston. i
qlr9-nglr support the pessagie of Ir.R,
8lt2 wlthout eeBkenlng emendments
and urge my collesniet to vote ln lts
lavor.

Mr. EDWARDS ol Cellfornla. Mr.
Chalrma.n, I yleld I mlnut€ to the dl8-
tlnsutshed gentlewoman trom llltnol,s(Mrs. Courre).

(Mr8. OOLLINS ot llltnols asked andras glven permlsslon to revtse and
cxtend her reEark8.)

MrB. COIIINS of nlnols. Mr. Ch8tr.
man, I stsnd tn Bupport of E_R- Ellz
end ln opposltlon to any and all reat.
enlng amendments.

Earlier durlng the debste today. the
Sientlemrm from flunols <lf,r. ifyorl
staqed that the ballout provtaton rUi
enable the gouth to reJotn ttre Unfon
- I subrnlt that blacls U emertca heve
Ieen- trflne to rejola ttrts Unton irn&the de8th of Reconstrucilon.
_ _A ltttle -over a deeade tgo, Dr.l[srtln Luther Rrng, Jr. satd:
. Ma{ry of ttre ugly DaSes of Amertcan hlr.tory have been obscur€d ana forfotten. go
elety ls rllays eager to cover nlldeeOs rttU
! g]oak of forAetfulneqs, but no oclety cenfully repress 8n uSly past wheD the re-vaSes
persist lnto the present.,'

Unfortunately, when tt comes to the
rlght of mlnoritler to vot€, thls stste
ment ls no less true. \tre have heard1r9p manV that the 1965 Vottng
Rtghts Act has solved the problem. Ii
has not. We have heard that ballout tslalr. It ls not. ft hay appes.se the
Southenr States, but It wlII weaken
the biII as lt now stands.

The VotlneB Rtghts Act ls a good
ect. But untortunat€ly there are those
who want the bailout provirsion. Ttreballout provislon wlU deflnitely
weaken thls ptece of leelslation

Ahe rlght to vote ls the most funda-
mental comerrtone of democracy.
Consequently, lt ls hperative thet we
extend the Votrng Rlghts Act, wtthout
SIly rtneDdments whlch would negete
every American's rlght to vote end h-
fri:nge upon our civll rlghts as guartn-
teed by the Constitutlon of the United
States.

The CIIAIRMAN. The genUeman
from Illinois (Mr. IIyDE) has consumed
all of his tlme.

The gentleman from Callfornta (Mr.
bwARDs) has 5 minutes remaining.

Mr. EDWAR,DS of Callfornta. Mr.
Chalnrun, I yleld 2}{ mturutes to the
genUemnn from MichlenD (Mr. Chocr-
Rrr),

H 6875

(Mr. CROCKETT asked and was
gilven permisston to reyise and extend
hls remarks.)

Mr. CROCI(ETT. Mr. Chalrman, tn
the summer of 1964, I left my law

spply e,D
oD I rl&
s. regulr--
not onl,
stltutlon-
no unln-
;y voter*

tbv
f
uroe
rt tn
fromlrt
rts.

r tJre
Party.

t,
rpln*
rad
ropcrfY
cctloD&
rr€st str
rrtlm ol

I tssrrmes a greater slgnificance, andr within that ellmate that we fear
kinQq.o0 nmsndmsa[s belng of-

r00.
L I would hope that the blll would
Dassed witbout any crippllnel

II 6E76 CONGRESSIONAL RE@RD - HOUSB &bb g TgSrofflcc tn DeEolt end werrt dorrr to Drtory gtate ectlon. T

tri-+.{ffilffiffi##*s[E:"#ilii##ffi iiT,,ffi r#i:ffirffi #
.E['i ffi ffi#f*S"ffi# srE# *ryotx"r*:ttsi*ffi
tbe strte ot rhlrqdppt-e"i""g'iut -lirit-{fti&"4?Iffir1* .,, .-- :_Ti"nd. trrif-riffit"-dil'o, ur murt be

ffiHqtr_ft,.ffi**il?ffi*'#T*ffiffiffi"rc
those dsy8. beceuse the dataft""fi; pentat nuUU;;ffiitalted rith ne .uout voteidiriii- De rnswered ttuoush
miiil, Htrs:ililT"tr-* mHH?'lll:Ha tew -davs later therril rrd.r"dElffi de'andrB that all ctrzrere louad burled tn r rneffoJ -ErvE

irtl-&aili-&*tft tn
""-.rvu

agnte ff"f,YrffiT,*HigyorFSF perhaps accoun-ted Eon-iirar rng n6iJ ti.ft'il;;.rythlns else lor ncaOenifoirnloi io tf,e inacine;;iffilDdstlry test Congres! ns! tJre Aet.voths Rlcbts Act ot r-e66: -
Cire vottns Rrehtr Acr has hadc *Clf" e"t-r"l-id'.ii-ai*ruutng err-r was bact tn uisstssripr Dot very vor,l,rs cque,ury

" ,rr,rlTrlH_Sfl* iiilit*"".lolg eco. aad ttre ctleasE thst fi;; i, Ea ffidil i'i -"""un o, t&r8 acr .*;##HTI"il:,L"XT,HI -H" ..0"* ot the runrramentar
ro" o"-iiLfiiiglr'"oav ur""r"ffpr ffi ;4u--l-d'*'H# ;;i-iLH'#:Hl frE:S! "Ult ;lf:H"[ffi:more bl*k electe<t puuuc Trir-ciil mente, ir"""";fr;.;t
ft'ffiry;1;'g";ffi,qffilr,S"fi.{rH# g-tffi: :ffiHffiIi:ffiab,sea whlc'h ca,sed- the ,itr,Idffi; tlo"Ep";fiffi".Jr'iL us. ar"t*i& 9!l_"." e+o4t-y crtrzcar ueve recn ars-9f -tlls- _votrng nU,tf ect- d-ffi iort. sr"t" end locae.',auL-rai. ffir,ilL rh;t-prs Effi ;u +.d&;;"q; ffii"flfi:ffil$ TtrJffig$ffiffi"S*;cleer tn ttre extenstve lieeriDss-G6; ;p- tht, ;nf,lg;'8;; requlrement lf sry rttc 'r,auilv-6ffi'rttee "",I-ui-"iil rtg l1.rliir ,tttfprorirures c;n- -r"i1L*ilmT"t'-TE"Hco,Etttee es welr es tn tui-tatorair ilrm to au r"o""i[-r&ubements for ne'tsatr,err,,s' r!"de .a" c.,"6-"ffGib t i* nft!;,-dl$,fHffS.*: ffljf.ryEf";ff#,ffi;6;-fliiffiil,fiHr;#FskHffitffi
qtv' tue-reoerar-6urt-'enlornea iiii ft;oud ;liil#i;r]i#"nc who could u"9o9affir$U;ffi[r.* reattcual6
cdmrnabry cttv councu-&,cuoa iiin ;;
g{ffi.rx'f,H"r#effi"T ffi$q,ffiffi m m*m[1*+rtot*ru'e*":+pm "Hffinry#Jfi$plffinwhen e new redlstrl"tttg-*itu-tiifr 6'foof"pDil*ffi;;iy*ffi:656-;;#; ifrr" or e prior resislsiive error_rnfound ln vtoteuon

"r- tb.--%ti; l-*t -r--"!-dffii*"iiufitt a for pre te8s.RtBhts Ast.
"riHl}."Tf*fi#l-r:5 ^lo-t_lTl "ff^,,^- ,..\ _

*ro *:.'r*itrjdffier i* ffi+"ffii,t "';il*i #ffi:,#ffiry#"p$#the Judrclal reneoes n-iita6-rGi?frii [L. o_; -!":ili*i[it oL iliut tutiat r:ry.t o percdt oi-tt " vorrxsr.ffiffi
ffitxffilffi+ r', *nffi-ffi1ffiffitT [,Sr*s +. **ffi":H#f,
ffffi:to::jE"triT::::Pstrj;ffi *i*Fffi Hyn"*"H:f iti:fr,:'h*?is#(Mr' MArEtrr asked .an{ wqp stven Jtii,qqg .a,;ld;*ii[uauty rs rn- -rr"rifilT.ffi* -t"o"ur-.i

-ffiI
permlsslon to rerlse sno extend hi;-# irfto^n r"-r" ilti'il!'r.eulrrorrza. at tt " seme ,me, ,ulr polrrca,lm8rk6.)*' irersur ur Trrier,ffi $ffi;Ii:ru;:"il;,:: #u"i*H*lf**ffi;in strong support o,

#:lih##ffi.ffig l 1ap;gmffitices deslened to dlsen
Ity voter8. The act tnsr

ffitrtd;.Uff.,Effi r;H ffilffiffiEF [' ;il ;: *tri h[ffi6u"s.El-ti-,-#$.i,ctca6i-ar".ifrr-- ;ffiH3,:"1'l',"HH,XEI #;*f*rHf"Frffifilf;

;]

I
i

i
1
{{

1981

r the
[g3le
eople

rnd
llt be
; the
free'

uto
g the

r. l[,r.
o t.tte
i. E"-

I wea
}xtsnd

rn, tJre
rc over
Votlns
E| clr-

mrntel
soe-

e aue8-
wc bad
ot ,th!s
, rblle
ecn dlg-
er8
,lrb to
e bc€n
Eaforce'
r nSges'
urt tDrt
nd tbst

Eany
rced to

rtll be
r of tlre
rlrh to
l duc to
I spectll'
rplre-bY
eror-tn
13 of tlE
stth lrn-
b condf'
re votlng'
E lDstruc'

ms rould

Mobr 2, 1981 . coNGnEssIoNAL IBCORD - HOUSE
lrrseEt rtr8nltude. llot to Grt nd
t&ce provlelor rqrld Indocd conetl-
tut€ ancb rr rbardonnat" er Els.
pentcr eod Arlanr-psttcularly ln the
Eouthwect rnd CrIIqrnta-.Inos dl
too sell.

The Federel courts heve ruled r+
Deetedly tnet cuscrlmlDltory trtemry
tects ere uncurgtttutlonel, rnd Erg-
llrhonly electlon rrc eqdvelent to
sucb llt€trct t ds. Thls very botly, the
Congrear ot the t nltcd Strtes, dg.
clrrcd tn 19?6 thd thL lono ol ds-
crtmtnrtloa hes becn ?€rv.slye and
natlonrl tn rope.-

Irt Bs not turu but tee-tbct, ol
the Lct rr not turo rrlt frou our
tellow Anertcans who bvc. t&lr
Netlon" who rorl, rnrl dle lor t&lr
land, rnd sho wlrtr to so to tlre po[s
sltlr prlde and dlglty to yote ar cltl-
zens ol the'Iloltcd Etate! ol Amerlca.

lfir& PEI{TIICE. l8r. Chatrma,a, rIU
the gpaUemrn yleld?

lf,r. DYUALLY. I iaa to thc gen-
tleromen trm Nes Jcrcy.

tlra FEII.W.ICN. I em hcertlty ln
hvor of thlr UU, ls thc geotlann
knory] But wben tltctbc cmet when
elther polttlcal p.rty b tlrlr country
stendr up lor thc rttrtr of our lellow
cltEeos lor polldcll nann Hced ol
fo lurtlce rcelm!, rc rre lorL
a M1a. CIIIfITIOI& Xr. Ctrrlrmrn" I
rls€ ln rupport ot E.R. 8112, tJre bl-
partlssn Judlclery Cornrnlttee blU to
extend the Votbg BtB AcL

Ttre Votlng RlghtE Act protects con.
gdtutlonnny guerasteed voflng rlghts
f6; rntnoflf,5r ctttsros ard b tbe moet
suooesstul clvll rlgtlts lc!ilgleUm ever
cntf,td- An overrbctuhg nnJorlty ol
o"cr l0O rltneacs ryectrht betore
tbe Eouse Eubcmntttec m Chill end
Consilfiutlonrl BlSht ll -'rtcd to tlre
dgolfbant bf.t rUcb tDr r.t hes
bad tn lne'readag rhe DrrtdDltlm
r,nd repreents$@ o[ nlnorttlce ln the
pollttcal pnrces& Thes€ 88me rrltnesses
pr€s€nt€d compelllng evldence of coD.
tlnnlni arcrmhstory electbu 1r*' ttces whlch unGrrqu tJre need to. crtend the protcctlnn" gsalanteed by

-- . ttre !ct's gpecld prrovEld?tr.' Olr Fdday, JuIy lf, the Eonre Jud-,. ohry Cbomfttee rctcd 2! to I to
js.,.t!Dort out E.R. tlla the blgrrtlssn

m to extend end eneud thc Yotlns
Act. I e,E h cmpHe nDport

d thls bfll rhlcb crtcods tbe seetlon 6
provtslm d ttre act;

lnendr eectlon t to c.trrtty the hrden
d prmf whleh plahttffr nust earry h

dlscrlnlDatlon ctscs; @otlnues
1992 the 1075 nrovlslonn grbls!

language votlng asslstsnce to
mtnorlty cltEens; ud pro-

e fBlr baflout procedure for cov.
Jurtsdlc,Clons se"klng removal
tlre rectioa 6 mcclea.renoe De.

.8lnce 1965, tJre sectl,oD 5 Dreclear-
rcqulrement has prevent€d over
dlscrhfnabry electlou lew

ot&or dGvlceq tpcludtns rrctetty blr*d sloa. I lry.€ ygur nrDDort ol E n. tlllrodstrlctlry plrnq aoD€ilrttoDs dllut wltbout crlppllag roadnentrf
lns Elrrlty rotsr reDre.cntrttm, rod a rl[r. wtRTE ur. curtrnro. f rb rnELlsrSc cl€stbr. Morov,tr. @portrr. wbolehearted support of E[ -ilri
nltlc lor rrclrl fprryneaderlns rtll whlcl extendr tbc youn il;..-';'lncrclle sltb prCpcctlre rG&trletlllg ol lDOo. Ttrc Vd,lr nUEq]ii--i-l
bl.rd on th€ 1980 GGn ua. _ -f t+tsgr.Ancrlcroa tfrc rlChi t" fiE
vl#i lllfl#. ffif'* g,HE \#$51ffi?"?P .'G"''
9l tutq provlde to br! rny electlon E.R. 8111 a blnrtten nanat, lol.les rhlch has the ettcct of dlrrlnl- lmr roore thsn z Eontbr or coiii.nstlns agshrst nlnortty votera Tbl,s hendv_e barlng Ctt&lS rbuE-E;
vles rar ttre rule ol lrs lollored by procedures ailll nscd to tnblut;
the EtrDrerae @ur.t, uDUl tbc 1rE0 cer dtlutc nlnodty nrtt4Ufon-G-i6-
ol Moblle rertua BoldeD, rbeo r plu- tions, Erfy lO0 rltaccr tclullcd tonllty ol tre Jucttcrs an83estd thrt thc coottnucd necd lor tbc prptccoor
dbect ev5cncc of gedllc lntent to ol tlt9 Vgtlnr RlSbts Act, ;bbh ib3.drcrhlnatc-rrr requtrcd. Itls dand- llcve b the moet dledtve &dt icccq0 pf prooj pfeccr ra ovclrhehlug ol ctyll rLhts legldrtlo Grla aeaca
burden ou the lndlvtdu4 brlnclng anlt lr ruportc<t ,r,m tbc artry im-ln r votcr dacrhhetlo cere ud Efttcq E.n. tllz roulC
metea prctdlon ot 1ot@ -rtthtr vtr Conthre the vttsl rcc6o I pi4lcrr-
tuallv hpasilblc. E+ _tll relr P I pce pr.ovtslon of tihe Et ,trtr;-p;offi.rgtore the ctandad of prul orHnd- I lng cquttaute rno rcruwrble-nIiul
ly epplled h leetlm 2 eac* I tor States aod counttes to -Drtr-;;;

The blllnfual provlElom wete eddeF lrom the precleinncercCulnmcnt"
to the Votlng lltghtl Aet h 1916, after Etrenethea recdloa 3 to rrrle lt
congrees found that membert ol lan- easler to chrrlenge abcrtntratory
guagie Elnorlty grour were olten cx. votlng practtceg ln eourt
cluded lro tbe erectoral plgces+ conttrue the rtgulrencnt of btltn-
lltqgV U.A. sfits€trs shq t{9 lot lluent SuaI electtoa rnd- ;pttn8 Eagt"oce
Ito Ungush have ome to thls ootmtry untU fgS2.
as edultS or bsve beea retsed ln com. I oppose a,mendmeatr to E-8,. tlttmunltles wtere anotber laneusgc pre- thst;buld eftecttvely Cut t;tnoft,"domtnrt€C for exa,m.Dle,_!u9_Sout! Rtehts Act or neutilE tts-t.tfi
west or Puerto Rtco. As_a rcsult, mBnI ffrst, by loosentns t&e d.DderdEpemolrs, espectally lrl"prnls

. a,nd gnaei sirtch ,q1fgd-egons ,ay .tall
Anerlcan ?ndtr-r'rrr caDnot elfectlvely out- hom tui gr,ecle&ance requtepartlclpate h the elestorBt -prooeer. nent would 8€rtflrsty veeten tb|; Iro-These nqovldoqs hrve dglllcantly tectlon ol voflng aftts iruaranteed UV
6Deued tJre polltlcal Drocess to l!n- irre rctu anenoeit to-tle oustrtu:
nr88e Elnorlty dtlzeas across tJre tlon- Desplte tae Uprqilve -Dtog.ess
dnuntry. lrr regstr;tlorL-vLtE raa repreiEta-

Moreover, for e number of Jur.lsdlc: tlon ol mlnorfty cfflzens, testmony re
tlonr-aoteDly tDc eoHrc Etate of oetved durfDS coErnltte besrtDSs
Itexas-the red to prsvtde languige mede lt plalD thrt voting Aecrlodns-
a.dgtance to hunreec Ehorlty wten tlon ls stIU coronon tn mrny areaa oov-
s€lyed ar e trlgger fa cowrage under ered by the art- Tbeee strtes rnd lo-
s€ctl@ 6, thc prwlglm rotcctlng ml- cslliles should be requlred to Deet 8mrlty voten fSrlllt dcrhlnatory reesoDs,ble yet strlngeat tcst before
yotlns prartces. Eectlon 6 eoveragp, tbey ere r.eleased lpm the preclear-
bebUl fpneral h ecope, elro protects roce requlrements-sJxd the -coynmtt-
blEct votens froE nreh fecttcec. t€e blu provldes sucb a tcst.
Strlkfilg provislons wblcb,place Jurls. 6ecoD4 tl'e proposal to ertend rhe
dletlons guch as rlxas rmder rectlon 5 preclearence recur;eneDt to the euilre
would deny both lsrtCutae ntnorlty Oountry would- dllutc enforcenent
an_d blact Yot€rt frotectloa frcm dts- whlle servlng Utge 15€ful purpee Re-
crhhstory votllC facttcea. quldns every gtctc ana polttlcd subdl-

The Eouse subeorvtrlttee has hesrd vlslon lrr tbe country to mect tbe pre-
extenstvc tecti"nony nmorths: tbe cleanrrce requlrementr gould creete
tanguage essHence provlslons and I an tmpastblc workload for tlre Justlce
wholly suppott the Judlelary Cornrnlt' Department and could fut tbe ept
tee'c lnlomed dec{ston to ext€nd these FtDslly, rrhlle the lrngunAe mlnortty
provlslons at thls trne. provtslons of tJoe cunent VottDL

Ilxe Votl-g RlShts Act hrs been an Rlshts Act do not erptre untll 1985,
ellecttve and crltlcel meana of lnsurlns deferlng ectlon on the* Urlngual 1s-
the equal particlpatlon of all U.8. cltl- qulrenents untll then would lsol&te
zens ln tlre electora.l proceF.c. It has a,nd effectlvely nulllly tham BtllnSual
helped lncrease rnlportty reglstratlon electlon materlals and asslstaooe are
end votlng. Yet, whlle there has been an elfectlve EleBDa of lxovldlnS non-
undenlable DroStress under tle Voting &gltsh spelklnS ctttzeDs wlth r voice
RlShts Act, lull poUtlcal equallty for ln the poUtlcsl dps|slonmr,ktng of theit
mlnorltles has not yet been acbleved. communltlcs-such rs thc Elspantc
For tbese tre8Eons, as a Eenber of tJre neleDborhoods ln Denver. tJret I repre-
Concresstonal Blrck Caucus and r rep. senL
resentatlve from e irf,lsdlctton covered lf,r. Chalrorn Amerlcr's hlstoric ex-
by the rectlon 6 preclearence provl- perlneat lrr rrntvcrrsl sutfnge must

E 6r??

l pol
bcen
etrert

te
rt t&
llre
rrsu€d
rla

rrltles

os rbo
E OUr
rtncd
lo[r8
rod
roud es. SqqUoD 5 ls es lmportant

bdsu3e dlscrlmlna,torv practlces
banned by ttre Votlns

redy ol Aet hsve been replaced by

H 6878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD _ HOUSE . &tobr 2, tgLl
i&EfiS:i"#f#'rtl'il$#: trH"T1,ffi.?ig,fftfo"fre9^v peb' l ursg mv coue.sues hen rod.y to
l;-qcd-t;i,G;;H rupport of s.n. oiii niip[-u;;;L;:ilHfrTi*i $""":t"[|itffl"tr*S. *S";grJffi

i-frHrfti#iqi#ffif#,:!*:*f n+f:{i+Xll#*utdlr:?,t*:1*iiiuH.h'"rrur
:':*,6:d'11""'":13;f;ffi f",':l [T"T, 'ilti,H:,i-ffi]"::S".;:ff,[:; *fl: :l;','S;1'ffi'Li,s'not now

ilil#ixi,tr"r""r*ilr*:l*vH*;:##;;;:rl"H:.lhrfj*#r,'?ir#HrTl,T"sx"g,,,ifi i
$:ff*."'"1}il'J,?ri'"n?n?:",li""'"i?i ?i#.lffiifii{1il:i;ffi&{

trl_Hffi[fr".[{_,ffi$}
pqssqd by Cctasress founa ttralii]Lrt"'to friirBut the batue has not been won. 6"fUra"[i.dtrii[;t";"-d;,Durtng 2 months of heartnss, an over: iri-ulroi, r""luaGi-riir'o*'ettempts it lng the leglstauon before us t6day.owhelnlng msJorltv o! ovel 100 wit il;v-r{rda"t"8,-d-riiili"trrrg voung rt[r. EDWARDS ol callfornla. Mr.ne6se8, Bppearlns before the llouse rutd, rasl-nfnute 1;nlng- ;iic; cu"iim.", r move that the Commltteef,XmHlP g1-,9* s9-9Tgt- tl-q"L": -l"i tep!-"-"[^roe chanses do now rrse.

proce$' nrese ssmcs,Ht$: f:','"tfl il:[T t*ilSt'JHlSj"JT,,?,1*t ffi,","*L "ff"ff1"r?,lXuft??lir'H:
ed co.mpetung evtdence or corittnuins ptrte,-r narC wjiness,iffir;iilJ'ffi: sumed-th-e.t.r", lii. ai"riiil, cherr.
ffiffi?e"" ",1ff'lo*o_ritsH: $t" "rmffi*"-**m, ** rn::l*s#iru:,*l,ffl:
slon of the Drotectton guaranrceaTi necit t-ts conce6iffi;irffi';ffi"lr#tii- poruea

-thar
rhat

-id;tt-d:
hgvrngthe ect' al process. ha-d under conslderation ttre blll (8.R.Access to the ballot box ls tbe most 'ihese statistlcs, and our experlence Af fzl to aDend the Voting Rlshts Actbasic rlght [r a democratic soctety. with.the vottrrs-htchdf,ct. E"rio-ii; of 1965 to extend certatn provlslonsThe need for vlgorous enforcemeit rate that tt-ts,--wfth-olit a-,lurit, oni? ro" an-aaotional t0 y".o, -to
ext€ndhas not subslded. Therefore, tue con- the nost iuccLGiur-*it-"t"" i,ve"-en- ;;rtaln L*r"" provlslons for aa addl-gress must extend the life of the acted by congress. rt ls also one of ttre ab;ar ? years, and for other purpose8,vottuns Rlshtr Act to Insure the rrghi most tdportdrt" Th; rtsht to6t€ fi ; ii;;;" to no resolu,on thereon.P--rl^9{:t_*Ittons of racral and lin- agTgc"qfv C rh;-

-dirnerstone
on

:*i1",-Xgltx,,fff,tf3 S, !X ilgr; *t"$; fiii.iHritt!"Hf ;,;:i:fi: ",rXXLTi;" was esreed ro.

*itii.E1"if,*'f,'&"ffi"T$ri,fifr #i,:"xf;;'#, ffi*t:: tH HIH: .,,1*,TYT;:"-:"}",$"HLT:" ffi:

sua,se Dlnertlles.a whlch Bu-bth"" rtgt ur iest. rne vltrrr-d

m;of"lg*lf'-i:"*5,':rn: *H5-j:j,ff:;1F-:,^n^;rtd++ cENERALT.EAvE

are reducrn" "*Trji*fr:i:^4 ffi:.'t'#H'#ffiH*fi"{ FooD *lF,.r,r.r*E A*meet the needs of the l
our societv. end enllinr

3?.?flr$.3iilfF*,i[,';l; rff':3 #ffi"Jl"fm gf",lk'F gll; Mr. "#:T :;;:., r ask

;ffi",';',"f""'J$,:?trJ-Elhtr,'#i ffii,:iiTl'S,.*s"ffyiJit 'slii Hffi;::,?trill,:1i*ft"*;ilffi
wlthou-t-weakenlns amendments. tlnued,.as tone as raciar-pi"lirai""u iiiif t"r_*" ana extinaliru-rri6riilt" and roThe votlng Rishts Act embodies our dtscrinilnatlon rim-ain a i;i;il 6,ill F"l"gg extranl-ous m;tdi"fi; rhe billn4tlqnal commltment to sovernmenl society.a "*,! ,*t aeuatea, rr.n. arrz.--- -"
x*':x#*:I''Jrtr:tlf,[ir*H

$^5ry-'rffil#',i.ff"tiLl rf;
n';-f#***B-;fl1;Jirer;i *tment l,s as lmportant tr

1965 when tfie act was onsularv _^-.
adopted. na"ea,

"t ; ;fi" ;;H?'" 3:?f*". .!as. -the suppor
are reduclnc o;.;r_i;;J;; :: palor gIv.U rtShts organjzadon end i
our sociery, *o "*Tr,Xfll"lli"Hj iffir""hff?:r.lilS,"l*S.r",lT

aL,\,r, ,. " ABirr:ur,rrrRE
Aqr

and the near-poor to I
tne hteieiiJioio-"itj"-"frH;&;: m"1r'#;y*llsh-speakine sroups and Mr. DE..A GARza Mr. speaker, r
v"""ffi :"H'ffi :trx"{flqi:Hiffi*r#*:r--+:d-H.*i*nrsm,'***grmii"*imt
people to be beard t
toral process.asrresu*"'"""st*"i'F#q#'jl-tH,rxHifHiffi1ffii;gpfrrg$pi*pi;:g$;iifr,gp;
mlllisls of black and I
cltlzens throughout t
r"r*F t"'i*:d' i,'l&"{#H"}"#, *rurfr;l+-&.ti#l,m$e iffiffi#rffr#,'ffi*s.?In the lg80 prcsiden
example, the rete of I

mr*,*:"x'*qryggg#,gid;;$q_:!""ft,!pg,"lggffE{l#fr
[""i*:,"tri*i:".{trcent, ln contrast to tl

black regilstered voters rn Ene eovered

i,:.lmri;iril'";"i;sffHi;:'L1trffidffi d#i:hikiT#*l-*:i*:ffi;:*1".*the registratlon amol
rexas -tras-rncre*.a-t$^*tfi.Hfr*

ffiTr*'i.ffi,1;:}l"t};*,"*"T#i: *.:1t",ffi",*"a"mg" TiTf;:the lan8uage assistr
werea.ddedrotheact,TiBrulto*to* f*l-1""0 tttC p"otu"ii; una;ii-h; whole Ho.rse on the state of the

s.mt?*mltlni:lt***W$li}rA61 *g*H."S:{iHs""".",::H;rti:H:'r;:i'**i
tton, - tt io"it -

"jiiin'iiiirv*i'"S'i,ii,
their right to vote ln elections. Trre cterk read the tr,e of the bill

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Congressional Record H6841-H6878

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