Motion to Dismiss or Affirm

    :

,l

i WASHTNGfON - Congress ls cur-
rently- consldcrlng the cirf.oi ouL,,
ilon- or whethcr to e.\tend the Vdting
Rlghts Act ol 1965, That act must S
.u*rgs$. And ir should bc extended in
its tricd-and-true lorm _ neitfrer con-
tracted nor cxpandc{ to meet ursuE
stantiatqd oontentifils. That simole
and.stralghttonrard position _ to ix- :

tend the act as ls - is presldent Rea_

Unfortunately. there have been dis.turbhg efforts to derait the dispas- .

:ionalg coruideration ol tfrts lsiui Uy
lTflljne Ayone who does not support
a btU recently passe{ by the Hois:e ol
Representatiyes as opposcd to thc
yoring Righrs act itsitt.,nru U*ii
bill,.however,-is not the Voting nighG
+.:1 

b,rt somerhing very ditfer6nt. "The

ouerences must be carefully consid. .

ered on thelr mcrits. . .

. The mct drastic amendmentio the
gdstlng and effective Voting RighG
fct.proqmed by the Horse Eru iirn .

Sqtlonr 2, a permanent provision requirlng no change. As 
-the 

l9g0 Su-
preme,Court declslon in Mobile v. .

Bolder explalned, a ylolatlon of Sec-

llon ? qnst be premised on proof of .,

dlscrlmlnatory intent. The H6use bill '

wonld sverturn the subtle rule of law
and provide that a vlolatlon may be .

establlshed by prool ol mcre.,restilts',
lr "eltecls" - the test now fo'und only
in the- special pra+learance prol,i-
sions ol Scrction 5.

When it enacted the elfects test lor
Sc.ctlon 5ln 1965, C.ongess applied it
)n a temporary basis, only to alection
.atr crunges, and only to s€lected

By William French Smith
,urisdictions with a clear history ol .-.o"iSlftutto,
voting-a-buses. The House pmposit to *ruro'Gter the
311:,!$.ITqon 2, however, w6utA es- Utacts can onfy
taDlish.this test on a permanent basis, . blacts and whiie
:p!y jt to all exlsiing elecilon syi senieU Ey wtrit
terns. srd practices as well as pic Van Alstiore otpmed 

_ghan-gq, _and enend it natlon- *tej,-.,rte amwlde. It wotrld do so wiUirut any evi. , ably operate. . .j den-T of ahrses to Jrstify such i dra. iirr,iiiru.o, i

.faTJ change. Even the House report ; nau6r and to'itself recognized rhat,,no speciticivl- er"fC toia,il
dence.,ot voting dlscriminatlon .ln anddivisioru.,,
areas ortside those presently c0vered supDortenl of
was presentcd;" 

r 
' ', , quiciio point to

,The eltects test ln the House bilt; ', that , provides
rather than locuslng on intent as in thi actridrie 

-r-..
current law, world focu on election shallnot,',,lri antl
r€sults. iIhe tcst wu"rld be trtggered I a viotaUbn. Ttrislwheneverelectlonresultsdldn6imtr- oome tnto ptay,'

, mr the ppulatlon mlx ol a partlcular tlon systcms hid. community, and could gradually tcad ' guarantee :u; nq
to.a systcm.of pmportlonal repiesen. iroportisnal I
tatlon basd on.nice or mlnority tan. , iutt. If, once' guage sBB - essentlally I quota tlooal r
system for electoral politics., i:tec- achi€ved,
tions acrGs the natlon at every tevel . the d.isclaimer
of gwernment - lrom schml boards . llnding ol a viol
and county commlssions to legisla. I ply wdrld not
!y.o - could bo dlsrupted by litiga. .. ln elecuon syrtlon. , ., .,. - to lacilitsterruu.. I I: tO lacllit8te atlr ',More..fundamentally, A system ol .Uoranciiiirepi

'.'pmportlonal representation based on proponents d,f
race ls inconsistent Eith thi'demG. Utat an eflects te
cratic traditlors ol urr pturallsttc carse lntent is ,,i

'.rect evidence - including evidence o(
eltects - ca,n.be relied upn in prov-

.'ing a violatio'n. The Jusiice D"purt-
ment, forexample, jtst recently inter-
vened in a redistricting case in New
Mexico, maintaining thit discrimina-

. .tory.intent can be proved in that irh. stance.. Jnsljce Potter Stevart demon
:!..atd ln his scholarly oplnion in Mo

r: bile .v. Boldea that Section 2 was
drafted to enfonce the protectton ol the
nght to vote in the lsth Amendment.
wtrlch has.always required proot of il:

,tent. The intent tcst is the hile in the
civil rights anea, not the exception.
The.qg"l pmtecrion clause ol thL l{th ,

Amendment, lor emmple, under
wNch so many tristoric civjl richts aa.

. vances have bcrn made, has thle same
intent test. As former Judge and Attor.
neyGeneral Grittin Ball has writren ro
the Senate subcommlttee corutOering

, the.qlestion, ovefruling the MoDdlE
oectslon by statute vould be ..an ex-

be reprcsented by
can only be repr+'As Prof. William

bill is based on and
notion that

University has
mtut invari-

create racially de
ghout much of the

the worst tend- ..

allegiances

Houe bill are
disclalmer clarxe

the lailurc to
U repr€sentatlon
itsell," constltutc

clawe would only
rer, alter elec.
restructur€{ tO

as possible that
would re.

was done, prypor.
was' ,not

only then yrould.
preclude the

The clause slm.
drastic changes

, , tremely dangeror.r-s oflrrse ol action., uderourlorm ol government.',. This Administration whoteheart-
edly supports a l0-year exteruion ol
the Voting Rights Act ln its present
lorm. The act is not broken, so ihere is' no need to lix it. It should Ue en.nOJ

William French.Smith. is Atlorney

acrms thecountry
rment of propor-

House bill clalm
is necessary bs
msible" or ,,ex.

. 1'

Saturday, I'larch ?7, L9BZ
-\

NEI.I YORK TIMES



":,1 Eoirl Pogo

I')I\1, Y63.6,. N.Y.
A:,lSTTF.DAI,i NTf/S

JAil 3 0 lS2
:';1Ei(L! - 53,173 ..

'' '" '\! 
"'i11'- 

r-(" '\1"'-'. '.,:r..,, rt,.nr. 6 ,- .cn.s. / .-.- -
lciil h:!l Ctlr:.r

number of years. (Thii wa-s i.he-course t . eifect of Oiluiing';;o;ity ,oting ii."ogti;
had supporte9 piiol to the time rhe House en l:eireiG;; Tdl---;il not larry "the
passed its bill. I had u riiten a letfer to the necessiti, of proving actuif inlln[J- I ;- 

----

Secretarv of thb Cab:net,'Cr;iig.'f.uller, ', ia,;;,d;;;dr.,i,1,,igo*zr

' 'That's the record,, says pierce ' \
Dear Editor: backing this position, ancl had !t"."a my !
-I've read.your Nov.28 editorial on the vicrvs ilith a'num6ei oi CaUinet oifi"eri :

voting Itigh.ts Act l?d Ty purported and orhers. et *rit time, tr,is iiiiti6, *iiposition on that law. I'here's no question consistent u,ittr ttrit-' of 
- [ivii -ilgt 

G
about it! iVe still necd a slrong-Voting organiz.ations.)
Rights Act, and I .would like to set the Finally, I suggested, l.he president could

^ Ieggrqstraightonttreinrport:rrrcelattach issirc a-dtateilint in favor of i sLo,ig^ to that lary, as u'cll as.the coirnsel I have Voting ltiifrfi Acl ivittr reasonablegitc'n*'ithintheAdnrinistratirirronit. ..t"ii-7rut;- -piorlrioni and an .{fi;;ts;
In a. ('nlinet 

.rnt.r,ting <liscrrssion. I tcst. t..[t1il-Lut.'pioririir,, arc thc mcans
suggested ihrec allcrrr;rte posi!ir,ns for the . by u.hich co""rid jurisdictions can Uc
Prcsidenl's consideralirrn in srqrport.ing an '' rilievc<f of f,re-cieaiince bV the Justice
exlension of the Voting ltiglrts Ac.t. . Department'of any ctranges in f-ioii*rting ,

First.-t su-ggested, ttre President could prdcedures. The.ierrecG:' test means thai
supp_ort theH-ouse'passed bill. - .,. : . -. .,-. iocal .practices are- judge4..or: Can be

Sc'cond, he' could support a strict." found,- to violate tfr6 v"oting- rig[C bi
extension of the Voting Rights Act Ior a. minoiities if those practices have the

-t. "; '\i

( ('ontinuerl frorn Iln gt' t :l)

Why did I make this lhird recommentla-
lion? Prior to the C:rhincl, rnccting in
question, President H.eagan had called the
House-passed bill "pretty extreme," and
the Attorney General had issued a report
calling the bill too restricti,r'e, and
assailing its "bail-out" provisions and the
"effects" test. In its place, tire Attorney
General recommended a short extension

1 of the existing law and, as another: alternative, a modification of the House
bill which would include a simplified
"bail-out" provision and an "intenti' test"
but no "cffects" tcst. Il:rsed on lhe facls as
they were generally knorvn, I concluded
that the I'rcsident might well r:hoose the

At torney General's linal altcrna[ivc.
I sorrght to compromise tlnt possibility

by suggesting my third option. To me, it is
much more important to have an "effects"
test included in the legislation than to have
the House "bail-out" provisions. Lawyers
generally agree that it is tremendously
difficult, if not nearly impossible, to prove
voting discrimination on the basis d
intent. If acts result in voting
discrimination, courts should correct that
discrimination regardless of whcther the
people committing those acts intended
them to be discriminatory or nol That is
what the "effeets" test is all about.

Literature issued by the Lead,:rship
Conference on Civil tiigtrts states thal

'minority votcrs scc l,lre "intent" tcsl
vcrsus the "cffccls" tqsl issuc as a .ife,
and-dcath issuc on the Volirrg Righls r\ct.
Minority votcrs do not see this dispute as
any technical debate; to them it is at the
heart of the AcL According to the
literature of the Leadership Conference,
any attempt to insert an "inlent"
requirement without including an
"effects" test rvould be seen as the
destruction of the Voting Rights Act itself,.

Secing a potential Administration
position that would have introduced an
"intent" requirement without including an
"effects" test, I attempted to get an
"effects" test included in that pmition. I
felt that issue should be brought oul

should be considcrcd, should bc debated. It
was so irnportant to try lo get an "effects"
lest inclurled in any posilion taken by the
Administration.' The suggestion that we extend the
existing Act for a number of years was
accepted, as was the suggestion that we
have reasonable'ibail-out" provisions.
But I did not succeed in getting an
"effects" test. I regret not getting
agreement on that recommendation, but, I
cio not regret raising the issue. It is that
critical to the Voting Rights Act.

That's the record. I support the
extension of a strong Voting Righls Act.' My actions clearly demonstrate that fact.

Samuel R. Pierce. Jr.

^I

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TO;(,

j :53i'500
- e20,45?.

I ig Pez

terday
the Vo

Ceneral lVilliam French Smith sum-

Rights Act and civil rights in general.

itts
The
he's
has
crim

and

that is
But

two
lrad

say

The
lead, as

in t,he

House
lvere
to
who
but

llOtllc

many
could

only if i
with di natory purposes in mind.

istration says an elfeci test would
put it again yesterday, "to quotas
process."

say the administration's quota.s talk
ing, and thai it rvould be impossible in
to mee[ the intent, test; the law thus
be enforced, they say.

ile, as hearings on the extension con-
hfore a Senate Judiciary sub-

Bep. Henry J. Ilyde (li-ilI.) said the
passed onl.y because many members

voting rights objected 0o the measure
for i[ anyray.

e sincerely questioned some of the billh
Hvdi #id. "No one rvishes trr he t.hc

id to cross civil rights groups threatening
them as racists. He said many members

"By time it reached the floor, suggestions
that views should be considered were
quickly with harsh charges that any deviation
wha . .. nrerely rellected 'code rvords' for,
not ex ding the act," he said.

intinridating style of lobbying had tlre
'ect . . . of limiting .oerious debate and

I nts

creatirrg rvave of apprehension among thrxe who
might

ncl cn Yotine Act
d Civil Righrs

mded by Smrt[r
By Mary Thomton

W,lrhlngtoo Post Ste[ Wrliar

ing is based entirely on the merits. There
no retrea[ on the overall question of dis-

said the Flous+'passed extension of the
Voting ts Act, backed by civil rights groups

co-sponsored by 62 members of the Sen.
atp is what the Reagan administrat,ion wants,
but he
would,lV night in a CBS interview with Dan
Rather, Reagan lirst said he would not veto the

a brief break in which he nrc! with
ite Flouse officials, Reagal said that he

accept
isting with some modifical,ion t,o allow
"bai for covered states alter a period of goul

The
of the
used in
laws a illegal. The House bill says ii is enough to

laws have dirriminatory effects. The
:,ion is backing what civil rights grcups
be a crippling amendment that would

make

reporters to the Justice Department yes-
;o defend the administration's position on

about charges that recent, administration
have been racist Smith replied, "I say

totally untrue. It's catcgorically not so.
that the president is taking the position

,ld not say whether President Reagan I

such a bill it it comes to his dmk. I

proved bill 'I don't know of anything
it that would make me vel,,o it," he said.

roken and that he was in fact, wiUing t,o
ly a simple lO-year extension of the ex-

bill goes beyond a simple extension

te a4d local election procedures illegal
could be proved that they were adopted

lansuase



Ilv F'red Barnes
Wishinston Bureau ol The Sun

iYashington-As recentlY as six
months ae6. President Reagan could
have assriretl extension oI the-\Ioting
RightsJcL.i:l its Present form bY

sinioiv*oeclaring that this was his

perioiral preference, White House

otlicials insist.
But in a remarkable turnabout,

the oresident has lost hiS political
Ieveiase on the voting rights issue

and is iow yiftrrally powerless to in-
fluence tle outcome of the congres'

sional on'extending the act'
condede.Reagan

Nol able to elicit a flat ex'

ost
li: e,r;'

Mr. Reagan is instead con'
with the-prosPect of sw.al'

toughenid vbrsion of the
iehts Act with two Provt-

fronted
lowing
Voting
sions
tiona

w
First,
dent's

admin
rvith a
House

checked

chairm
were w
without

And
self can
in favor
vlelv wl
di

thcre

nistration f inds objec'

has caused the reversal?
official said, the Prest-

ty,. r
Dew

nding among blacks has

ed to tire Point of animost'
anv bid 1o tone down thei
r pi,UUcAtY riskY. This isi

whCt now seems im' '

on tt it one,'l he said' '

y general, alerted by the
story and alrprised of the

BALTI:.13.-'.[, IID.
SUN
I'l0RN I Nc
EYENING

- 17B,gB
- 171,14

/
2

iil:Y tl"iffi*' *T;ff;f,*"' ffi I ffi,I11.i

:i#"ffir:"',i:ffi; tri*Hff i lhf"i
ilti, t I i [""",ir"i"rt ;il ;i;"k'' 6 

- 

iiis 1 
a nd,ine.r

'"lriiiti.t.iiii",'tn. wnit" House of i 
" r;iltXficial said. ;

"Perceptions have set i1 thal ; *::,H
*.1" ii *'"i" Oitficutt for us to deal ".i:I-]:
iiiii-tt L ui-..t communitv," the off i- eo'tc-ro.

at a Um" wt en it could have effort-: .

isimple exteruion of tbe l
olficiil said. "The' gea.ls I

\fllLrl LrlE ulqLs !v"""s".'J t --- , t 6

cial'said. "And the Voting tligUF *,-^il
Act is a trigger. issue in the black i;ri

n's shrunken influence on

rights issue came last Oc-
community.... """'i;:;;1il" wt,it" Ilouse dawdled tober ihe House cleared the

The politics aren't
s.-ihat's whY there are
sonre hard choices."

able indication of

VOTING, A9, Col. 4

ation expressed satisfaction announcement by the White House,
imple extension, a White decided to intervene. :,.s.v.., g

ficial said. "They thought Following a cabinet meeting, Mr,

and discovered that they .made up his mind and changed," ari
ng to Iive with an extension aide said.
mplaint. : , Hastily, a revised statement on the
t August, Mr. Reagan him- Voting Rights Act was drafted, and
close to declaring publicly the White House troika-chief of staff
an extension. In an inter- James A. Baker III, counselor Edwid

The Washington Star, he W. Meese III and Michael K. Deavef
that he had abandoned his -presented it to Mr. Reagan at a ses-

)neral could "make sure ing to a new and untested 'effects'

need to be closed." . Mr. Srnith and other Justice Dei

ffieeg&ua flose Y@fiul$,:'&a[ clout
VOTING, trom Al

new, rnore sweeping version of the
act 389-2.1. Another is the sponsorship
of this version by 65 senators, a solid
majority.

It rvould bbth extend the act and
alter it in two key ways. passed in
1965 and twice extended since then,
the act outlawed impediments to
black voting in the Sou[h and started
a surge in black voter registratibn
and political participation. -

Oue alteration would make the
"pre-clearance" provision perma-
ncnt. This requires 9 states aird por-
tions of l3 others-ltlaryland is-not
included-to get Justice 

-Department

approval for any election law
changes. In 1984, the new version of
thc act would allow jurisdictions to
begin."bailing out" of ilris require-
nrent if they met certain conditions.

The Wlrite llouse wpuld like a less
stlingent "bailout" procedure, but its
more strenuous objection is rvith ttre
sccond altcration. This rvoulil make
any eleetion procedure that .,results
in the dcnial or abridgement of the
right to vote" a violation of the law.' l-or one thing, this could he used to
atlack.at-large elections in lhe Sr.ruth
in which blacks, representing a sizlr-
ble minority, are unable l,o elect any
governnrent officials. It rvould free
civil righLs lawyers from the need to
show "intcnt" on the part of local offi-
cials to deny full political participa-
tion tu blacks and woukl substitirte
tlre easier "results" test.

In lny case, lVhite House olficials
say [1r. Reagan would have been
troubled rvith n:ither o[ these chang-
rs il he had acted last surnmer antl
annrrulccd lris support for a llat ex-
tr:trsiorr.

The black leaders consulted by the

appetred, however,-was that ; parime;t';iii.irl, f,iuu p.""".J tfriirights issue got sidetracked iine ir. i"sti*",ry b"to." i Senaie-iu-ite llouse, an official said. Oi.i"i, suUcornilrittee that is aiming

reral william t,'renct smii"t Dlll Dy Marcn ]u'
blame for this. But the difficulty for Mr. Reagait
I't until after the llouse in all tltis is- the fe.ar at the W-hitg

that be a major victory," the Smith conferred privately lvith Mr.
off ieial led. ; Reagan in the Oval Office and, to the

er. the White House astonishment of Wlrite House aides,
ith Republican officials in persuaded the president to switch,

the
.n hepuDrrcan olllclals ln persuaoeo the presldent to swltch.
among them state GOP "It's been raie that the president had

idea of the act applicable to sion in the White House residence.
all 50
activists
ment.

"I
right of
"and I
made to
ile rvas

attorney

holes tha
What

the vot
at the \
"It took
process
torney G
was not

It
passed
act that
leakcd
that Mr.
along wi
sinrple e

The r t lvas Set to announce
this.in
the att

last Novern5er 7. But

-k

suiiDf{q& 
I6u&ll"

a orevailed. :
tnE-aiatoeu" has changed," '
ii"rr." ,if,e said. "The de' -

long.time.to go.through tn" i"-ii"irh l;;;ilirg up,, an exteniioi

tougliesed uo.rion ,i-[f," House that a full-scale lobbying effort
I Wiite gorru ,no*6.- ii would lail-.and leave terrible politi-

'llrc Los z1 rr,;er1,,g-'1i-r,a- cal .scars' 'To rvage now a strong,

Il.eagal',,,., .,',in"-to io 1lijt-t :|lt-i!l' q{1.:l,9,it"t: 1oT,.iT:

"ttf,.i 
tt, Hurr.'fiifi ril ple extension, politically. would be

nsion. i very costly," a presidential aide said.'

an idea that civil rights The press was kept waiting for 90
ed would dilute enforce. minutes as the final touches were

very strongly in the The seven-paragraph statement
)veryone to vote," he said, g:<pressed lvlr. Ileagan's support for
row that there are efforts the Voting Rights Act, but idtteO tof
. . keep people from voting." "bailout" anrendments and said ,,the
olding off on formally call; act should re[ain the 'intent' test un,

ing for tcnsion, lre said, only'so the der existing larv, rather than chang-'
general could "make sure ing to a new and untested 'effect!'

And a veto. "That would be very, ,
very tough," the aide said. :'And thiLy'
may be Lhe understatement of Up1 .year." l.' .

'l

nelvspa



0ll-,i'.,it,.), r l,O.'.i u.t
5 E iiT i-'''rll. -.'i TLRerYr--t

i,t0iil:ri.tG - 185,920
Si.ti.ltiY -- 217,.91,5

ir
li

l'lAi? ? lgBZ

IVASHINGTON -: Amid conflicting
'its proposals would either promote ra-c
lish electoral quotas. for grinoritles,
Bjghfs,A*$ill come under a Senate j

ber, and now boasts 65 sponsors in
including Floridians Lawton Chiles anr
kins. But it faces formidable ,oppositaclministration and several key ienatorr

changed positions on at least one key pr
Attorney General William Frenchsm

the act should be extended, but in
his critics claim would actually i
progress at the ballot box.

Conservatives argue that its enactm
federal courts the authority to redra
boundaries nationrvide, and even to ord
the type of local governments now

g)az' i, I

Et

Effi.a9
t"

ttee i
1scalpel later this month. t, , '' ...

Ttre measure sailed through the Hou e last Octo- 
|

m or estab- 
!

the YgliJrs I

he Senate,',
Paula Haw-'

from the'i

rvlston.
th also says
a way that
e minority

will give
municipal
changes in

rating if

President Reagan supports the meas but has

ters by
charging the Justice Department with the
attack against affirmative action't in a key
provision contained in the House

Similarly, a national Hispanic claims the
rights corn.

of strong

use 389 to
of Illi.

nois said he knew of several iol rvho sup-
sts.

voted for
ral Miami

but he

minorities are not elected to public off
The Congcessional Black Caucus

agency has refused to listen to voting
plaints despite an administration nlei
enforcement of civil rights. i 

.

Although the bill easily passed thb f
24.last October, Republican Rep. Henry

ported .it out of fear of being braaded
Fourteen of Florida's lS congresr

the measure. Rep. Bill Lehman,. the li
Democrat, would have made it unanir

tracts on the Dade County rapid tr
aide said.

Thej Senate version, backed by
kins and twothirds of their colll

Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, w
discriminates against the South, and by

tution subcommittee, has presided over
sometimes raucous hearings on the bill.

No one disputes the value of the

ers, including Florida and New york, should be ex- |tended for l0 years or perrnanently. i
But Section 2 is clearly the mosf controversial. iIn 1980, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled there was i'

no discrirnination in Mobile, Ala., elections just be- I
cause blacks, who make up a significant percentage'i
gf tt9 electorate, were not being elected in at-lar[e'
districts. - .

The court said that because there was no intent to r
exclude them, there was no discrimination althoush i
at-large districts, unlike single-member jurisdit- I
tions, tend tq dilute minority voting power - - 

1

was horie lobbying for minority cons ction con.

In arguing for the intent provision at a'lan. ig
hearing,_Attorney General Smith warned that ,.quo-
tas would be the end result ... The only ultirnate
logical result woulcl be proportional reprisentation.
I. d9l't see,how anyone could seriouily advocate
that."

opposed by porverful Judiciary Commit

system, an.
t.-

and Haw.
is strongly.
Chairman
claims it

Hatch
of Utah.

Since late Januar5r, Hatch, who chalrs the Consti-
ne days of

iginal act,
passed in 1965 and renewed in lg70
prornoting voter registration ancl p
lm!)ng blacks in the Deep South and,
Latinos throughout the country.

or abridgement of the right to vote by
ment on the basis of race or color. ThiJi
a restatement ol the lsth Amendment to
tution, which enfranchised blacks.

which requires Justice Department a
election law changes in 9 siates and p,

recently,

ilhe controversy centers arouncl hether to
clrange Section 2, which prohibits int denial

govern-
essentially

Consti.

There is also the question of rvhethe Section 5,
al of all

Enactment of the House version, William tsraclford
Reynolds said, "woukl likely lead to the widespread
restructuring. by federal courts of electoral pruc".
dures and systems at all levels of govemrnent _
from the United States lfouse of Repiesent3tives tc
local school boards - on no more than a ;inding
ttrat the election system is not designea io avoia ais-
proportionate election results.',

The president himself has come out pubiicly in
support of the measure, but he shifted positions on
parts of it.

In a Jan. 27 CBS-TV interview with Dan Ilather,
Reagan reiteratecl his desire for extencling the act
and saitl, "I believe t can support the House version
. . . I don't know of anything in it that would justify a

Last Tuesday, the Justice
rights chief testified that no
right to be represented on
bodies." I .

Department's civil
ethnic group "has
elected government

veto."
But after a brief break, in rvhich he met with two

White House officials, Reagan said he misspoke antl
was willing to accept a sinrple lO-year exien.siun oi

1975, in
icipation

hfrm ;*

, However, 
"in"" 

lr,lent is virtually impossible to Iprove, the House amenderl Section 2 to mal<e it a Iviolation simply if the. effect of at-large districts orj"other electoral .practices kept rninorities out .of

of 13 oth-



tr

IdI:., i.'..
. i -I -

'tlt-:. 
. .i

, The.,tersion passed by, the,l;{ouse now has 65',
, sponsorsrin the .Senate,
,'.including Floridians' Lawton Chiles and.paula'

,. Hawkins. But it iaces
,'formidable opposition.
:i; fi'om the administration, ?nd several key senators.

I

;*l; ilil;;* ,,,,a';;, ,,io,".oi;r,,, ,"fprce runoff elecrions between-bili;Jnj';iiit";
q9.rr.Vn11n{ering and annexations, rvhich can aliodiluteblackvotingpower.i ... . -." -'"-
. Th-e study did not include Florida, because so lit:

. tle of the state falls under Section S.- 
--- .-

..^:]I,]":ig^h!. s.royp.. have become increasingty ,

I_"^:?l_11"$ 
passing the.act in tight of the admiriis-- .

.rrauon's.decision - dnd subsequent reverSal _ on_i.
qlvr!g .tax exemptions to private schools thatorscnmtnate.'

the law with modifications to allow the .,bailout,, of,some states now under Section S and Justice Depart-
..lngnt.scrutiny if they have demonstrated good
! behavior.

_, 
B^"_1r"-T,l Hooks,-executive director of the Nation.;,.al Association for the Advancement of Colored peor:',

ple, told Hatch's subcommittee-tfrrt-"ariiistraticn,i
support for the weaker. intent provision-,,signaii,l
b.lack peopte thar civil rights.is ioi;;,;; priority.
IVe have agitatdd, we hav-e Iobbied ...'irji.A to the..presid.en! the vice president, .urU"r.-oiil ;rbt, I
net.- It is the main item on the agenda of black.yAmerica.",, ",,

.. Seyerll Capitol Hill sources 
""y 

tt. administral '
tio.n is likety to prevail when Haicht-Co*titution
subcommittee begins its markup tater tt is monltr.-:,' i
- lhgy-..qv they have a much better chance ln tUe ..full Judiciary Committee, where *Oaei"te n.puUfl-.
can. Sen. Charles Mathias of Marylini-"-ni riU.r"tDemocrat Edrvard Kennedy of fflrrr.irrritts wittstrongly defend the House version ttrey t ive spon-sored in the Senate. : /

. 
- 
Since 1965, the agency has reviewed about 35,000, :l::iiol law^ch_an gei. nitionatty, O r"ri"*in g a littlemore than 800 of them primirily for i,O"itutin!;

,, 
r,1:riJy voting power in at-targe iiit.i.ir.-'_ Florida's Hendry, Hardee, IfittrUoroulh, Collier. and Monroe counties have been covered iy Section
5. for the past 16 years, although no-etection taw-

l. :?1q9,hrs ever been challenged, said Dot Gtisson,: Florid-a's deputy secretary of ltaie f* 
"rllti"r..-i,iJ^- t^ t-- - i

sErrqlg. , /
At the moment, Mathias and Kennedy ,ra tn"i,

,, Section.S expiresin August. The House bill would
=c-ontinue.it permanenfly, i"tile i;;;;;;r"ts a l0-

it if we can hold all thosL peopli with us,,' onecommittee aide said.

. year extension. The House bill also Iont"i", a strin.gent "b.ailout" provision, which tfra ,a.irirtration
would like softenecl.

A recent American Civil Liberties Union studyfound that despite the etectton oiz,ldo-Uirlf. offi.u.holders in the South since 196s,-;;-;r]riiri. .ir",in black ygtlnS, ctiscriminati", ;;;irr;;. "'-

O_ne Republican strongly committed to tfre Math-.,ias-Kennedy measure is Faiia i;;ki;;.:- "'
Hawkins, who said extension of ttre'voting rights

iii,ilili -,?,i,XTIi'f; i],.""'i 
se' pr an s to 

"oi 
u io"iiiu'

As. for Justice Department opposition to the intent .

provision, she said, ,, I !!i.nk tii"V ,." j*t ili;;;mountain out of a molehill. you can,i irrn ii. cf&[

IIIt
t

The ACLU cited the use. of at_farie Jistricts, elec-



rvu! flln"" r{s-

IloRi':ING - 584'500
iulloav - szo,41?

,:. Bvlvlarlrild;;" ,. - ',: flle Mobile clecision.is symholic with tho mJiides.1o.9blaliz3d, terns, under-representation of mi'1

;;.. r and Ho\tuie KurtZ " ,. becauss it .is the case ths Supr.*. Sen. Robert.J- Dole 1R'Kqn') has norities in elected positions and'in'i
.., w,ihhstonposrshrrlilln ,'' C;;ir"d'ln r-gj0 to seb thf pre- Ureun ,n efforl to prorlole a -co1n; vidious discriminat'ion in such areasl

f',ilr,li:1*ffi:*ii$$: . i/,i1il,ll;,l',rffi;ourts 
t': 

:':" ilf#l#" Ifb','iriao 
seem tq be,. 

.rcs' 
heal- 

*u,:ll*H;'he isexpect-l

ing tho 1968 Voring niehts Ac1' fras . The fiffi; i;irrt sent the Mo- pr 1n O- ts com;1itt€" *.rUro,;.].,lra'io" "rfti 
f,i, pr.n "d, a sub.titute

t;?; iili;rg.iri f.,iuf,yj'iffi,ri,i. Uif.'.r*-i*t !o the loler court, niri.-rie 
-U-sponsom 

of the bill calj ' when the issue comes ibefore the

lobbvins bv civil riet,h l.iirirt onj whers bLcls hacl originally *on, sayl i,iei.iit * .fi'ects test, scven support: , committee tomorrorv. ;

, .Tho bo,troversy .on'tio on what iir't tiiiiiir.*tl, Sinco thcn,lnwyers :'il":-D;i;-'rra S.". ilorvell Ho(lin'., rnittee conservalive said, 'This is'

-tt.,. 
u1*]nislraiion wartts a sim- t.the tgth'century, inientionaily dis' .on i. nob'equallylopen,to minori- but,therighttowin.Thisisrealrad-i

plo l0-year extcttsion of ihs nct .ro' crimlnrted ogoin-r[ blncks' ' iies. flis plan'rvould ireb up A list of ical for Bob Dole." ] :

laining"tho suprcmo court fincling _.Tllu_ Leadership confcrencs on iiir.ri*iriiorv factoi's a,courf could ' And one source on the other.side,
'that 

s"tats and'local oificisls violate , Civit Rights, an tttnbtcLls group gt i , ,.. i" fri iini a violation. Thcso in-, said, "Vfo've got 65 voles. That's,

' But 65 senators are cosponsoring ,. possible to provc'intent in this casc, I ' r'uY'v.."

'Va,tirBR: i'@:, CW,o:Pr::l

a much more liberal version of ihi ,it took more than 6,000 hours of

, bili-identicrl to one passed by the ' lawyers' time and 4,000 hours, of
Flouse, 389 to 24-providing that a time on the part of experi witnesses

violatiin occurs whenever local olec' ancl paralegals, i
tion laws have the practical effect of . In making his decision, Judge tr/ir'

asainst' blacks: ori Piitman found ib necessarY to

other minorities,
officials stepped up their lobbying in-,
tho past weok, claiming that a recent,

couri decision in Mobile, Ala., shols ,

that the intent test cari be met eas' '

back to 1814, : ,

The debats on the standard ol.

7'

ily. In a le[ter to members of the
Judiciary Committeo, RobertA. Ivlc' ,

Connell, assistant attorney'goneral
for legislative affairs, said, "It is norv

clear beyond doubl that the asscrtcd
reaso! for changing [the law]-that
the existing intent test is too diffi-
cult-has no basis in facf.'

Bub civil rights larvyers rvho favor
an effects test insist it is almost int-
possible to prove intent, especially in
coses rvhere Lhe clccted officials re'
sponsible foi the laws have becn
rlcad for vcnrs.'-'-

proof has procluced' virtually no

agreemcnt between lhe two sidcs.

Adminis[ration olficials havc re'
ueatecllv, insistcd thai an effects

standarit rvould leacl io proportional
rbpresenta0ion by race in cities and

toivns across America. They say that
rnost of the country's municipal clec'
tion systems likely would be chal'
lenged in court.

Proponcnts of the eflccts iest saY

that is not truc. Thcy havc iucltrded
language in [heir biil specifying th,at

ii shoukl not be intcrprcterl lry the

ccurts to call for propoitional rep'

(

- J' -\



I1oRNiNG - 841,890
SUNDAY

APR
-l , cLOS ,O7'l
2'B le82

r-J.'.' T?IE NEw YORI( TIMES, ffiEDNESDAL A1RIL h'rrrr.l,l;.1

,, ^Fon el DelaysAcrr'on, in VotingRrgArs Act as Com rorni's e ls Sought

WASEINGTON, April 22 - Lasmak-
en searched for a last-minute cbmpro,
F-t!^91--T93drirs the votfic Rr;it
nrittee pGtponed corsideration-of the
J cgJ stailon until Wednesday

"preclearance" requi'rement ex-
pires_for maay Jurisdlctirins tn August..
The House version ol the bill w-outO'
make the provislon permaneDt. Senator
Dole's possible compmmlse might limit
its tife to l0 or 15 more years.

Coaservalives oppo6e Mr. Dole's ef-
forts on the gmund that he wouid ore-
serve the resrilts standara wittr onty
'tmmetic" changes, as one stafl aid-e
put it. Supporters of the Horse bill are
reluctart to embrace !t, saytng the ef-
fests'test can Pin oa '.he Senate tloor.
!u! they might well have to accept the
Dole compromise, at least sn the coa-
mitteelevel.

Senators Bob Dole, Repubt-ican of Kan-
sas, aad Eowell Heflin, Democrat of
Alabama, and Senator DoIe has been
lsadingthe effort 0o find a comprodrlse.
. ID en h_t_ervi-ey, Mr. Dole sald fre op
poscd the Hatch bill as too r€strictive.'

"I sbare the view ol the citdl rigtrts
@romunity," he sald, ..that in sdme
yet;ng cases, it is hard to prove jatent.,,

But he elsnsai4he thought the House
wqio11 qgd its r€sults tEst could be
made-"a little more prectse.', ln oahic-
dlarr hq wodd like it to State mbre dt-
rectly that lt do€s not conAonJomcc-r-
tioaal represeotation based on ratl.-.'

By S1EYEN V. ROBERTS
Sfd!, toTbNdTsthE€, #d .ttqt Tlnorities must pmve that

discrisrirtatlm ras lntentioa?I, ano-rJ
difficult staildatd to meet.

Civil rlgic adyocates airA teir iup
porters have prcpmed an amendment

Mr. Dole sald he sas also concernal
about anotler section of the bill requir-
ing political jurisdictions rith a trlsiorv
of djscriminatisn to obtain prior af

before the full Judiciary Committee.. By all comts, the Haich biII has seven
votes in the fuil committee, all Republi-
cans; &e Hq$e version, vhicti em.
bodies the results test, commands nine prcrai fmm the Justlcc D€partment f6r

.'fhe- intcnse .discussioni, whjch ln:.!ltq{ lobbf ist}.trom rh; R;;il Ad.
ministration and ctvll rrehts adio;i.:s.
rellected a baqiq sp1;1 in the Republicaiparty over its poliileal direciion. On
ono side were moderates who favoi
T3ching oui to miaority voters; on th;
c.theI we1e coDservatlves who- prefer
thc Repub-licaff to be a more ..iiomo,
SeDeous, larmcrriotrs party,'l I in G;Foros oI seDator Charles McC. Math-
ias, a liberal Republican ol t tarvlina. '

The Administration has been IoUUv.
ing.heavily for a version of ttre bill, bas"l-crlly en cxtension of the existinri tai"*f
that lih-.rals say would make iah-ard;;ll
fcr rEembe rs ol mlnorities to orsve thatl'
they had bcen vicrlms of Oiscrimini.ltlso. AcclrCing to several Senitl I
-sairpes, Administration ofticials, led I

!f -{ttorney Generat Wiltiam frLnitr ;
Smittr,.have been arguing tirat a Ujsic

. extension of the law c'ould sene the in-
teresls ol the Republicaa party because
membe* ol mixorities generally vote
lorDemocrats

"Politics is a malor conslderatlon.,, .i

.said aRepublican stafl side, who ask6d I

.qot to be identillcd because 6f ttre senst- i

U-8.1"*T ol.tlre subJect. .,Thts ts the i

'f

rnostpoltleal bill going.,,., :

t, . ArgurentOverprorlngBlas
The Ley arguEoent tn the Senate ls

oy-cl Dow t0 prwe discriminatlon. The
9I-81"3't ycrsion ol the act, pasqed tr
193.5, 

-does not provlde a specilc stana-ri .L.r, q,.'Es nor prwloe a sp€ciilc stand-
am, -but most early court cases indi-nru, -our mos[ early court cases indi-
cate.J tnat axcinorify Broup could provew!L-r urdL d-r j.lulunry Btoup colud provg
Dtas un-der tIe act by pointing to the r+
sults of elcctoral proiedurcs-. In mort

sults test asthesurE [es1 85 tDe standard ol prmf and
reverse tle recent Supreme Cirurt aeci.
sions-This language 

-pasled 
the House

oveFrhetEingy and h+ attracted 65
cospoosors in tbe Senatb.

- E_bw9ve1, Senate crnservatlves, led
Py C.r-il G..Hatch,'Republican of Utah,
have bitterly opposed-the results test:
They contend that lt would lead tc pro,
portioml rrpresentauon based sn race
and a major upheaval in local gwern-
Eental systenr. A bill sponsored bv
Illr. Hatch, which preservEs ttre inteni
standard, passed tire subcommittee on
the Consuutioo last month and is now

reccnt cases, the Supreme Court has



I/11LL STil;iT JOJRi,tAL
--NASTTRN EDITTON-.

t:cnNING - 640,064

HAY 4 -_lgSZ

;t),,.0 t Jl a 
" 
{/;s, nrr, Jn".

\yAsrrNcrgll. b.c. zooos _,,

-,':9o Pogo pogo l> SflALL;.STREET JOURNAI-, Tues<lay, Irtay 4, t9B2

bill with the latest compromise. 'itrat was i
bef<lre the White House endorsement, too. 

I

: Few question that t}e Voting Ri8hts-Act,
first passed in i965, has opened up the politi'
cal process to blacks ir the South. The once
highly controverslal measure gradualli' has
won rvider acceptance, as evidenced by last
y-ear's 389-to'24 vote for the bill in ,the
House.

A principal provision ln the Act expires
thls August.,,The provision requires areas
wlth a history of discrirnination to get clear-
ance from the Justice Department beforej
graking any electoral changes. It was in ex-l
tQnding this requrrement that the Housei
ViteO [o do away with need to tind "intent" i
tiC disciirnlnate.- I
u.----ffi

The Dole compromise pleases ctvll-rights
groups in that lt wouldn't require ihat
"lntent" be dernonstrated to provi dlscrirni-
nation. It says that election results are .,one
circumstance" that may be considered ln
d.eterminlng a vlolatlon but specilica,lly adds
that rninorlties don't retain any rtgis ot
proportionsl representation,n .,.,.,,r;r. . :; r

This produced unusual bipartisan support
cutting across ideological llnes. It was:em-
braced by Sens. Edward Kennedy. (D.;
It{ass.) and Charles lvlathias (R., Md.), rhe
leading llberal spnnsors of the teglstation.

provision speclfically disavowed this.

and by such conseryaUves as Sens.

: SeenLihelyasDolefingt, promlserugineersCom
?tW ry&#.gE xt ensi oru by th e S en at e

By Alour R. Hurfr
!. Stou Reporr"r o, 'flrE Wa!r. Sl:iltrrr JoURNAL

; IVASHINGTON-The way was cleared
i for Senate passage of the Voting Rlghts Act' extension, wlth the leluctanl support of tlre

Reagan admlnistration. r,

; The voting-rlghts breakthrough. wasi laryely engineerxl by Sen. Robert Dole
; (R., Kan.) wlto forged a compmmise agree
' ffient to'break a stalemate between civll:
I rights gmups and the administratioi;1 The: compromise slightly alters tie sweeping
I House-passed bill, which drew tle objections
: of the adrninistratlon, but the changes aren't; very substantive.
: Last night, the White House endorsed the

Dole plan as a "constructive, bipartisan
comprornise." President Reagao gave the
measure +my. heartfelt support,'l,,,rand. the
Whlte Ilouse expressed hope the bill. can
clear the Senate by lrlemorial Day. . ,.. Top White House aides, concerned about
charges that President Reagan is insensitive
to minority rights, for montls haye lreen
urglng unqualified support ,of the voting
rtghts extension. But Attorney General Wil-
liam French Smith has sided with some Sen-
ate conservatives ln oojectlng to portions ot
the House-approved legislrtion. The princi-
pal objection ls to provisions thxt critics
clairh will sanction proportlonal representa-
tion of racial quotas in electlons.

But with such a mainstreatn Republican
as Sen. Dole orchestrating a comprornlse,
the Whlte I'louse apparently believed it
would be politically enrbarrassing for Mr.
Ileagan to hold out any longer. Within the
past couple of days sorne blacks ln the ad-
ministration reportedly met with top Rea.
gan aides to warn that reJecting the Dole
compromise would be "disastrous."

The legislation still has sonre hurdles to
overcome. Senate Judiciary Comrniltee
Chairrnan Strom Thurmond (R, S.C.) saicl
yesterday that tIe Dole measure doesn't go
far enough. And stalwart conservatiye Sen.
Jesse Helms (R., N.C.) has thrtatened de.
laying tactics to thwart the bill. Whlle this
opposition may prxluce some procedural
problems and some delays, l[,s widely
agreed the votes are easily there to pa.ss tlrl
bill and, lf necessary, to break a filibuster.'The 

main issue has involvetl the way that
voting-rights violations are determined. In
l9ll0, the Supreme Court held that it had to
be shown that a locality intended to discrirn.
inate before a voting.rights violation could
be 

. 
p.roved. This upset civll.rights groups,

which persuaded the House to clrange fhe
lary so that a violation. could be demort.
strated if the effects or the results of elec-
tions exclude rninorltles from the political
process. Crltics claimed tnls flfnounted to a
quota system, although the language of the

A key to the agreement was lhe rviiling.
ness of civil-rights gTorlps to compromise,
even though tley already had more than 60
supporters in the Senate. They preferred a
convlnclng bipartlsan victory to a narrower
slugfest where they could have lost.impor
tant procedural tests. And they believe
they're ending up witl a perfectly actepta-
ble package.
,-.'.l'With the Dole compromlse we really ac:
compllsh'all tie' objectives -oI tie House
passed bill," exclairned Ra.lph Neas, execu:
tlve director of Leadership Conference on
Clvil Rights, the rnajor lobbying arm for the

Curiously. Mr. Neas's vlews seemed to
be supported by Sen. Thurmond, who said
that while the Dole complomise was a "step
in the riglrt direction,ll..it,srill "doesn't prr
hibit pmportional representation." But the
Judiciary Committee chairman has prom-
lsed he won't botUe up the, biil in his com-
mittee.

And it seems there easily are sufflcient
votes to send it to the Senate floor. Sen. Dole
yesterday said there lyere "at least:' 13

votes on the lE.member panel to suplx.rrfute t

Crassley (R., lowa) and Howell Heflln (



(":::-!:,!:frr,,,",, -
l,f,rr.9,.t o

it.c.TTASHINcTO

?il:""ii"oNi ?'c' 
rcooo 

-Othorp"io iJgo ;#:

iffrlh'cELEs, cA!.

IIORNING -
SUi!DAY

t J'l .'-.--1

iffRy a

1,018,4g0
l,3oz, jgs

,lgg0, 
,,

,aent l'

-0n VotingAct'?
By ELLDNIIUMD. ,r J: ?irncs SrallVntrr " 

I

. W.{SUINCTON-Amid oiticism ithrttris Adrninisrrarion h," il;;;l;i- .i
scnsitive to minority ,l"rrs, Fr"r- iroent tieagan Ilonday announced I

:':-'_f1!-.fetr suppgrr:,, for a I

E{.eagan BailXts \
r Corxlpromise

' slre.ngLhencd version bi ttre Votin!
Ilights Act. \<-
. ltongid-issucd the statement one
hour.aiLer.Sen. Robert l. ooi" iri_' l(an.) prcdicted that Congress could

. override any prcsidcntial veto oi i
ncw con)pronrise vcr.sion of the bill.
uote, at a news confcrence with ci- ,, vil r.ights leadcrs, sairl that fS oiti.,-o t

18 rnembers of tlre Senate Judiciarv I
Conrmittee had agrced to tt* , ,i,,, comprornise langunge he, had pro-

1 posed.
l\ -- '{'' -.1 ''N-'L'i'^"'"):!, 

'

l!-- . t::'.'::::J.r*rl;sEu)

Angcleo &lmes

IVOTING;,Pr
i""'lilr"."F;*1ffi:1,*

irtn*fe*'**ffi
fi *lfi 

i,*iu,g#,f**ifilfi:*i

.,pild .ra sun."nar".il'il: ,{
119{.exp-ecr rhe bill wili wtn anseni te,:.1 uai cl;;t "b;ffii#;rl

;liii.i l{"?',t:.if; H,xf l#: 
;;'

,^lV-tritg.!or5u CommJnt.arions Dir
ff: :iil !!". 

plesi<tent hopes r.he bilithe Senate Ueforciire'fiiemorial Day
I*!flly assure,rhar key secilons
lfj]f9..: ttre rnosi successfut civil
Lnrs lcentury_rvould be ex,tendede4riration deadline. ' ,

-^Irt'.his 
statement, Reagan said:g:llii: t. .no.i oii'.ii"nsion of rhe

19..:sJ9lF 
so that we ean put tt into ell-,our pitizens that we arL cornmittedmost sacred rights.,,

Intent and nesrilts in Dispute 
:',

}l,l,ll_l$l of the year_lons con

ii;ti.ri{##i#,".u#ix
;|._the "intdirt,i of the eteetion officiaprovide dis'crimination.

._Alty. Gen. '.,./illiam lirench Smith
l::l,,loylr{ .rsainsr rhe r.; ;;;t;;'i,

Supports Ng* Cornpr;;ise

#fi,,;Ji'li{[E;?,'*'i{*J,*,ru,lJ-""

';l;{**i+$$,mfft.$$rt-l$ffijl-y":tlt:r.dffi itfr,.t":iil'"r,"",x'#xy,fi.,lifl i:iiie earlier delavs
P. East, bottr Ri-

be approved bv
ess. That would
the lg65 act-

all-important
w as qujckly as
and assure all of
protecting thejr

has becn

David R. Ger-

bill passed in
ti-reip August 

.

lly arguecl 
^;

:9h1lcilg ,

rn cxtending tlic
rrng language be
ts-rather than
-could be used

i!.if ",,t4 \:e 
ts,i1se.rL;;; il.ifit8ili:

.ff i,'*ltSii:f, ;:X;;:[i,1olffii at some Rcagan
that the ncw

i'faqqrt 
onlY, rcstbred tt," 

"rleinul of the act,



Pogc Pagc Pogo

ts

sroux FALLS, S.D.
ARGUS-14EADER

EVENTNG - 46,167
suiroflyg: ,s*rcT_lo

- .--^-

-, \ffigur,: [6,; 
pnomq$e' ustin&rHEi lyaffi ,,1_9,- pn€FqSG quttmg

Jr'fghts ,act csuefl,Gili stat;;,,

ffi il;lj,r, 
li [**1';;qtil'*t{i$u, #r***r'*ttrm lr

' r"='Jiii,i.'ia""jil#" n h as al-' cha n se 
. 
i" 

-l.Af ;;; u;;i ;
#.","r.,",:iff#3,rJt,#[,,::fr{,{i. 

fltfitry,i1ti,.i}-ft?},,,ftg# 
tqliii-.B'nir:"t;,:ffii,#

l:^- .- --.-':

Lee Atwater-.wiii.'

E*e'qeo ro cover tbe entire na' ment' -t-r;;f''l'Y'o"vvfffi 
i*f*r,*t'*t#llfrr,r#f,

i*-;ttg,-*ttggl;lg ;ii.[fff;{,{liti*r*Hr: 
r,.,xff,:r.jtufr&ii{:$:ii.r},.,r

fli*tr*hi*lt*:*,'fi;f! $?,.,r1", #; ;::: 
j',, *i,*lf:rtLT*id*ftf flttr

meetins. : - -

io*"i'#it!3?lixil,FT:;.,f ii{i$ Ef .|ifi Jirii,'# i#fi
fi 

',!1,i3,!lf,xHSlf n'mltlt,*;llitL_1tt:.q ror a .;compiih-#i;;

iffii'#;#,:;.::,ii #,Y"Y, Ti *iDanned the use of litdracy tbsts foiwould-be. voters .ana otlei-niic-
trces, expire in August of f9g2, ind a
,Ti[: 

rf##* itls gaiplnrtt_;";

":i:f*X!3i1T,nr";?:'.'f .Sf 

-

mtegration, Softhern heprUjidiri
: anq. some De{nocrati, too _argue that the act'unfaiiii jingfes.
them out for governrnent inteiv'enl

nate the election process. 
,

..and Reed says he coutd toteiaterne . controversial pre,clearancC
provision of the taw ii it -wlre iilplreo equaily to all regions. Wifh
na,rronwrde -application, he adrts.--me more heirous things (in tiri

.laql qil{ be corrected d;rG; iil;.'rest o.f the nation won,t i[Jnd ioithern."' . Local officials across the South
nave comptained that the preclear-
ll-ce requirement contjnuel- toprace an enormous financial burden

ReP. Ilenrv Flvdc
fpiii' i lt',j',ir'r 

S L'i!;,I#h # i,irithat is t._,f,g 5piii'uJ
l:i"1.J: Hyde,s ou JJril"l"li,t},,i
i;; iHpl::'?i?,tJflIl'J'ii l#jcountry ior up-ioio'ui y"r., if evi-dence of disc"i.lndtion" ;u'#:p0ared.

t



1..i..

' I, ,.'\., -

itt.'
' 'l:- "

[]rcts Jnte[tigcncet Jnc'
IVASHIN6TON. D.C' 2OOO5

Fronl
. PoEo

Othot
Pogo

Edi'
Pogo

NETI YoRK, N.Y.
TIIIES : .

.,t',ii.ri

ByHOWELLRAINES

' I ,r !'''.-; -;i: 
'

seasond watchers of

as a candidate, opponents of busing, al
ngnrs amendrnent and the ban on school
ing that he turn back the clock on the
twodecades.

'i{ottVhether but }!ow Sluch
. .But by far the greatest threat io Mr.

cal health is the Congressionat resistance

yearago, pe.ople were saying he couldn't I
elected he couldn't govern,,, said David'
senior White House spokesman. ..By 

e

L!ill, t 
" 

deserves high marks from a-pol
whilewe face-an upi-iu baute in t"i*ln"
focus of the debate on both cutting taxes a,

nlr&#iff#{

..,,,.-\.
.r:" i,;,"'\r .' l-\

r,jL

F"EIfl!.Be?F\TTEIT.ru

r'"r+=Tiitl j,tq*-t*ri,],fii6'd;-R;;;no1]ilii'i#ts1";rli,1
li1lpg^pus[resirnen-ani oit wett c-*ril"sf, .,;,, $*lfi,ir:tp8^Pttslnesirnen and oil well clvrrers tai

. The guestlon of how much, of course, ir
. tax issue as a test of IVIr. Reagan,s political
prestlge. I as-t-month, ln pasiing liis sper
Reagan humbled Democraric leiders.'In

0 r,, ffiji trilfiTei5.i!* *ir,s:il* iH'H,H,#f:,''' Mn O'Neut arid Mr- T9$enkgwski fip.6i;;ilriH;
:';,p1-.s10.9.'qryu.weivir:pemiriE"ii'"iii"r#theedrlier

n p f iii, oi-m:,iilir **,ru:tY*xU n*ffi il:nffi ir
I ;. ll ;',:',. . ; i;:li S: sunare ultia" d suisiiiut-d *"jo,rr" on the House floor,

h r ri;:, tii l:L.ft'*i*l;HrHriff[Tniflf#ilfli
u L '' '- 

' :i'.', fc-e.this showdown on the floor wourdsenolui. ileaian orr
.,.. , .,ii, ,,', ,t lir,-lg}l-Calitornia ranch with a ftrst defeiiniiii,,ii-*ir.',,,, I $1,*prll${:qe';ffi Efflil"l1'T',:TJ,ii}ilTl?-,,
''.,.... . i.",., , ,.il: Tlme,u!$S{Saneconomicprogram. ,.,",;-'.--. .' . r...

---+,i lgaryhtigforan ldeologicalEialance,,:
;,ry$:*:-qrtT" ;i j ;_ : Yf l ^01'_,y1' 

n"."ean t tr i# auout-!r,,"i, i"o""o, .,
, i'fi ;*']i : 

"hT' 
; i *i",Xil i,iffi .T*,fff; tffi , :[T, :f 3l i,TT,,l*H;

r[: Hl lH i:::; . i :::f-1u3g-".1"11y;3n;.i "ii. ion" ui'ii i, 
"i 

iii'i J'"?*" t,f;[,:i*; l, ;H,fi M}. Reagan's aa,i.-.-o r,"-"e-Jrafr:",li r 
"ff.5rr :

aced by ron q,' :t .a', t,S!i,1ti$Hii:i,i?*fi ;, 3:' X::: roLffi i.ilii-prqr' r.r-' c.,sp j: ffesloe.nuardecision making. tsut white House otficials:praced bv.rone ",; aamittat u,aiitrEii. ii*t'iliiti""r firesrorm came whenl wearied both i'Mr.'Re.:i rueiea tris *'onirnl" 
"?"i.aJiil*oii,or,last-minute e(t' .. " tii'ann.hi" s*t;l'c-.,];.;r;.:.^

i'{*lf.i ", f iffi h.Eilir'11'*ft: .;Hft #:.l}?*"fi#Judge sandra', "midd tr,d oto*Li .iio'i"" ;r;ii hri.'i&"#Hi:::fdt;l ;
; 9oi*,:vl*i:,, ?:l::i^:xtjll-f;i E:iil;;r,i.i-*i ;."ii}' 

"an." .,,, ., .:,' Jus,cgDepartmenr rir"ffrdi;;ilii"a;r;il;il;,5.;l
adicted the offi' ' misrrpresints Mrs. o'connor's record bn abortion: . ;-henation,slirstl,,.'Inenv",.eanlnmi^l*.aF}}L^.,';,e nauon's rlrst . ,, In any case, an appointment that sets oiiipuiri" ,pil:sex' Mr' Rea' between senatoi aarii crrd*"ter and tt 

" 
i,Luu-rundj;Ey:

#ji li:i ;=L-,,,l"j,y:ll,l? t" u" t ii"', i,iii",,! ii. wJ 1iilii;Hi,Ii",ff ,g .,i jolting week .'. to find,'its tdeologicat trl;;;;il;.'c"il;;";, ffii#ii.-:
i:fp^,jyl{Ir]l-, }|r:I glge ora a"elt, caiiJi'n ..u,q.y 

sood chrisrian,, to_erforr to rono'"' .Ric(, the racr<:ef,o-'oi-i'ai rh;i"iii"?;ir""r'iilX,U 
"TiUi:l :r"lrj: llgllg*-rJttre wtrireiiouia.uLot."o u^ity brush of f con-servatlve activists and Christian tunaameritafiils wtro Ue.lieve ltrs. O'Connor is insullicientty Opp"i"O--id-" u"nt',unaccustomed rl. andwomen'slehts. , ' . -,. 

---. 
..:;1 ;:-:--'."'*"',,..,

*:i:j5;t* ,, ,,.^I:*t'-:ilT,:liglll; stung'uv theii "quictr n.r"- il

::'ffIff :::, ' [:: t'#:it.:*::Y**-r a;i:-r iii"or iii; iiiL
ral race and exD€cr-s him rartptiwcr .,,^* .^,tll.lliticqreligioui right'ace and . expects him ro deriver. such folrowio r""i rrri-'iiJg"ii,

l?,9py:. ; ir i l:,.I."-yiry $r. histoai .pugtern *,"i rinds chiet execurives .

;an capitalized' i softenin[ g,qir. Sq'ne"icr, ii*rr6, t,i'!?"H"il:;ilT,;
,_o-l lhd."cy1t .,li ffrey.aplg terir_ttregiowTneiii,rence ot moderates such as.ryer are insist- ' , Chief of Srafl,Jamis e. eit("i, 3d, who ',*r. ffiR;;;;;i-zingtrenctsof i'i to^-igno; di;ri;;#;i'is!u"s': unril the tax cui is... .; passed. Even so, White Houseaides do not U"fiur" rf,l 

"1,;l
: :'l :Yj: :'" y,' f'|'S,*.Y ll$,1 1"" e3n.'."d't-tiev- ca s uar rv s u g- lj:.i gest that rhe New Rtght is comptaining .o iti 

"y;ff-ii"ili" 
l

hisplantocut, ThewhiteHousehasnotnoticdthechasteninslessonr
Intil now, Mr. 'l pointed up by the ."iau.n"""" of fomer Droci.ro--r a^ - -]oy' llr' ., pointed up by the re€mergence of former presi,re"r,t iai:

1'i,T":lI ; :":.lill"i::I.^ o_*:^ :,:.id, r,r.. c".iui o;i.i,,ii.")ri.;:the Ausust ., about hiscoreconsiit6;t;ifith.;;; Ji.tH:l:iiir California i Christians, and they tr*,if on t i,-. E;;;;;, fi;;;ffi-by the pros- .' visers are more concerned uUotrt ,oGni;; M;..iE';;'i,
, . : hard-line imape than'nt"r"i.o rr,- nnnc;'-,^rr..^ -.--:-^. _ : hard-line image than'pleasing the consefraai;;;;i;;

:i: Y.l i: *?,lii?f :,::l';'T:111T?i,'{ 3 9*1 i",;i ![e; i':ili;;ii t i ca l ro r e. " A r.' resu r ts i t wh i c n Lir-,* w iiiil-'n ; ;q i ;ijii,'i'J,i'il"Ji.';iiTJ .electedandif the New Ripht. tost t" wl*. Darrrzr' r,_ b_-_- ,
,tecreo and if . the New- Right, lost 

-!o _yuyne Oow.dy. nf r- n""e;":i .

?,",ltn?,tn ?, lT:*:::.. :"-'i' ""{E4m+titrnL *; j,;; d.L ;il"#i,, -
standard, r'. drove enough t ruffi inffiJifi"dyioi,fii:;'ffi;l;'J.
,i,ffSffl*: yj[:*:].,:llry:ygti no,," uroli..;i*G iril. ::l:i.8F-11" Reagan.not to tamper with tt 

" "ri*i'l"."ri.qs 
wqr ru.g rtrr' '

Itungspend-, 
,___S.r-.I_"jrfplicated. cross-press[res ctearly overbur-..h." dened the pubiic relation" rn[n-.i"*; il;. ir"d;i#;

:,T:I-,.rj,lj . 
Ie^eL ror'exarnni";G;t lj..r."r, number two man in .dgment an(. the press otfice, i*ounc& a wrut" irdus"l.;d;;;.T;il;,.

F,,'Xl'i"XI. i'jT3:*liliyff; g^l:y:: .:.::1,-',"s.i,i. rt" iirii"r,rr ar reasr, was scrapped.within hours, as wis a subseqr"nt e'ofi.J oi.*:T::Ij ::pl:::i1q,t13 1"c1 1t.t. "{c1ive o,conioi i;i;fi#vote in the ouhurnbered lh: pTilir: rrtr:stii; iso ilil,r;iil'iffi ;

,',1?J "' - li, $l::il; X'jll"l j:.P^"1^.: 
11,9-,r "e,3;, 

. t';il ;i"?:
Dan :?ffJ:;i*Tmm,tf"r&,l*":,;l*.*,*?*i

home turr rn ;; il"ffi ;i[1-"*,i,-,*#Jtil,?: ;'xiliJff $il:
:ji*9::f Y:.P,,:l:q'saio,tikejtr"oppin['ior"*r, und rhe presidenr

lng.Theguestion is not whetherb-ut how

the Democrats have rebounded. House
O'Neill Jr. asserted last week that a

Chicago, the House Ways and Meins chai

H-ouse would bring passage ol the more
15 percent.in two y-ears-- iavored by the

Even though Mr. Reagan crridid Reoie
Rostenhowski_by name on the Congressman

.,.'r.il,-:

\*'i':7'"1* 
o' 

:n: "*':*t's 
Aug' r ladline, Con. simplylikilttreiirsionehi-.frr- - r"v'rer'e.'

( r, I , ' ilr '' "".""=";*-' j'..,

t, - t

l'., '

r jC'
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tr,]h. 
Civil Ritr,i"" utvu xrghts r"iH?TIBtfl,Tf

f,1y*i:llluon-nascenr asl rrrere v

gi#;t*ir}l,ffifi,tr]*lfl#
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lfi fl{i,:1.ry*l*

hftffi lm*r',f,llrt+,'i,'.t:*/l*]*-irfl',:ffi,,:itfl !;Hi3gl*r*l;:,,;i*,:iA,1611,4,,,i1*i#F*liT:-,iiiil&r ifiL,i.

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''tfik1rrls fl't,rtt [,ip, 1,11 .]n1,,,,. I f.,i.'f.
-l 

l)c),als(r c.i,lt'rltt,;tt,..rl llxll r,l-l rrl r,i. 
, Il:111. llilairrnrptirrg,r{) set as i iii,rlti'j f;rr renro'eo as [,,*iTir-'r,;;; I r'(]rrt

I Pt'esident Cartei's posture on L...
Jaffirrnative aciion.' I ilrke t(alllrlnallve acil(rn. I ll,^r tt.

It is clear to those u.ho arel lls ant
against lau's to arnelioralel ltt'ant
pa.st discrilnirralorv condi-| |lers sr

tions for nrinoriti6s. ilritl IriEht (

P,r,'sotn r'ffir.ial" ^1.- -,.r +^ I I lC,Reagan officials plan nol iol | (C,
give hear'1' penaliies to vio-l L. --lalors of cir,il righls lau's. I _
! J::::,^'"!,*,'J,tit J:.,5 *l; I R e
Rights Division'has filed five I rCu
civil lartsuits on d.iscrinLina-I
tro.n issues. irs againsl lT such ! esa
sr.rrls ln the ilrsl six nronllrs of I I serva
tlte Carter .4dnrinistration. 

-- Il.;;"-
- So far the Dir,ision unclerllb;;1h
i\lr. Feagan Iias f iled eight ob I I ai;i;i
ie.cttons under tlre Vol.ir.' lpartniights Act, -v-et 23 were f iler' . I Aiiiir;

-.-'*::r' 
I r.orts.the .same period under IrIr. li;;;i;Carter. lii;"-?i;And alLhouch the President l;'::..

has conrnritted himself to^the 
I ,,:,,jlecotromic suDrrort of Black, l""i'::

lcollegg;.. h.e' [ras. c.anceledi 
I efiXfl

I nrost of the demands in a prot-{ | ;;;;;lracted Justice Denartrnenr r ^- r --

ls,uit agains!.Norlti Carolina i, I f;i, f;",
I g?:lq i;gi:': g^l li-:?j'^uqs: ; I por ticPlaintiffs are r:allins it a 

-'to-l 
I l-il'ii

tal reversal." Since" 1g71. ef-i i"'H'j
fortJ travC uuun *'lht =t,g: 

lrf"i.me:'ge North Carolina's dual I r;;:i
s-r,s.tEm of Black and \Alhite1 lti[.#,t"l':S,iti 

the turnar.und of i lilg:t:Deellrt-tIle -turllar()unq Ol: I IepiSlaminoritv lesislative as srave.' ' ^:?:::.-
David S. taiet, former h"ead of , I'i'jJ-udYruo. l<lLtrlrlurrtrEt lttrduut I A ron
the Office for Civil njghtf gf I ;U;;the Departmgll! .oJ Heallh,l ;;;;
Education and Welfare in the I lill,,I
Carter Administration. .said I lffii
the "Administratjon is doing a I ;.;;:
serious threat to desegrega;r ;' ,.I
tion." But he also noted thal,lgruq
manl'state and Iocal officials :sard.
and courts take their respon.i
sibilities more serious andl
,nray off set some of the I
,Reagan onslaught. IIt is the opinion of some Ipolitical experts thal" the I

seemingly confused picture I

that is being presented around I

nrinority issues maf indeed be I

a smokescreen. I

,' Jesse Jackson. president of I

lPeople tlnited to Save I{q-l
J t*ilt: t"ulH I lyflryarry !t1tl
'isinrplj' says "lt hin't the bus. I

I it'. ird." I

I "Busing is absolutelv a code I'l 
rvord for-desegreeation. The I

I forces that have )ristoricalll' I

Ibeen in cltarge of segregalion 
I

- er--- \q--

Iispel tlre notion ilral he-
Elack, .r,et he does not
o aiiena.te his suppor-
rn(, ol t\ttom are to the
his political jdeolost.
linugd_on page J)

gan
tinued fronr page ll
ornp,romise to lhe con-
ves. thclre has been
iscussion of allou'ing
rn states to earn
it,ns from Justice De-
nt supen'ision by re-
l.heir civil riglrts re-
nolhcr nltnerative is

front ECit Otircf
Poge Fo3o Foge

JACKS0t,t, ltlssIssrPPI
I.1i,qSISSIPPI
EIi'IEP,PR ISE

UEEKLY--10.000
' j 'r-r

a( r.:irtt'l [rt, ovt'rlr-rr,l,t,rl.
rcarlirrg lhe Soutlrt,r rr

iiin. i\ir. Iieagirn uould

rd tlre act for less than
1'czrrs rrhiclt sul)por-
tlte bill u'ould be

'onciiialor.l, gesture to
some o[ I\{r. Reagan's

tive advisors. such
Nofziger. are less
and believe that for

i.).0,/1. 0
I t --- *,..;i ;'-to.Cl:(:, .J:;C.

\. . l:r;t:icTot,,:, D.c. ?3)O5

I expedienc),the vot-
should be kept in tact.
rany have alreadyrany nave already
he success of the vot-
I should not deter
from diligently fight-
the various earned

on that has uplifted so
the disenfranchised.
k like the one made

r b1'David G. Gergen,
IMr. Reagan's aides.

sentiVity to racial is-
Id give minorities a

a
he



Sfrn.;'Now'22, l98l

'.m e{E g{Eva,' s Stoyg,ce

#ra,ffiigfrofrs Acil
Elr asA) s eri.tici,srve,

By Gerald M. Boyd
Post{ispatch Washington Bureau

THE
WASHINGTON

}I EAG AN
administration finds itself in a
potentially damaging political
situation because of its position
on e$ension of the *UglJgg.
Rights Act.

-ffiiEflDepartment 
off icials

view the situalion as ironic
because, they S&y, the
administration's position is
stronger than the one many civil
rights groups wanted the
administration to take.

A variety of groups, ranging
from the American Civil Liberties
Uaion to the NAACP. counters that

the administration of attempting to
weakm the act, but others are
threatening political reprisals
against the GOP because ol, Reagan's stance.

, The flap developed after Reagan
- announced his long-awaited position
iln the Voting Rights Act. It will
expire next August unless Congless
votes to continue it.

Reagan said two weeks ago that
he supports extension, but that he
would accept modifications to make
the 1965 law laircr and more
equitable.

ESSENIIALLY, two changes
that Reagan would support have
civil rights and minority groups
alarmed. One would allow stat$ to
escape coverage of the act more
easily. The other would require that
before the Justice Department could
block any election changes, it must
show that a community had
intended to discriminate.

"A careful assessment ol what
the president has done is to give a
ringing endorsement to voting
rights," says Kenneth Starr, an
assistant to Attorney General
William French Smith.

But seeing the position
differently, Benjamin L. Hooks,
executive director ol the NAACP,
says:

"The NAACP is disturbed that
the president, in his decision to
support the extension ol the Voting
Rightp Act, attaches crippling
ameridments. which would

used, said that the House bill had
simply gone too far and that civil
righs groups were not giving the.
FLeagan administration enough
credit for its support of the'
legislation.

The official said that early in the
year, it became clear to career
attorneys in the department's civil
Rights Division that adequate
justification existed for extending
&e act. By the spring, the attorneys
had relaydd that view to the
leadership at the Justice.
'Department. But nearly all the-
attorneys believed that some Pr-F:
clearairce reporting requirements
could be removed and that.
conditions failed to warrant an
extension of pre-clearance provision
beyond three-to-five years, he said.

President Reagan instructed
Attorney General Smith to.
undertake a major review oI the act.
Over the next few months that stutly
tncluded several meetings with civil
rights groups, correspondence urith' '

all 50 siate attomeys general and i
detailed reriew of the law by '
attorneys in the Civil Rights -

Division, the olficial said.
By the time the report went to'

Reagan in November, it retlected
some of the views ol civil rights
groups as well as officials within the
Justice Department. On the one
hand, for example, it.supported the
lGyear extension of the pie-. .

clearance requirement, which was . -

the timespan sought by civil rights- .

groups, but opposed by attorneys.in .

the Civil Righa Division.
But at the same time, it reflected ...

two concerns the attoraey general .

had.
On one front, the official said,

Smith believed that the House had
hastily added the provision dealing
with the intent issue. He believed
that the civil rights groups had not
made a case lor it, and that such -
language was absent trom other
civil righs legislation. :,

Similarly, he believed that the
bailout provision in the House bill .. -

had gone considerably further than .'_,

trrhat had been suggested to him by
civil righs grcups, the official said.
That provision would require . a
community to meet a set of at least .

five dilferent tests before lt could
escape the ai .



{)rn o o -,Q il" {!;7o n, o, 3n*
- 

v,/asl'lllrc70N. O.C. 20co5 .,
Front ECit Olher tLPoge Pogo Pogo &'i

l.;AS'JINGTON, D.C.
POST

MORNTNG - 584,500
sUNDAY - 820,452

17 tsSrDEC
'i.. -t* Thurtdar, Decenher 17. l98l

iBipar.tisan Semate Group Backs

lf,x.teCsron sf %timgsights Act
J-;a -

By lvlary Thorntbn I I In announcing that ihe bill was hing inho-w.shhslonPosrsratlwrlter duced in the Senate, Kennedy said the iight to' :"'''A group of 6l U.S. senabors, inclu,ling eight ;.t"ir;lf,ero.tbasicandfunda:aentalofalloru
',rRepublica,r committee chairmen and a number of rights and all otu liberties. We harre come a lorry
rsbuthern Democrals, defied President Reagan yes- way since '1965. Bui I am concerned ebout the
:lierday and introduced a slrengthened extension of need for further progress.

,:-the_1965 Voting Rights Ac! parts of which are to "Even now the impressire rise in [voter] regis-i expire in August. tration is threatened in some statxi by-higlily
i ;,r. .Last month Reagan said he would prefer a questionable re-registration techniquee. Their os-

;straisht extension.o.f.the the original larv, possibly tensible pgfose.is !o purge- old remrds, but their
- a provision for bilingual voting rights and a timing and methods are clearly discriminatory,'
" "bailout" mechanism to give jurisdictions covered he said.
"a{

r hation an easier way to be relieved aftrr u period enough other senaiors heve said they wrll votc foi
. of good b-ehavior. ( the legislation to break any possible frlibuster by
i,:,.,Instead, the group led by Edward M. Hennedy opponents. :

-IP-ltt"p.) and Charles lv1cC. Mathias (R-lvld.) There are 21 Republican cGsponsors, induding
J.decided to co-sponsor q bill identical to one Ted Stevens of Alaskq the a-qsistant majority
: p.assed 389 to 24 by the House in October. leader; Budget Committee Chairm& Pete V: Dd-
..... Both the Kennedy-lVlathias measure and the menici of Ney Mexico; Appropriatiors Cornmittee

House bill extend antidiscrimination laws at the Chairman Mark O. Hatfield and Co--erce Com-
-polls indefinitely but provide a bailout provision mittee Chairman Bob Paclrurood, both of Oregon,

,:-_g4C extend the requirement for bilingral,election and lVilliam V. Roth Jr. of Delawarg chairman of
={nAterials ald voting a-qsisiane to 199r. :. the Government Operations Comrrittee :

.i*.":'In addition, they amend the section applying to There also are a number of southera Demo-
l: ddet voting discrimination cases to provide that crats, including Dale Bumpers of fukansas, Jirn

'i riere existence of discrimination constitutes a vi- Sasser of Tennessee, E\nest F. HoUings of South
i-'olation of the law. . Carolina, Lloyd Bentsen of Teras and J. Bennett;i Ivfembers of Congress say this is necessary to . Johnston and Russell B. Long of Louisiana
.i correct recent "misinterpreiatioqs" by federal The issue is scheduled to come before the Sen-
.j courts rvhich have held ii is necessary- to prove i ate Judiciary Committee in January..j courts rvhich have held it is necessary to prove i ate Judiciary Committee in January.
; that officials "intended" to discriminate. This ob- ll.,-:.*--
! viously is difficult when those who drew up the 'l-

; election lines or rules are dead. I

', ] .Reagan.has.made it clear he would like to stay 
I

rvith the showing of intent.,-



//I
{)r"0, S*" {!iv"*"n, -9n".

\1"is!r:NGTQN, D.C. 2OOO5

Fro;':t Edil / Other
Pega Pogd Pcge

ST. LOUrS, tr{I333Ui1I
POST-DI S?ATCH--0EC 23 lg8l,
EVENINS - 252;198
strrDAY -- 433,3L7

Cormmitrment To Yoting Rights
tYhen President Reagan let it be known

last rrronth that he would not support an
, extension of the l9E5 votingrBig!1!.s Aqlin tbe
'- form already overrrhelmingly apprfved by

t}te House, the prospect for acceptance of t}te
Horse bill by the Republican<ontrolled
Senate seemed dim. llow; however, civil

have obtained commitments from 6l
senators to'support the House version -which means enough senatons to shut off a
filibuster by opponents of the bill.

Final passage of legislation patteraed
after the I{ouse bill is important because the
House rreasure is strolger in at least oae
significant respect tban the existing law. Tbe
House bill would require people who file
voter rights suiB to show only that
lcomplained+f laws or practices had a
ldiscriminatory "etfect," whereas existiDg
'law requires the mote difficult showing of
discrimilatory "intent." At a time when
discriminatory practiies against miaority

-. . -r.r---i..-s-----.i.i-.-..,i...-,:-;,-.-

group voters are much more subtle than thsy
used to be, President Reagan supports the
"intent" standard. }Ir. Reagan alsp supports
a socalled "bailout" provision that would -
allow states and political suHivisisns to free
themselves more easily from coverage by
the federal law. i

identical with the one passed by the Eor:s6
are 2l Republicans, including Sens. Danforth
of Missouri and Percy of lllinois, atd 40
Democrats. If these commiiments hold,
Congress could complete action sD the
legislatioa early next year, which is vitd
because the House version and its bi.oartisaa
companion biil in the Senate provide for
indefinite extension of key enforcemeat
features that expire Dext August. What
happens next year wilt be cnrcially affected
by Majority Leader Howard Baker, who is
the president's legislative point man in the



Fronl Edit Otho?

DAl,l,AS, TE:i,1S
TIli[.] IiERA!.'D

EVENTNG - 24I,208
sr.ritnAY -- )32,463r. :'

.,Al,l ? 1 lg82

Sc.u. .[il!^,ard Iicnnedy, D-l\{ass.,
a sponsor of a bill to extcnd thc act
for l0 ycrrrs, sairl the aclministra-
tionh action was sinrilar to its rcrcnt
shift of position on tax crr:tlils for
privatc schrpls thrr t disc.riminirte.

"As wittr thc trt\ cxcmpt.ion, the
twist and turns lire Prcsident has
Lrkcn on vr)ting rillhts ovcr thc past
year suggr.st a dcstrrcrate search ...
{or a way lo wcak('n the act without

Rea
By ANN McDANIEL
Washingtr)n Burcau

\,lfASlItNGTON - Ar thc rc-
quc'st of tlrt Rr:n11an administration,
a Stn,:rlr (.omnriilcc tras prostprcncd
Ior thr. st.crrnd linre its hcarirrlgs on
1n -lllitcnlon o[ thc l96i v(rting

. Itiglit-s r\ct - a n.rove lilx:ral scn:i
tors.and.civil rights lcaders chargecl
Wcdncsday was lurther cvidence-of
the administration's dcsirc to roll
back manv of thc gains made by mi-
trorities in r.ecent r!rcades.

tor

{;tl*.i.a.--;.-;fi;'"
a+-:{:;'I(

TIM tis I I Ult.!LD.'lhursdly, Jlnuary Z I, l$it j ' r\-9

Ean wlns delay
:lppoul'tng to.do so," Kcnncdy said.

Sourccs said thc administration
rcqucstccl thc onc-wcck dclay in tlrc
start o[ thc hcarings lrctorc a sub-
crornnrittcc of thc Scnote Judiciary
Curnnrittcr: to allow tinre for thl
Wlritc Ilousc :rnd conscryativc scna-
tors to dcvclop legislation that rc-
{lcrts thc Prcsldcnt's position on rc-
ncwal o[ thc act.

- In Novcmber, Reagan endorsed' the lO-ycar extension df thc act, but
said in order to provc that a state or
local jurisdiction violatcd thc act,
thc govcrnment shoulcl be rcquircd
to shorv not only that minoritics
wcro cxcludcd fronr public o(ficc or
thc victims of discriminatory voting
practices. but also that thc-officiali
respnnsiblc for tlrc local laws in-
tcnckd to discrinrinate.

By a vote o( 3Bg to 24, ttre llouse
o.[ Ilcprcscntatives adoptecl lcgisla_
tion lasr ycar that would extenl ttrc
rct without the so-callcd ,,intenls

tcst'
lrcr,
wou
tho l

lavorcrl by Rcagan. In Dcccm-
6l scnators annouuccrl they

n rights hearing
Scn. Orrin llatch o[ Utah, were
again delaycd.

- Sources said prcsiclcnt lleagan
did not want thc Scnatc ro bc'gin
consideration of thc bill until at-tcr
Irc dclivcrs. thc SLrtc of the Union
addrcss Tucx.lay night.

"We're tircd of all these dec.lara-
tions of codrmitment. Every action
has been designed to roll tlre clock
back and back and back," said Ben-
jamin l{ooks, exccutive director of
tlre National Association fdr thc Ad-
vanccment of Colorcd people.

Md.
said
that
bcc

c\o-sfronsor a bill irlentical to
islation passcd by the House.
Charles McC. Mathias, R-

a sponsor of the Senatc bill,
thc dclay cndangers chances

to rcncw tlrc act will
bcforc the law cxpires on

day here, a day there, a wcek
a week more, and we begin to
rcss the timc the Senata has.to

this complex lssuc,,' Math-
tas id.

from

Latc

for

l_hearings were firsl. changcd
.Ian. 13 to Jan. 20 bccausJof

_ Tony Bonilla, prcsiclent of the
'League of Unitcd Lrtin American
Citizcns, addcd,,,This las!rninutc,
_dcclllon oncc again makcs it rnorc
difficult for us in thc Hispanic com-

ling problcms, said a stafler
subcommittce on the Consti-
which will hold tlrc. sessions.

I'uesday, at thc rcquost of At-y Gcncral Williarn Frcnch

munity not to vicw the
motives as bc,ing racist. Whilc thc

, vcrdict is still out, the arlnlinistra,thc hearings, which will bc
by conservative Republican

tion's-.actions make it very dilficult
to bclieve otherwise."



\
b

3.:,-? :.1(E CITY,I-I?A:{
?:D. I ?'-' :: 5

- 109,491
177 ,L7 6

JAN z 5 1982

)

' Tnbure reported that the Reagan

"a*itittt"tion 
had requested a dela-v-

in Senate Judiciary Committee hear-
ing on a bill to extend the Voting
ni?tits Act. The White House said it
needed more time to develop its ow-n

proposal for extencling the 1965 legis-
iation.

br' 61 members. ineluding eight
Republjcan cotnnlittee chairmen and

several Southern Dernocrats- And the
Reagan administration, which has
trcen in office a year, had indicated i'ts

approval. But the day befo.re Senate
.luhiciary Committee hearings u-ere

to have begrrn last Wedne-"dal'. the
\l'hite House said it needed more tir:le
to coure up with its own proposals'

Adnrirrist ralion D,-rlays Co tilcl Itill
; Vital Votin Erehts Safegtrard
L-

" A small stery in Thursda;"'s

That is a strange way of Promoiing

Time, you see, rs ot tEe essence as

far as the Voting Rights Act extension
is concerned. Crucial "Pre'

An identical bill has been intro-
rluced in the Senate w'ith sponsorship

clearance" Provisions of the law
e.xPire in August unless Congless
decides othen*ise before then'

The 1965 legislation opened voting
and office holding to millisn5 of
blacks in the South. It requires that
nine southern states and portions of 13

others obtain Justice DeParfment
approval for anYi s1..t'i-oo- l?*
ctanges. It is this critical stipulalion
that -will expire in August unless-'
Congress acts-. t

On Oct. 5, the House, bY a 389 to 2{
tnargin'passed an extension bill that
o'orld make sections emboYding the
pre-clearanee procedure permanent
in 1tr8-1. It also included provisiuns to

1x:rmit jurisd.ictions to "bail ou!"
itortt couorage if they nret eertain
conditions

In light of other controversies
aEeaoy expectetl uu LarrE uy rrrv!-L v^

Congress' working time betr+'een no\r'

,oAlrgutt, the ll'hite House delal ' if
iUo*"a-to continue even a few r+'eeks,

could ef fectivelY kitl the Pre-
clearance provision extension' That,
critics charge. is precisely the l*'al'
pou'erful Southern senators planned

it and the Reagan "advocates" o[ the
VotinB Rights Act are either falling
into t[e trip or willingly going along'

In either case the footdragging
reflects 6dversely on a president rvho

does'not need another civil rights
blunder on his bands. If President
Reagan supports extension of the act'
he :.ioultl get UetrinA the House and

Settate billl and stop muddf ing tlte
u'aters. A less forthright approach
u'ill be seen, perhaps correetl;'-as
confirmation oi existing charges that
rlti; adnrinistration is overll' soit on

rrrc,tecting civil rights millions 't[
inrericans won less than 20 ]'ears
ago.



aet SnteflLgence,
v/AsHr:\,GToN 

" " """"*tt,lni, Edir other
,o Poge : Poge

:ci:,:ii,tD, vlti iiiIA
rr,rES-pilfrr^r2* 

tg8?,

oRNTNG- '-- 135,r50
truDAY -- 211 792
'-- ..J---."1 t' --' ' 'i--+*-.-\-i':a .: :;*.): .*|: -.,--.:.... ' .-,tt:'l'::'::::a::..:
A-2 R;"t -bnit Times-DiGict, Tues.lllaiih 2; 1982

wdge

Rights Act.
\-..-r' 'A civil rights group represintafiiE' ''memberiare linirig up in favor of the'i

But Hatch drew strong support later conceded yeslerday that Hatch co-ntr6ts .-Hous'e bill,Hatch seems to hope he can ;
from the associate attorney general for the Senate Constitution subcommittee' .:...force the .Judiciary Committee into a i
civil rights, William Bradf6rJ'Reynolds, and that it probably will report out i- biII.-- 

--'comprgmiqe-:!y 
having his subcommit--:i

and while Hatch seemed willing-.16 qx- much more to his liking than is tbe'bill'','jtee put his-bill before-the committee. ;
tend the provisions, he vowed to prevent 

. House members overwhelmingly-;ap I:' .However, Hatch appareotly'is not go- :^

chaneestoSection2-Itoutlawsdiserimi-. nroved las! vear.. "..,..: '-.-'.ihstotry'tofilibuStertheissueorslowit. jchanges to Section 2. It outlaws discrimi- .. proved last year.

---

J

dor.rn. lVhile he didn't 'say yeiteraay
when the subcornmittee would vote on a
bill. he indicated he wanted to do it
before i\Iarch 19. . .,

' Sections 2 and 5 are the most contro-
versial and most significant sections of
the Vbting Rights Act. Section i contains
the so-called "pre-clearance" provision
that requires that all voting Iaw changes'
in covered states and localities be ip-
proved by the Justice Department bL-
fore they take effect. The House bill
extends that, but for the first time in-
cludes a method by which jurisdictions
could work out of ihe provision.

Section 2 was inrerpieted by the Su-
preme Court two .vears ago as requiring
that people chaltenging i voter dualinl

t. . ..=.f - --------. -- i -.: " -.: .'l
icriion test on the ground of discrimina- changing Section / as placing "in doubt I
,tion prove that its authors intended for it the validity of any election system under -i'toi discriminate. Civil rights groups, which candidates backed by the minor- i
working with House members, rewrote ity community were not elected in num-
Section 2 last year to provide that people bers equal to the group's proportion oI
would have to prove only that a voter the total population."
qualification test had the effecbof dis- - ', !

Jri*i"iiir!. 
-.- - -- ----i ----:- 

The three btack House members -
_''.'Revnolds. who as assistant ittornev jReps. John Conyers. Jr., D-Mich., and
geneial supeivises enforceme,it of S""'- Harold Washington, DIII., and l4ralter

- 
iion S, reiterated yesterday ttre admlnii. Fauntroy oI the District of Columbia -
tration's position, *;l;h p;;;ii;l; argued.yesterday the Section 2 change is
Hatch's. ThLy would p."i", a r'i.pi. 

"i- 
essntial' "In fact," said Washington, "it is

tension of Section'd ,i.itf, no ,'".,.nJ- patently obviug to the average, fair-
ments, but would accept an 

"r"op" 
pio- -minded American that there is

vision. something.inherently unfair about re-
quiring citizens to prove the subjectiveLrtl&s.tJ !u Pr uvg ttrg DuuJ*lrrc

However, the administration regards intent of political officials." , - 
E j

-- 

!tl'

{u,it to h

appa
- movernEnt toward ,;;;il;; ;;J ;;: ll9:"I_:l'_'1,i1_?"tnj:E Pd ."!:'lg"_9 mer.
l""airi-r,"y p."rii"rt'Li'ihejIrfft ' fiom Xl:" t!11.b-egan the hearingq

more than a month ago.
trulEs . A civil rights group representative
:-1:"." :'.said that Senate .Judiciary Committee

A civil rights g
ry Committee j

to



tiirn 'l-

1$ffi Ge
Veetnxng Acfi

4U;liivILLit, I{. C .
C ITI Z.TN

M0RNIl,lc - 50, jZL
CITIZSN-TiI:ES
surJDAY __ 70,6gg

About 150 people in ile Sat-
urrluy a[tendcd a mecling lo suP
por! {or an cxtcnsion of
Rights Act of 1065.

Voting

'l'he mcc[ing was by thc
lllh DisLrict ConpSessional
IJlack [.ca<letship Caucus,

I'ctitions supporting tltc
rvere circulal.ed, anrl thc

xtcusion

Willics, Asheville ci[y counci
II.C.
and

a nrcmber of the caucus oI direc-
lhcy are
.S. scna-

!ors, sald thc petitions, once
signed. rvitl be delivercd to
tors Jcsse Ilclnrs and Jrlhn

IIelrn.s. and 0ast havc tlrey
rvould oppos;c lhc cxtcn.s as ap-

atlves.
"Wc )tope l.o glct 10,000 narncs,"

Will<es said. "lVe rvanl to do it as
quiciily ai possiblc, becausc we want

A llill propor';ilrg lhc extension n[ ,

thc Voting Ri{thtr; Act passed in [he,,
Ilousc by a 3lJC-24 nrar.gin on OcL 5 nnd
has l.hc support of &l mcmbers in the
Senate. But Prcsident Rcagan and Sen.
Stronr 'l'hurrnonil, R-S.C., chairman o[
thc Scnatc .Iurliciary Cornnrittec, are

i opposcrl to Llrc Itousc vcrsion of an ex-

I tcnslon, and thc nleasurc has been
I stalle(l ilr'l'lrurrnond's cornrnittce.

i 1'u,.,, Gih:rorc, fr)t'$Cr secrcl.ary of
hrrrnan rLr,sourccs for North Carolina,
adctres.;ccl the group Saturday and
spolie iu sqrport of retairrin[ cun'cut
trvo-yr:rr lelt'ls for lcgislators ralhcr
tlmn going [0 foul'-]cm Lerrns.

. State Reps. Marie Colton of Ashs-
ville and Goldon Grcenrvood of Black
l\{ounlain al.tended the mecting.

The caucus wili mect ncrt at 6

Ii.m.'on Salurdly, I\Iarch 20, at Rrorvn
'Icmplc Cltiii Churclt lo collccl licli-

etr T.c Hkac$c

District

provcd by the tl.S. llotise of
Y .Elrf$qrF'*'

On Fritlay, April 30, it \i,iI hr)!d a
,.r-.r i^t..in,r r^- t.\^^t ^^titi,,i^n^ nt ,r



i r r t -9 *i' ! ! i g o o' 1 -!; 1 "
r"i""t'-"tgx;o'"s.9

r,a:l OlharIroni
Pooo Poflo Fogo

sAll JOSE, cALlr '

I.lER CU RY -NE'\1S

I;iinAi -- 2>4 '4e'r
l\iii,r" i 2lgg?

^n-..^r^.-..^.-^.--\, 
.-

ftr'n i

i 8t' Friday, Ir,.\r :

rT-
i m*gan,

t-..r..,1

++-
hlack

!t rsc lvlercury

ders di

San Jr

leaIe
By Charlic Grcen
Washington Burcau

WASIIINGTON - Black officials said
. Thursrlay that Presidenf-Iteagan vowcd to
91S1 a-nV extension of the Votiig Rights Act
that clea:s Congress, evcn thoufh he- contin-
ues to object to parts of thc Eousc.passed
measurc.

"IIe seid hc rvorrld sign rrhatever was sent
ovcr," said }.Iayor Itrchard G. Hatcher of

agan still has problcms
n thc llousc-passcd bill
rg civil-rights lawsuits to

prove only that a. voling law results in dis-
crimination, not that Ure bias is int;ti;nal-
. Speakes said no decislon has bcnn made

ahout whether Reagarl rvoutr't veto it i'l'f"*.
bill if it clcars the-Senatc.

.- Tt.u administration has angcrcrl civ-
il-rights.groups vith its stand on"tf,o \,oiinn
ruEns.Act cxtension, legislation that mani .
q q.orl ty grou ps 

"on.lt.,rir, " 
r.i*t j* iJf ii I

crvu-rrghts issue beforc Congre;s. I

Gary, Ind., after
and 16 black

Rut White

$

f

ree cxl vo[ing rights rneetiirg
eeting betrveen Reapan
officials.

krry Spcakes sa
_deputy press sccrctary
Iater that the black ot(i-

that impre;sion,"
Speakcs said I

with a provision
allowing people fi

cials had misinter Ileagan's remarlis.
"Clcarly, hc not nrean to give them

peakcs said.



!Jr::t Jlteltipnco, Jnc.

j1S" Po!. pcss

.A.LICLISTA, UAT1.iE
K5I,INEB5C JOURNAL

-1:0P.lirNc - 19,327

HAR 2T 1es2

a
a

Votins R

larvmakers seem determined to
emasculate the law in the process.

The. passage of the larv iZ yiais
rgo helped to end a shameful
chapter in American history. Until
the f ederal government-took
rctioh, black citize;rs and other
rninority groups were brazenly
robbed of their voting rights,
:specially' in the South,- Uy jiws
which kept them from.the iolls. :

A bill providing for thi extension
of the Voting Rights Act was
approved last October in the U.S. '

House. It would preserve the
authority of federal courts to strike
dorvn local and state election laws

. 
which are ciiscriminatory.

lVhen the bill was forivarded to
lhe Senate. however,' it gained a
:ompanion measure rvhich would:
lestroy its effectiveness. i

Ttre-adm inistration, supported byr coalrtion headed b.y Sen. Strom
Ihurnrond, R-S.C., rvants to water

awn
down the Iaw by stipulating that the
plaintiff in voting rights Iitigation
mus[ irrove that the intent of an
election law is to discriminate.

That's a significant difference.
The House version properly focuses
on the effect of a ific law: if

rv unfairly bars members of any
minority group from exercising
their right to vote,'a federal court
has the authority io overturn it.

The Reagan-backed' provision
which requirei that an intent to
discriminate be Iegally established
would set up a barrier to civil
rights that is nearly impossible to

. The administration's_ drvindling
support among black Americans is
well known: many Republicans
have rvorried aloud about thetrend.
This example of seurrilous politics
is not going to improve the
situation. The change promoted b_v

the lVhite House rvould be an
abandonment of the Anrerican
principle of equal justice and equal
rights. It ought to be discarded.

surmount; intent is extremely
. difficult to..prove in such cases.
: . The bill remains botiled up in1he
Senate's Judiciary Committee,

. which is treiaea by Thurmond,
- although the panel wrapped up its
formal hearings }Iarch l.



!)-rro *9 *:, {l:. 
",= 

r.,. J!,.r.
rjiasllii,6To:1. D a. --::::

Frcnl
Pcgo

Edit C ih:i
Faga P:;;r

BALTI:i0riE'
SUN
I,iORNING -
EVENING -
SUI'lDLY

ti,1l 2 5

t Er .-^-
!lOfi3r

LIL2L':,J

35),ti?

i983

Ilv F'red l]arnes
Vvjshington Btrre6u of The Sun
. 1:/ashington-Ifith RePublians

uniting in opposltion, a Senate.Ju-
diciary subcornrnittee yesterday
took the advice of the Reagan ad-
ministratlon and voted down a
House-passed bill that would extend

this bill as the subcommittee, fol-
lowing nine daYs of hearings, dis-
nosed-of the issue rvith extraordi-
irary brevity. The debate and voting
took 30 minutes.

The senator concentrated his fire
on what has become tIe most cbn-
troversial aspect of the voting rights

and toughen the Voting !igil$ A.gt. debate, the provision in the House
hill that would outlarv anv election

on the conslitution decided instead
benial or abriCgement of the right to

to approve a simple extension of the
vote."

1965 act for 10 years. But this victo-
ry for the president may be short-
lived.

, The more srveeping n:easure that
passed the l{ouse by 389-24 last Oc-
tober has been endorsed by 65 sena-
tors, including 9 of the 18 members
of the full Judiciary Comrnittee,
rryhich will take up the voting rights
issue later this spring.

Senator Orrin Hatch (R, Utah);
ttre subcommittee chairman, Yoted
in favor of simple extension, but he
stopped short of predicting that the
committee or the full Senate would
follow suit. Just because 65 senators
have advocai,ed the tougher bill, he
said, "doesn't mean they aren't
going to listen to arguments for a
simple extension-"

A lobbyist for the House-aP-
proved bill, Ralph Neas, of the
Leadership Conference on Civil
Rights, said the subcommittee vote
was "disappointing bul not unex-
pected." I'he five-member panel, he
iaid, "is our rileakest possible forum
in the Senate.
.. l,Ir. Neas suggested ihat two

senators who have Yet to declare a
position on the Voting Rights Aet-
i{orvell IIeflin (D, Ala.) and Rohert
Dole (R, Kan.)-might be persuaded
to join the nine others on ttre Jutlici-
ary Committee and vote to aPprrjve
the tougher bill, proiltrcing :r solid
committee rnajority in far;or of it..

Itlr I{atnh l.'rl the onnniifinn !o

The "resulls" test would frce
civil rights lawyers from the ardu-
'ous task .of proving diserirninatory
"intent" on the parfof local olficials
who adopt election Procedurcs. Ii
rvould, in-effert, overturn a 1979 de-
cision of the SuPreme Court which
said l'intent" trad to be dereonstrat-
ed.

This decision made it difiicult for
lawyers attacking at-large eleciions
in tle South in which blacks, though
a sizable minority, cannot elect any
blacks to government offices. But
by substitu[ing "resuits," Mr. [Iatch
insisted, "proportional represe:tta'
tion by race" would be required.

Such a requirement, he said,
would "utterly redefine the rrotlons
of civil rights and discrirnination"
and aftect "hundreds, perhaps thou'
sands, of commrmities across the
nation."

In olace of a "color-hlind scci'
ety" dhere racial discrinliratlon is
banned, "we rvill be moving toward
a totally color-conscious societ-v,"
}[r. Ilatch said. Offices rcill be filled
on the basis of the racial mlke-up of
a jurisdiction, he indicated.

Moreover, annexatiotts will be
blocked because they might dilute
the voting porver of a ntinorilY
group, tht st'nlt<,r said. And "reap-
portivnment. rvill involve treitrett-
tlous t:onflict-s prin:arily over racc,"
hc ;rdriod



ironi
Pago

{),,u -9n t [!: r,,,.,, 3n r.
t:ras-trlcros. D.c. icc35-

Olirsr
Poge

!!1p.Mi, FLoirDA
NET/S

EV.EUItic - 66,7L4
'tliR 

2 9 tgsz

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Po

', :. ) :1,, .. ' -:}]..

,i i rhere'is n:tTg rrrnrroTiI"t-Lago*tifre r.*-rr;;e -,,:.1 action u-",_oe yle^u-d_ !y ihi. R;#i administration and.a .: :;.

.j, : . 
- " iilt &'"p,i:"i1,:,1'l;r:,.$'it-ffi ffi';;;;, )r,,, .::' 4 Senate Judiciary suUcbmmittee lpproreA 3-2 an ext6nsion

,="tJJlsJ3x;i,il",ltxittirili'l#:irfl 
Ti:,}+,,,tiy,.

: . That, oi co.ulsg is a" ouicome aevoutty to be wished.. ; 1ne voli1s iughts o.r, o"r.ulHjffi.;:Y#X'"I3f,1lo^ : successfur-in p'reventing stares *rrn'nlf"H"o.Tl 
n,tn,r- 

.'- : discrimination at. ttre po-[s iiol-.ontinuing that: ' discrimiaation'or rro,i diiutili'riinorirv voting strength'j 
l[::gl*Oistricting or ott er"_"n"uvers. The act affecrs :.. -
nrne states, most of them in the South, ana part" of-i;." . 

I

/ Keep strict voring rights bill

,9:l_r*i":,p the srrengthened act atso has invotv.ed

Ij::ill.:ldent Reagan was reported against any extension of
l?3,?,li;*'i,*eir:.:::.*liyl:1.*strengtheningpro vis i on s. Th en A ttorney G e nerar rn,-r,r,L ii;?:';'i ;?, hconvinced the president t-o switcrr ag;il'- this time in favorof the diluted extension-

; j The main difference between the t*o versions of the :: - bilt is a signific3nt one, cru.i"tio Liforcement of the act. ,'' ' Reagan and riqht-wi"i i"""i*r rrl,u as Repubricans strom',' Thurmond andorrin riut"r,-r,ioirili"qui.u the person br . . :_.group m-aking a complaint of votin! aisc.iminaii;;-:."^: responsibre for proving sucn aiicriiination was intentionar.' Intent, of coursi,t; .1lr"*.iy littrcurt t" pirr",;;;:;kirg 
.' ::.t*:ffiiilnY,:'optaceaiiianci;i;ilJ;;;dh:"pd; t

; : ;^ ^^IllHouse 
version of ili extelsi-on, on the other hand,: : ls concerned mainly with the effect of state oi c;;;;maneuvers on voting patterns; r a state-palJ., 

""iu#ilr^t 
,: " discriminates agains-t 

" 
_irrriiv, that discrimination itself

',:CertainIytheHouseuitt,*t,i.t,passed389-24,is
essential if minority voters 

"r. to continue to make gains. ,But the vote itsetf was inaicat;;;i;h. ;;&;;ffi lippo.t _ 
,. for the act. Moreov.r, 

" 
OS-*"_ier, bi-partisan coalition in. ,

. the Senate is supporting a bill ,i*it". to the House,s _ one
. Certainty the strength"n.a ueriio" ,r tfru ".i;;-., 

-_ .

necessary.'p1119g;i il;;;;;;;"ugh opposed to it. doesnot seem anxious to mouit a frontar"att"'.'n. i"iili'"ri""""i . .
l.l" strengthened version of it e Voting Rights Act ouitelikety wi, romp through th;S;;. ri it a.ii"irrt",;;;.

And in rhar c.ase, pressure on the pr..iJ*i-.lJ,iJ'u"
sufficient to c.onv.ince irim ttai ttL onty p.rO"ni."rir.-- . .- . -_wantld be to sign it. -.



prcu 3ar{trgrr"o,, 3r".
wASHtNGTON, o.c, 20005W,

N[iy Y0i1K, N.Y.
TIIvIES

IJ0RNINc - B41,8go
SUNDAY -1 ,403, O?.2

,{iPii g t$oe

E etters il,,,

Tardy and Groundless A. tta onVogrg$ights
TotheEdltor: When I sptxsored this v

Congresslonal hearlngs rather than- , legislatlon in the Hotrse I
votMilutlon cases dectded by U.S. ap
peals cuuts prlor to 1979, the detend.
ants prwalled ln more than halt -under a "rrsults" test. In 2l ol them,' :lhe concept ol proportlonal represen '

tationwas specilicallyrcpudlated. .i i,,,,.'.,
In short, under the "results'!.teist,, .':

' therc was no rash ol sults, no pn0por.. Uonal representatlon on racial llnes do.
cr$d. And language ol the Horse bill
specilically lnsures that absence ol
proportional representation by ttsell is

, not enargh evidence tor a vptsdilutlon
' .suittosutcsed. ' 

,,t " i;''' 
t was in on the blrth of the VoUng

.. Rlghts Act in 1905. I know - and legls-
,' 'latlve history shows - that Congress
. lntended lhat the law rcqulre the same

standard oI prmt tUmugnurt all sec.
, tlonsoftheact. j

. ,. In hls Moblle dissent, Justlce Whlte' wrote that the ruting "leaves the
couts belor adrlft on lncharted seas
'. . ." Tho House-passed legtslatlon

' wlll pcrmlt them to move to what l

Churchill once called "the llrm gruud

Congresslonal hearlngs rather than- , legislatlon in the House I:
newspapcrs are the more approprlote 1'. specllically called attentt
torum lor the leglslativc and executlvg .1.:, revlsloo in my introductory
branches to debate the law, but the Ad. i ;,; and I have done so many til'minlstratlon's bclated ossault tn ttro'..; ;, Iampuzzledastowhyit
**p"p.o on u,o Hourfr;;.i'vii. : : ioi ffi'earoiirii,iiioi'tii
ing Rights Act, after seven montls of i,: ttrls Beasurrr was such a d

measune wuld lorce raclal quotas on , . Up, Mr. Smlth,"' the ht
atJargeelectoralsystems. . 

- 
Marctr 29 cditorial on anr

Mr. Smith cornplalns about I sectlon lavolving me' ruld haveMr. Smith cornplalns sbout I sectlon ltrvolvug me' f,
ol rhe bill that stites ttrat platntllls ln pression of my fr
votedilution suits can'succc'ed ll thev untll Nov. 6 did

g rights
April, I
to Ulis

rnrkq 
-

silence ln the Congrcsst @npels me to I .Rcpublic. The }Iotse it,389 to
months: write. .' 2{, or Oct.5, 1981. Through s

. A rerent example of this attack was '. 'ol hearings and debate, the
Attorney General Witllam Fnonch tratlm refuscd to speak o
Smith's lt{arci'2? OpEd artlcle, ln leglslatton, politely rtject
which he agaln asserts that the llouse' peatal requests for its

my rc-
("Speak

ota
matter
apt ex.

since.
so long

that
to the

back ) Not
declare
ol the

I had

pGr
nlstra.

The
not bring

yotMilution suits can'succecd ll they untll Nov. 6 did the
prove thot actlms by state and local hls oppositlon to this secl
governments had rcsulted ln voting legislatlm-sevenmonths
discriminatlsr, rtgardless ol the jurts lntroduced my blll.
dictiur's lntent. That ls that the law ' .. . other votlng rlghts exp
was belore the t9B0 Supreme Court rul- . , suaslvely rebutted thewa15 DtilurE ulti liro{, JuPlEIllt l,uu I r ul' ' lw.vLrJ .eeurree H'e .

lng in Mobile v. Bolden suggested thot , tion's contcntlons on thls
specinc prml ol discrlmlnatory pur- Housepnsserl legislation w
pose was requlttd. He has called my : olt 8 rsSh ol votedilutlon sui
ievisim ol the law an "{rtterthous[t" .:. .raclal quotas a4d proportto
untl a "hastily devlsed smokescree[" ':.' sentatloo.
tor a drastlc ilange ln the tav. \t/hen ,' ' Bcfore Mobtle, prool ol
besayst}ls,hcmtsspeats.' .,,ir,,., l, tlon rcsted on pr4xlse or I

ol result and fact. "r (Rep.)PErEnW.RoDtNoJR. \ ':, (Rep.)PErERW.RoorNoJR. 1 :

Chalrman \
IloueCommltteeontheJudlciary t .

Y:*1:1'IY",',* J-I ..r .. . , i . ., I

or lorce



WASHtNGTON. O.C. 20005
Front - Edit ..... Olher
Poge .,' Poge.,:. Pogel

BosT0N, I,.tAss.
CI.IRISTIAN SCIENCE
}IONITOB

uoRIirNG - tT4rtg]r
APR 1 4 I9BZ

-.;1;"t -J :.----"** - . '

_^_^f^LT.td:at Reagan aad a handfut oiconsen,ative sena-

unreachable through larvjuih. -:'--' ..

"^-YTl,*.lp_.:ved..rhe.Voting 
Rights Acr in 1e6;, it rvas.

f,::S^:y'_,lqtion.tr,iiinilil;."t,;#ii.t'd"'.11;;'rH;

tors succeed in tieii schery.g l; r"d;i,".i,rur, in voring
lights.aqt cases to pror€ ,,intent,ito Oi'r".i_inate, the re--sults will be traeic f.i mioority a-.,it""ir, i key prgvision

: 9i^lhu. bitl passel by tne nouse-oi ilpr.i;i"u"". on oct. s,.1981, by the overwhetmingry uip.rti.I"loi"ir ssgz+ ivill beslru^ck.downueforeithas6;"-rf"Irr" ' t":; "- ,.-...- : ,:.- -
Section 2, which tvas Oesigned-in 1965 to"remedy votingdi_scriminab on patterns w heiever tf,.y 

-rr:gi,i 
exist, autho-, nzes the government or private individiraffi ask the federal

. courts to stop discrimina-tory practiie" -*"t"t * the-y occur inMississippi, Araska, cauroiria, or;i;;;;; in the uS. rfPresident Reagan is successtul in i*prii"Jii, wjll, scores ofblatantly : discriminatory 
.. Iarvs I u'na 

-'i.#.", 
rvill be

burden of proof on the

gho.wr, a violation cduto ue foun;.-Th;''
ingly restated this principfe in exieaaiig
Aet in 198I.

tory results were
House ovenyhelm-
the \roting'Rights

'Section 2 rvorked very well for the firsl 15 1,ears of the
Yotiog Rights Act. sujti,"";; ;;;;;lril.ai"tion.,,uhu."i' Iaws enacted manv vear.s ago had resulted in Utact citizensh1_ving litfle or ndct*nee of being elected to local or state.offices. These s_rfts *-lo, ";;t: ii,J.lqri."o a shouingthat an aggregate of factors *"i. p.uru'ni iri a particutar;u-' risdiction. t ... _:r - ..:

To make this showir:3. substantiar statisticar and othei
!ll9,qr.: proving the dG;rimirrrr.y;;;; of voting andelection'practices ano procboures ll, ttii*"1 jurisdiction
H^1*9,-r_1!imnortant_suib;are *or. *o the 1e6S in_

- : -,i .--a - ._-:- : 
---:::". : ::. .,'. . .!.,. :. -- j , - -.,.. ,,... 

ByShirleyHorn-

.:_:
_' .etection systgm in Moultrie. Ga-, u,here exclusion of blaikshas gone so fai that ,*j:l"."iilrl;yl;G;ted the rururingof elections to an all-$,hite social ctub. .:. .. . ... ; :., . - Sincathe Mobile decisign in aprii iS80 the Justice Depart-ment has not in*itated a singre dGi il;; section 2 or theVotingRightsAcf. ... : . r : - :,. . ..:. . ,;' , Ivlobile has made Section 2 rirtualty irretevant. OfA Lwsl')obviously designed to prevent tne ereciion ii-nrhrin.arpi^^ ^c

l00.yearsago, the.y enacteq , p*ti"ri"iiilin"r"" that re.. sulted in the effective disenfranchir"**t rflf,e cify,s blackcitizens.'.' :.

^,-IT.ig*j.R9aSg sd.em.ana mat the Housepar""O 
"*t"r-srou of the Voting Rights Act be cfrangeO in- the Senate torequire intent to discriminate must be-,resisted by all tair_.minded Americans. In creating tfr" v"ting ii"iir,t. a"t in t_o65Congress intended that

an.r rhrr rn ran'i* --^:f::?j:t 
effect'.results, rvas enough.and that to require nrocii of intent *""ill" 

"'r"".,?,iiJJS=rli:bte burden. withouf the Hors" ,"..lon-;; ilil 2. rhe voringRights extension will be.substantiaff-v rveiitel'tnm tt" tges
J"ru .T". Reagan amenament-worlta u" 

"'?j"rt step back-ward in America's commitment to. the etiminition of a hun_dred years of btatanr raciat discrim;;;;i;;'i; voring prac..tices. Thepresident must not t;;rf;;;;;n in,, on".

-te.lt-orcoG;"*,-.?ffi 6;#f#T,YH#i*qi,"1ff '*.Then in Aprit 1980 the US Sup.eme ii;; , pturalfty, nota majority, decision overmted'the lo*;";;urt decisions andsaid that insofar as the City of proUlie, aill*um concemed,Secrion 2 of the Voting. nigts a"l 
"orjii'rJCo" used to man-date single.member d'irr.ilt, un]a* in" .iti"irls,who wrotethe taw back in rerLha-d th; iil;;;;'ii!"'.iloin"tu against

l3:.F:.In" Cotrt speci.fi"Jry 
"Jaii,rtli"i"* nor enoush roprove the existence of.3n qlqreSut" oi fr"to.r, such as a.

F!"ry of segregarion, oiscriffin"?i* i" ."iiit.rtion and vo_tmg' disproportionatery row numbers of *iio.iti"s erecterl tooffice, racial bloc votirg, fact oi rerp-onJ""*r. by local offi-ciats to nrinorities, anI the ,r"k-;i;;;;.rL tn" politicalprocess. \
_ Tlq impact of the Irfobil6 d'ecision has been devastating.The US Justice Deoartment abandoned iG irit 

"g"inst 
SouthCarotina, 30 percent uracr<, tre soie;;;;;g shte in the *Deep South u.itrr an ail-whjte t#;t"ii;;;;y _ tne state 

.

senate. Indeed, a black tras not-ueen 
"i"Jt"J 

to the SouthCarolina state.senate in. thjs 
"unt,rry. 

it,"'ji.ti"" Depart-ment ctismissed. three addi rionat 
"riG: 

;; ;;iped fronr con-
: :0,". 

j?:,:: 
^"^,1_"r_poss 

i b I e s u i ts i n ciiie, * r,-".I"0 r r.k. c i r i zens

i:

- Don Edwatds, LrS representative from Catilornia, ii
:!X:y?,:,?!,the lguse iubcom m i t ti ii-Ci,it\ia con" ti_ I

h a ve for decades bedn oiscrim in a ae; ;;;; j 
"";ilX:11?:;process.



Front
Pogo

Olhor
Pogo

Edtr
Poge

'A Voting Rights Lett for Congress

NEIT Y0ilKr N..T.
TIMES

ti0RNINc _ B4I,Bgo
SUNDAY -I ,4O3 ,O7:T

APR 2 ? I9B2

; ..Thgyryr was 1909,. the pface I\iobile, Ali., the .:,,1,1

We houe olryays, os;mu know, fotsely pretend,ed
thlt o\r main-purpose r.r,6, to u.ciude ini'Giiili
vote when, infact,wiwere'tryl7tg to cxcludinottne :

' ignorunr vote,but rheNcgro vbtel. . . etpiseiii[; ,,
, 

ryqses of the colored race are tnd,iffdrent to the .t.

" rteW b voteand sriilmore indiffereniio tie Aintio,, h9l!,-offict. By adopting remedtat meosrres now we 
.: 

.

, shall couse no discontcnt, becouse of thi jiosii 
,r apathy of our cotored cilrz:gn{. T}rts ii luUi recig. ;,i.nizedbyallstotesmen. :,,,i, '':,

i _ W{t*nly prlmarios, voter tirilmldation, IIt-
: eracy. tg-ts and poll tales ,apparently 

wers notj gnough. -fne ctrosen dcvice wasin at-laiee electton
i for all three ot Mobflc's clty commlssioneii, oUfiiei.
i ating already meager blacl votjng stre"pnfr. 

-:--;--',

i dence mtnorty ptalnUffs must dlg out oi historical

nies and produce In criurt to prwe discrimina-
intent. It reflects the need fof a stnongervotlng

rtslaw. t ., ,
The results ol at-large systems have been pain-
fpparlnt to generatlons of blacks tn Mob[6 and
(.r.ere. But only recently, aft er years of iesratd
lltigatlon, and on the b-asts of iuch items as the
nhrg letter, haa a Federal Judge found thatthe
lence of raclal anlmu ts sufflclent to coudemntlle'satJargeelectlonsctreme. l

fup! elaboraie prool ts not always obtatnable:
d om has beco'me more cauiioG'"ia6iofrt:
less blatant and candld than was Sbnator

berg. More lmportant, such e:rpenslve.snd
pTITlnq p{rofs.should not be necesiary

lthe_lnjury-to mlnortiles ts so palpable. I
The.House has fi,assed, ana glseiators have en-

l, a vottng cgbrs bllt io permii court-attiiii
arl election system snuts minorlties out of a

munity's polittcal life. Ttre Reagan Admtnlstra-
_o!s)|:r thg c!s,lFg.Ttre issue comes up today

ile Senate Judiclary Cornrnltee. We rirse thl
amendment. Letters tike Senator imm-

i yrttgr Frederick s*nlb.ii,-a-whltu-ffiil il"?tii.] ri'
IIIs letter to the local newspaper exptafneO ttre i,ii- i,,gins ol Alabama,s post-ReionstnicUon election i,

, !aws, whlch he had helped enact, and the plan fort. il
i further.measurcs to elimtnate Uta-cks fmm ifty ani . nrsCatepolitics. - 

r.,.1

's are rarcly wrltten any more-orOscoverrO.



:Si,liilCI{AlI ' ALA.
!iI>

- !'7 4,492
- 2L8,61L

HAY 1 Egz

should be extend;L sti( in:iil,rr&;;;-c;rilGt"r,#. topfr{grm a worthwhiie Etrri;;; ;;;'il;* t dsesn,r leave theelegtion procqss in an amuiguons *o.r*ilt=; ., 
*.Y*,.:.' loo'

" 
:version 1 of thi bin wourd rnare ctaims oi:air..i*ir"tion easiei,but it carries with it prouiems nri iiriir.; ii ,raEri.i6ie. ri-rlct, itis fo,::ded ou the exaggerated pr"-iia tu"t it i; imp;iuG ever todetermine that vorin{iroceoui&- were LtauGua'ddii;,;ui ;;

9..] rd9. black rgpr*entatioa.-, G *iting tn"i.Liri-p.opin"nt,iglore the faet that the u.s. Jr:stice Department has alreadv done .

gIa.c.tlI that :- prove intentional di.Afiir;tffi:il;rh;Ase of j[Igbile s threm-an commission i6*, ;i;;"-;**-"nti-: :'.: "-:- . :,

^ - -{trq".r,oii' the' versiontrisks setting up eteciion qrot"t *ui'.i',are ht.odds with the basic Arnerican poulicar philosophy of electing
!h- 

e -be.t ca ridida re - a-o m a tier. wna I rris:'cor oi = iil itiii J irric e, . iIf election resurts ca4 in tt uros"rro,-u.-rr"o to deterrrine discrim- :

!1alion, the ultirnate'method.to eni,re against discrimination isl$elv !o be a scheme_ wtricu guiianiiiir,iE nJ;aa;Tilffii'ihor"
eleeted to office will croser|_reflect the raciar mix of ine p*pr.wh-o voted in the election. Mosl ft;;[r];ir,li';;ki ,nLI'tn"t
;HX11',1'}TSUg'*",tuar',"";;;."il;;;liiiiilili*"r

It would be ironic, for.exampre, for such a proposition to be usedto eliminate at-targe voting pi-oceiaurg: for Birmingham city coun-cil elections et-.I^aige- votins-wai c;tinued after the raciar turmoilgf-the grry ,,s-Qos-wren 
g"irmirgh;; residents voted to unseat.a

;:S:rllr"qfl#,,, comrnission a"nd set up a nini-min c,iy-qoun"i[

rdil";rclria:]$:le:*if t,S,Tfl 
.*r*Xy,iLil"f r,,:liT*l,H

b-ecagse they iirvite poriti.i*r tolJor, ,rt., onry the needs of theirdistricts at the expense of the city as a whore ,oi to wi.a-t 
"aring.

\dli.Hii;fl f;jf '",.,f.1#,1,*,*;iHr*;t""::1,:*lTill;



j.'i

f prroo .9nco[!;7n*"o, 3u",
I rvlsriNcroN, o'c. zooos

rdii Othor
Poga PoBo

LOS AI'IGELES, CAIJ'

TIMES

[IORNrNG - 1,018,490
suNDAY 

. _- ...L_-,702.,395

Hnv z

i
I

ts: a CorirPfomnise
to.couldcreateaquotasystelnguaran[eeirrgthcelec.po tion of minorrtieJG-;ifi""sh propottion to 

their

y:i[i ;Tfi::ilJff'f,::$lill't fi;; q*"-!':i:i::i:
:xI: rrir;:=iliT;'il;iL-'on'' -n"I'1bl:un 

scnators-

nou, espcciauv'1+ili'P:i9-tl[:l'n::]1,:':*:ffi[ :i$fi:fti{",i;d/$;;Filt1'i :lle 
probrcm and

rtion ;;dealt wlth it.i;fi.i, .onlpitirnlse directs courts to

dis- consider tn9 ;{'iirG--q,*::ly'*,::" Y.:,',*l}lll' consrui'r r'E 't-"iio* tliscrlinlnatory' but only
whether votlng li

as one b"tt of InO prtturc''Fr'th[hcrnrore' tlte com-

.'' prom ise sp ecrrcaui :;ii tlit"l?:l',1',;:' ..tj : J1tjlll; :1ffi',h:ffiil'';t1!ligl-*ies to be "erected I

dts- in numbcrs.qirar.iJ'nirfiroportion of the popula' !

i.iin*nt tion'"".'' '"': :' ' " l

in ercc- PresidentR-u.'ff!h^o1fT:[:11['"'lT3:?*Tt:i i*:ii' .,J;ffi1;';;;:;"ffi;;il;i;Gh'tt"n has stumbred i

illt l:$vti:Hffi$* rfiit:l':]iiit'fiHii' nuPc- '" ';;;ifi oii' ri"'"ld huve bcctr far t'"tt9r i
:li" n: : fi:ltJ. Ii.mtnr o rra Lro n t! l: l, :ii.'i: 1,"- ill#:',lH i

[tri$iilsRil
I : .' '." tn. toUnggiehts Ac[ y": n9]or^lT.
t : . .' euarariteeffilo anlg.lu,blrather to gt

'' .,., .that th'e pro.o" fot iitting political ofllct

, ,,'i ii;;:;;iiil'.'v""c' rc[aidles-s of race'

i n:*iffi'If.l3,ll1'l':tliHlffi,ijil't
' i '., taen soelled out for thcm in q 'gomp{ql
l'l ;i ;#fi,i;rrJ t.tpyi" passase of-stallcd lt

I i'' , 'iolri.no irru 
".t. 

rnt to'piomise has alr

i 
1 
''' '.iJdc.o'it. tut t*m the senate Jydiliarl

' ' ' ltuuit, irru. ,""i it'u 
'iono"o' 

usbd in P*'. " "iffi;ti; in voting rights Cases' A 1980

, 6o#i'Jo.itron: r'cl[ that groups char

i i crimindtion must prove that'the local go

i itiiiiJi'o to hinrler mittority participatio
I , iffi;. cirir-tiet tt advocates disagree' T

:i "i;;;";;6toio"t 
at the results of elec

'; notthelntcnt.i i'','': "-.'t Thc i'Iouse-iasscd vcrsion of -thc bil

\ ':' tnr[t.orrcept of cxanrining results to 1

\ .ii*rnairo'i. Plt S:l'Jl'^f l3ill",11lll"

'. ,i,. r..r r:.

usbd in pro
ases. A 1980

roups charl
the local go
particiPatiot
disagree. T

;ults of elec
t, ,

r of thc bill
results to 1

scrvutlvcs, ) i'& ti- lll":ff'#iililIigFq i',, 1" r,r mrttorrtrcs rath' 
I

n clran,Ie cr than n"* ritpoitticTigotn' /



l/OTIlrlO RIOIITS ACT

SIOIIIID BY.

President Says' &tenstion
Law Proves Commitnent

of U.$ tothe Franchiser

EyHOEELI8IINE3,
WASEINGmN, JrE 20 - Pllstdc

Rel8ou t(.d!y slSrd lnto Lot' !! !trt(
sl@ o, tha V(frhS RISbtlr Act ol 1965
a.n East RmE crreooy vtoasrcd
E8ny crluc! ol Mr. Rcrr!n', tuiii.
tacG td8llonr rrvr cMl rlgllt&

Tho zSl"eos cst8rh

l4ZEDT./AsDAN UNE 30, t982

Hcrr.r ellq't u, qrrtray Mr, Roamn u' | .ool.- I Doritl6.
tGddvctoErd)rld6;Prc.ldesialad.l ^-!tt RO.SPP 8loouic.d o JEU?l8l Tiolr'srgrt.d todayallfi! FcdeEl

ardottrocblscttc.l4flrcrc1grrltcd6[ turTa;,rUnJolto,snu::lgtpcos*rl n"6o-r-* rd rtud! Cmr,rarimir
tbo corErf,oy 6rno tbqlf! ncafan I 9!y 8!xllt8!dcd &alt cirr &t s{rlrdrt l atita &atdracO ttat tt rrs d:rroacti
8.1d6. crpe{:t€d soms ol tlcm lo us.,-t!?l MI. 5a8t l ',ltd 9D9 pc8.t- lD q ta{rl arfigull to rhqr Lo clurt r.hc hdcrlybi
(rcca{q! t{r c$tlclro tjrri i,\.6ldcaL Eo I ElElto carlEcot tta! c'{cd.r[a! hql tatcolor ot ofld.lr or Govotnriai
::ldthcltrvltlu6nrr!-p.rt-otawhtto | ryy',to' Db d.sl tlo !r14. "Il,sl agcDcr€!$&rr[lcrlollttd.talllrorl.

stmugrr Ptor,ltmr rg:rllsi dbct iu
(@ rh.r tb orlglsruy r@xoq
by Mr. RerglD. A 8ra*r@ loDt
and.leSrllauv! comlatf bad lb
Mr. ResSu 8!d AttorE'' Gerjaltl
llan Fnun Sd&'tr ihfo
plas toaata ttt!
eait dvtl rlSIB leSr{ldo'.

"Ar l\vo 5dd bclossi tl{i:lnhtl
B t!! crfi! Joel otAmcrlcal
dcr, and F! slll not scr lt! lurtar I

lshe4" Mr. RcaSu toldaD
350 p.oplr. aany o( wt8l bld
88!tast cls.trg rl1o lar.

TD€ Prcald6oc decdcd

vlcndorStElol'
'To eo rDrry. ol our Dcoda -AEerlcar! o( Mldca! daclrrtr

ihotorlc" i[rt h. !.16 enggastod
fcrEocor ls ttrc leglllatllo batue. .'
leg[lstlo! prcalr our uuHllg c
E tsr€ot to'{qlDg rtslt!," ha sald
dlo proE3 tirt 'llficrtc,:r'J caa bo

I tiod& good flll aod S@4lalu.''

PncddaitRcegrcrlplotrr.rt n lEgttE$av_9q!nsltlArr'llirrdrtbttrilDttc,AD4asrh6(,Fr.Ga
. tc.rrr.Ilrrtliu f'. !1, Re?.carntatl.*q Rslc;tllDtlir.tr5<nroiorrtlc.flartltsqt."DooDlrL, -

blact Arlerlcarr - titr mcasuro'ls
lDport!.or syroboU.nlly dJ lt !r
nelly,,' Mf. RclgaD daclrlld .

to ewry tDdivldu8l. 'Ytirr rctc b
),! Ir vltG tr 6etd!9fu1. ]lurr
coosdtuUoaal'."

lmmsdlat.t.:l Ittor rltasstsg
tl8!ln8, Bco,.hlr L dro
dv.dl&ctqroltls
lor tlo Adlraacaorca., ol Colotld
lssrrtld r.hat blaclr hrE-.t!

l8r. "I do ?ant to
k€sldant. borw.r, lof

_ AWhltrHtnlsoofflslrl!8ldMr,

delca" l!il rhrorll RlsiodMdm
tho Jusdc. D€Efiutot wlll colorc. t

vllqtrnsc&lDgtooilsceacralmdilthu'lcru,tOspecdllyslg[tiovottacl ruirizr.toco'Eucrtu...uourvotclr.
poudctl ctmn Dot crly e.oor 661 RIgUSAEt crtetl@ 8If!r tn Scoaol L1d*aacet,, nrmisdlm e arra- trerlurt. hlt ammg mqioraO .r:Ut6 I p.s!d lt Lult dsy, 8ll to 8, lu ,bat tla I dudllr Gla.d6 ftrultr t!l;t sbr' &Drt
Pho_!.rr! dbfirrbGd tly acersaums uat I trt.l99t ded.a "sultal'tnrrlq dod.l ara ot-fnllucal orcludm ot blacls; ID.
Mr. RestBtt b prrrujlcd. Tb. advgera. I tlo&'r Al passcd by t!. Scutr. tDc c I ahas. Stcrdq^lrlrlclls or otirr'EtMr. Restatr LE prrtulccA fm adr4reri. I tlo&" Al passcd by r!. Scutr. tDc c I aila:i-titcradq^alrlclt
Dld carUar dltcsslcd bavlnr &o pmL l t€od@. drtlcs€d la lcg rtrpCs troE l oE,iulr_'
dGct slg! thr blu h prlvrri or t&&c I !09 lo8lrLtl(o lrvE!.l bt O. R-Stll
pcrcocooleouchuurllcrgnsp; I Ao!ilEattrE@-
_.5Ht.lo*)rr,4qolr!cryp!+l For .alrEplc, r[6 {rrmrnroau6l. RISDrcnupE!&VtgUlott?lt iltn 116 ,ubllatrl td rlciJy I d8rlrlly ,rvsNd . srEplo l&lrrer .r. I WfSXfXCfOf , JuDc 29 (Ap) _ *rlthrvnboucc.roosrrlarhldPrtsldroit I tcofuoroitlcccorurytrii,rruoiqiiirl dlilil;;?-tLj#', ddh.. h..r

Erro ro. todayr dgnttr8-cmbrltld I For arrEplc, tlo Adntnt{,!U@It?lt tlttr r.h6 ,ubilart !d rlciJy I Gfdlrly llriNd I Jnole t(Lmr er-

least comlng along rlth tIe dvll rlr
act." Mr. H6t! told rtponq! o!
Wh.ltrEm.la'L

i6fi;-,8;ra:;dif, i,ift'ffi l;ffi if ,ff ffi ttrE!ffii6il1ffi ,'Bgt&'#.W*Jfl i"?jffi If.r. ldtofl FooF ol tr,a capltol. wbo,o I d.cr,lT rcqulrrnl cooirraraant- ti I d#ioEE'iliiy ,-r ds,, t." sy. IAbrai.m Llncoln slgnod thc ElorDcl- I prow ta canit tr,aI arrl aisoiratruu; I tiil;;ffi'"i th; igdi'i{; "d; 
Ipruon Proclrssrlm mor! tbra a cc.u. I i.haysunor€d tao Ua jnrcoucoar. cliii I ;6iG'frili;;d;; . *. . * 
|

ti;-',



,o 1s6q Th;wsrbin$oo tut Company 
-

t r,Q UL-/rr/ w \ L ,. r.. \ , i;_. t( ll l'1;.in'

,.- llither in r\rear r\gproximtlely ?5 miles' I Frorn Dtitrirt o, Cohrmhia lse lror on ll;r,
ES,D'A.II;': "J U N,E: ,S0:,' , 1g B,zr -.

:.. minish. the signifiEm'iof
,-' widel1l' heraHedrdiffsuceo'
:. civil dghts groupa-.
:.: "'Tepthorq:n'gi di

- - ho*tg, afianr ftu equality.u,o

f i lcnallourpeoplqP RBagqryEfl-,.\. ^vr g-vu lryl,rE . LH,
:i^'i 

briO[,. remArltq.beforo|.

','. billi, _''::' "rdi-1it"l;"*--i
: "ADtsonetimec.amidit.al[

' . onet-blown' rhetoric,,tte diffriror
. .. tpnd to eeom;biggerilEn th€y,
-. BuN actions, speah'Iourler-t
i. worda,'itint ii*t"t i,pr&*
.. "' unberdibgcommihnont to, vol
. 
' righh. Ib also pro'res that r' ences'can-be setded in the
. of gor;i will and good faith,;''.

But black leaders who atist
the Eest Room ceremouy
served afterward horr diffict
had beon to. securs, Iteaganb

' dorsoment and indicated.
they did not believe it si

. anysignifica;rt chango in
civil rights position.

NAACP president

dicates any changu of hmrt st
, --. j ,j (1\

Page I of 2



, gitrith waned ta,
billnaiaerl'ii

l,' .Ridgrn'Cinftfaf
. pgaingviewil wa*tb,
either: drteusiotr.or
theoriginalac8Jt
woulil'home,parf,

Page 2 of 2

mont fu civilrights,
h thren4 homwor;

Attmdinglthor
Congresq ther-,

Whit& Itrouse aidbsr
righb spokosmon



l,l

% Y1,v",

P C.^9 .

Wr-4.



Po.:yo

F"'"'r1 ',1 lll.r^:. -., J -t , l,l,,tUO.

ii Ill:',1, t)- L l.:iiRI CAli

;,i0:r::Il;i; - 286,g4L
Sil:l)."i -- 379,25C

.? S ii$Z

s, -ll i "i',iHI,L 51,'8f, 
,i, 

,lle, H l,T $

[?#f ,1 H,1,.tBjx3iJ'e, ii j[:;,H 

",xg*:qr,'$lffiliu$ffiF:lrn
fji$i fll' [I,, fl '8i'ff l' ?,,?l 

g,ig 
#Xli

Ifll.ll: $spt. 11, 1090, Tho Jurflce

fl#Tffi.'*{rfsxT}fa,llffi
pr9pqaeq,ro b.nn notghboihooA'v6iJr
roglstr+rton drlvee tTrn[- biiifc htv;,

i[ i :iefixl tifrgidf ln,*:Lr f,,,:.,T J3percent black, only lg pslc-o;ii"oi"t[I
etoet0rst0 le blgek,

'itlon rylvlng u dlf foront rnoeotniitJiln
iil',i,l,i - I ll x'i,"li,i L:. ll,ffi f gl ffi , il
9r !ng Irro.slssnlneo provlslon. -n
,l(ltqd dch,lts Is now tnklng trlusri tn
tnc- Iienutu Judietary f:iimriitt,ei riviii
dcflnlng tlro dlrerlnrlnutlrtn thut muri
il.:liit'uu 

to rondur nn olectlon hw lt-
Ttro flouas of Ileprosentntlvo,r.

t'0104 ljr{9.to ll4 lrr*t Osi(,l,,er snd ncnd
l-oltt0 Jurllclitry C0rrrrnlttsc n lo.yonr
0x[0nrl0n blll thut, woulrl etrlko down

r1$*#*H,'*#'ffi$l*H
ri:tillfiyl,s##[i

ffiitffiffi,-*ftfti[qht*

h,rffiiflffil-ffi

lr
,l

:rn| -l- iJ

I i.'
i.-______:_.,

lffinm*ffii

VotfiE?g ffiigF
MICHAEL.toggpHco,wou.v 

/

hara?t;afsordffi

ITE.',ft Aug. .4, lg?9, The Juetteo
HpjLll]Tlrr eefl n s.u ndar tho .Vorlng lRtehts 4et -builite'ti',i,i oln.tr6; t,i# I
ensngs_JR Klngtlnnd, 0s,, thgt movgs I

LRO D0lllntr nlnna frnnr lla ,1r., L.t r.^ :ths p'olilng pte'de frorirlh6 itrv #I'i;
,e prtv'ete.mcetlnE hall owneei.by two
organzsUonr both wlthsut a ilngla
non-w.hlto. mom.bcr, ttid'movJ ti;;?; I

;f,l f,11i;'3i,4 
u th orl tl or sa ln t I m t de tl n s 

- i

^' ^q{,i.lrg.ri'6i 
ttrn yoilag Rtshtr-J^ rlj- !i_ri-ri"s! trrn vortng Rtshtr 

-J

Act of 1066, duo to explro ttrtt ari"*iiii j
unrggE extendod by- Congreaa, lla:l ln i
two Brefls; tho pro*learanee piovlslon i
rnor re{utr0r eo.rteln atetos'wtttr trre. j! !h 0J re qu I ror 

- 

doii el n* liiiii'" tiir' i i'.': jr lortei of.votor dlscrlmlnetlon to clocr ;

i. cnonEei tn tholrslcctlsn lcwr wlth the I; ui'p&rtm0nt-of Justles; nnd a nrovl. I! rilun thnt rlsflnec elceil6nliws sI'ilii;, I

i .f*l_lf_lhslr roeutrr aro chiwn ici'ticfr gl6('Jlmlnl!t0ry. 
,- - 

Tiii;ffi;i'rbvtatqn te noeorsnry bo, I

cr.u.ts .0f s 1t)30 Supromo 0ourt dssl, i

,g6q*i31i['ffii,ry,-#i;*trg i

fiffiffi'*lg$ttrm'+filr.

mlmnrffirugmffim
tu4ftd,"ffi
rtffi}nfiuf,r#i*:'*j*ij

ffi/
#'*ffi-tf;ffififfi

i

ij i Llt f trft J T,' if;b :if {?,$}ft il
f, i.lt gr co yere d eo m Ble teiy'Uv"tnt' i,'u'i

nqfi{,:*;:+,q,}i;,*:{}*f
ehedorv the eontlnulng need for--ii,,t
runflmBrH law, howcvor, for slmlfl.
ean0. probloma remaln, Whlte -eroac

coRllnuo to be anncxod to blcek croac
to sFcure.whlte eontrol, ptetitets son.'
U4up !q bo gorrymenUeloa to 

-mci;".

tBln:whlto meJorltlca, Intlmldetlsn of
mlnorlty votsrs contlnusr ts ba all tso
cromlnon, Ttro rosults of aueh aettvltloe
nrs unrlsubtctlly dleerlmlnetory . snd
ths lewc eeruld b(, struek'ilown'alonn
thses llnoc, Provlng lnione,-howovsi,
sa ths Rsngan odrnlnlstrstlon fnvora.
le rn sntlrsly dllferont meitsr, All tsrj
tnar,y Icwe thnt ceuld hs atruel( dswn

"lra,inel sn rosultn wlll romaln sn tho
D(roiin bocnuao dlcerlmlnstsry lntont
cennot bs provsd.
. . Il ths preelclant, ls ts bo felthful to
hl;r conrnront of Junt e few nronthe ago
[h0[ "ryo cunnrrt nllow eny Amorlqrritr
vtrtc lo lls donlerrl, dllutoi or dsfllsd.',
l-ru nhoukl omplsy hla lnsrtlmBhls ln,
fluoneo wIth ths Sonts to surntntoo
lnnt th0 sxtcnnlon bltl ronel{rrd for hlr
e.lgn:rturo cnnlnlna tho doflnlrioh'ot
dlucilnrlnstlon perlud by ths llours, 

-



By JOHN HYDE
, O, Tha RrCthr/t \tlrlrlnC!.r B.r,raa
i WASHINGTON, D.C. - A SCNAI,E
,Judiclary subcommittee
.Wednesday narrowly'approved
ertension of the
1965 Voting Riglts
Act that civil rigbfs r

, Ieaders say . would

,Gra."ley (Rrp., Ia.), cHAnLEt .
: the subcommittee cnersuev ;

voted, 3;2, in favor of simply
extending the VoLing RiShts Act in ib

, current form for ano&er 10 years. .

. Ralph Neas, executive director of
'the leadenhip Coulerence on Civil
Rights, sald tbe vote was "disappolnt-
ing but not utrerpected," and
predicted the outcome would be.
reversed by the full Judiclary.

. Committee , .i.1!,

Senate liberals aud civll rlghts or--'-

ContinuedfrmnPogi One

the subcommittee's vote could have
been delayed until.a suiuble comprt>
mise was found.

"I'm disappointed there has been
no meeting of tbe miods," GrassleY
said.

Neverthelesg Grassley said he
continue to search for some
ground and asked io "reserve
right" to change his vote when
Voting RiShtc Act is c'onsidered
the full committee or on the floor
the Senate.

The voting rights law Senerally
credited as the most suecessful of
civil rigtrts laws euacted during
1960s. '

Subcommittee Cbairmaa Or
Hatch (Rep., Utah) said the KennedJ
Mathias version would turn th
country toward a "totally color'c
scious society" instead of one
which everyone was judged tndi
ally, no matter wbat bis or her
might be.

And Thurmond said the
recommended by the
has been misrepresented as a
tered-down ertension. IIe denied
it wbuld weakeo minority
righLs.

Tbe subcommitlee vote sets up
lively battle io the full J
Committee, headed by Thu
and in the full Senate, which
expected !o debate the issue later

At issue are key provisions ol
Voting Rigbts Act which expire

Ks extemsnodi

ganizrtions say a broader measurc
supportcd by 65 senators, includlng
.fowa Republican Senator Roger
Jep:en,'b vital it there are to be
conrinued gains in the nurnbers of
mh'crity voters, especlally ln tho
Soui{. ',. i'

1i'at comp6ting proposal by.

otr
atr

Sen:.rtors Edward Kennedy (Dem.,
Marir.; and Cbarles McC Mattrias'
(Bab., Md.) was approvcd last fall !n,
t6e itouso by a 38si{.vote.'i I

iiCouservaUves, inclurllng Senator I

Sbom Thurmond (Rep., S.C.), say the'
ertensioo.voted Wednesday' by t{e"
Seuate 'subcomndttee .ls needed to
avcid raclal quotas ir state lcgts-
Iat:res, city counclls," school boads'
aod other elec[ed bodies. * 'i'
Point of Reconclllalios ''

In remarks made before casting bisl
vote, Grassley said be had "sought a
point of recrncillatlon" betseen tbs

"T::-:!.T-:ll-*tiffi,i

" \*.

T[aunratsnnd d es extemsf,mra weakems rights
' Thurmond and llatch waut tbe ,-, Both votiag rigbts ertensions would
voting rights law to conform rpith a'"1, rcquire ttratitaiei wiUr a pattern of
Supreme Court decision uuder which;; voter discrimi.oaLion be required to
civil rlghts lawyers would be required.',;. come to the Justice Department
to prove tbat local officials intendedr; whenever they make chaages in the
to discriminate when they eaactal .t voting laws.
discriminatory chauges in voting;ifi.,^Both of the subcgsmittee's
laws. ' iii. Democrats, Dennis DeConcini of

Critics say that would requira the:-;' Arizona and Patrick Leahy of
dilficult task of analyzing the motives.+, Vermont, cast votes agiiost
of public officia$ many of whom are'+ extending tbe lar as it is. Grassley,
now dead-wdead- :. ,, .-; ll, ,

By contrast, ther ertertension"'\votes in favor oi erteoding tbe

'. f. Hatch anrl Tburmond cast tbe three

approved by the House would set a ' law.
nrore lenient standard under which
the effects or results of discrimina'
tion would trd enough to prove that
minorities were denied voting rights.

Hatch and other critics of that
approach say the inevitable result is
to'force federal judges to analyze the
percentages of minority voters in a
state, county or city, and then order
proportional represenlation in legis-
latures and other elective bodies.

Officially, the Reagan administra-
tion, led by Attorney General William
French Smith, is supporting
Thurmond and llatch in their fight
against Senate approval of the House
version.

But President Reagan has
indicated at least three times that he
will sign any voting rights ertension
tlat Congress ultimately ag,rees uPon,
although his spokesrnen have theo
corrected lhe president's s[atements
on just what provisions the adminis-

, tration wants to see ln the law. Those
corrections have noted that.the ad'
ministration wants discriminatory
intent, not effects, to be shown before
the law applies. ' . ,. ,..:..i

Aug.6.



c0LUitilIA, [10.
}I i 3 SOURIAN

r.iin 5 l$gz
l,!0Ril1;lG - 6,74q
SUiiDer - 6 r74+

Serrators shouLc

those who favo
the 1965 Yotrn

\Yhile Congress wrangles
President Reagan's latest propos:.
als for budget cuts and "Nerv n'eA-l
spslisgl," other important pieces of
legislation Ianguish on the back
burner. Chief among these is the
Voting Rights Act of 1965, which ex-
pires in August. Conservative sen-
ators, ,with NIr. Reagan's support,
r,,; h i;;;ail ;i;;E;; t#'d;,re 

I

renderthe landmark act impot,ent.
Before 1965, Southern blacks rou-

tinely were denied their constitu-
tional right to vote. In some states,
blacks had to pay poll taxes and
pass literacy tests in order to regis-
ter. When the Voting Rights Act
ouUawecl these practices, black vot-
er registration climbed to 9 million
from 2 million. As a result, the
number of black elected. officials
has risen to 2,400 today from 300 in,
1965. Encouraging as these figuresl
are, however, black voting and repf
resentation still fall far below black
population ratios. Eight and one-
half million eligible bladrs remain
urregistered.

The U.S. Civil Rights Commission
is one of several official and private
organizations recorrmending.exien-
sion of the Voting Rights AcL Its
September report concluded that
"harassment and intimidation of
minority voters and candidates per-
sist and registration still is inacces-
sible to minorities living in'nrral
areas."

The House needed little persuad-
ing; it voted 3Bg-24 to renew the act
and to toughen certain provisions.
But Senate conservatives led by Re,l
publicans Jesse Helms and Shom:
Thurmond are fighting to addi
amendments that lvould make tiel
act almmt meaningless. 

I

Their efforh are focused on thel
act's socalled "pre-clearance" pro
vision. As now written, the provi-
sion requires six southern staLes,
rUasha, Arizona and parts of 12 oth-
er states to obtain Justice Depart-
ment approval before changing
their election laws and procedures.
The provision also applies to locali-.
ties lvithin those slates. If the de.'
parknent can prove that the revised
laws have a "discriminatory in-
tent," il can nullifu them. ...

I
overr

disregard
weatrcerring

Rights Act
Under these piovisions, the de-.

nent has interuened to prevent
dilution of minority voting

; elections, gerrymandering 
;

the arurexation of white sub
Since 1965, 850 of 35,000 pro.;
changes - more than half of I

)n more rejections if it were-not
d,ifficult to prove l'intent." The

since 1975 - have been reiect-

There undoubtedlY would have

through the holding of ah 
1

bill wouid enable the Justice
rknent to bar chdnges if it

ment to his name- r

ound ttrey had a "discriminato-w:
:ffect." That would strengthen the i

6, thUtine the burderi of Proot'
n'the victims of discrimination

the perpehators. i

Seni. Helms and Thurmond ar-l
zue that the affected states and ju-
iisdictions should be let off the
hook,' that pre-cleArance "stigma-
tizesi' areas where Progress has

been made in ensuring voting rights

- as if racism, or even its rem-
nants, did not deserve stigmati
tion.

Ttre House bill addressed this

"Droblem" bY allowing jurisdic-
tibns to "bail but'l of pre-clearance
bv 1994 if theY.can show a clean
c6rd on comPliance. Not conl

\

witt tfris, coniervatives argued for
the extension of Pre-clearance to

the entire rution. That would create

"t 
rrr*n"geable enforcement task

ior federal officials, which the act's
critics uncloubtedly intended' Wht-n

that plov failed, fhey shifted their
efforfs [o reinstating the "int'ent"
test.- 

in keeping with his lackadaisical
approach to civil rights issues,

Pibsident Reagan has come out in
irvo. of the conservatives' position'
This announcement was followed
shortly bY the fiasco over tax
exemptions for segregated privat'e

schoois. The administration thus

iu.*t more sensitive to the feelings;
of Ambrica's still'too-numerousi
closet racists than to the constitu-i
Uonat rights of millions of minorityi
citizens. The Serute must ignore,

Mr. Reagan's advice and Pass tbei

Most observers, irnPressed bY thet

president's amiable . 
demea{tor' i,!lil;"iri;; t t un at face value hi

;idGJ protestations ol!9n-t:A f:
,Ififttitigtts- ciuen his stand

iihi;;A oti'er Pivotal sociai issu.

i.iowurut, " America's unele

i* geo *i+!,, 1:11...*.91$-tl Jii.'.ut.t it au about their interests'---P;hps ii is tiqe to aPPIY ?,1i::l
tu.t" i6ttloMt. Reagan's Polici
if tt ete were some institution.t
;;;;; to prevent Presidentia-l ali
iions harmful to the interests ot rru-

.otiUtt and the Poor' Mr' Reagan

woulcl not have a single accomp[sn-

House bill without delaY.



':;!::,*;&i#

-.i:-\\t)

"-.rT HAvEi'l ' coilN '
[untqgt -couRrEB'

CI1NING - 41,169

Ip,N z 9 l9BZ

Votlng:bill flap hurts Reagan
.. i

''President Reagan's relations with minority grcups are being

undermined neediessly because of the fight over the Voiing Bights

Act. The president has repeatedly assured the nation-TTFd66n't
Ia-ve a discriminatory bone in his hody. But members of his admin-

istration p-ersist in opposing measures designed to protect minority

Attorney General WilllarnFrench Smith, spelllng out the adminis-
tration's position, has taken a stand that would weaken the Voting
Rights Act. This measure is absolutely essential to overcome dis-
crimination. The right to vote is basic to the democratic process '

and that process h,rtds the k9f 
!o ?rog.res: 

by mingflV gloups

The administration supports 10-year extension of the Voting
it effective.

The need lo tighten the measure arose when the Supreme Court

approved the "intent test" in its 1980 ruling in City of MoQile vs'
gotden. This raised the legal question of whether the act should re-

quire minorities to prove discriminatory jntent to overturn voting

procedures they claim dilutes their voting strength.

It's extremely diflicult to i:rove such intent. But it's clear enough
when a systein of voting has a discriminatory effect. Yet Smith is
opposing tegislation providing that when civil rights lawyers go to
court, they need only show the discriminatory effects or results of
state, county or city redistricting or other changes in local election

The legislatioh io apply th_e 
;'effect" guideline has heavy sup-

port in botn the House and Senate. lt's virtu.ally certain.to pass,

having been approved 389-24 by House members and is being

co-sponsored by 62 of the 100 senators.

The bill contains a disclaimer designed to refute claims that it
would trigger court-imposed quotas. Those claims are behind
administration opposition to the bill. Granted, there is some reasbn
lor concern about applying a test that doesn't insist on proof of in-

tent. lt could be extended in uniust fashion. Granted, the president
rnay have been convinced by his aides that this factor is crucial.
But the threat to the Voting Rights Act by the "intenti' standard is

crucial to minority groups and affects their view of the president.

Civil rights leaders insist they aren't seeking racial quotas or
proportional representation'on state and local bodies but merely a
deterrent to further discrimination. lf the administration turns a deaf
ear to them the president only heightens misperception of hrs posi-
tron Ofl rights for minorrtres



iiou 3:oN r TEXAS

POST

MOR,Nl),IG
.rt\ln AY
"FEii 2

- zgg,546
--'319,q23

1982
'"1 '\n l -

t.

By KATIIY LEIIIS , .'ri
Poul Parhlngton Buresu . .'

't-r'r't't a ! t t r. \ i,l r.r . : .9 r. ! r I I t t . \": r .r \ \ \ \ n. 1 1r.,..1

ance" provision for two )'eai's at whichr.
time the requirement wo;ld becom+- I

The Houston PostlTues., Fe!.2,l9g2/ argC -Ti:
-- .. -...-;.--. _. -t-.- )

'og&,{t?Cbt W#,Yillte,g ,'.' i-i- ..-...i:;..:..,0-r.f: ', ,ll: :', '...--:...,,' , "",.i-. t -, t 
.:. ' ''- .'--.'. i'

IvHemHb-r'of,,EHispanic grs?-ag; sa3,s ,i i.

WASFT-DiGTON :- Catting the Reagair'adrriaistration's enforcement of the VcL

*#*H#{*fiff',i"f ,f:m
ization repeatedly had been denied meet-
ings with the head of the Justice Depart-
ment's Civil P,ighrs Division.

Joaquln Avila, asscciate counsel of
. I t^-:^-- l *^-r^-- ? ^--r h-!----

and Educarional Fund, a Senate ment to

-- '.', .,...,.' :

debate over extension of the Voting
Rights Act. -.expressed concern and
ofiered the assistance of their offices in
obtainingameeting.- " :

.:"I'd like to hear trom you about their
responslveness," Hatch totd Avila. .'

Reynolds could not be reached for
comnient.
. Kennedy, ivho called the situation

l,niolerable, said, :'It gives insight into
the value to pl.ace on the statement of

ts."
During last week's opening testimony,

Kennedy and Attorney General lViliiam
French Smith elashed over the adminis-
Eation's cilil rights record.

AVILA AISO CE.TRGED that under
the Reagan administration, the Civil
Rights Division has not tiled a single
case to enforce &e Voting Rights Act or
to eliminate discriminatory election
structures affecting Hispanic voting

"Instead, clvil rights organiiations
have had to take the lead," Avila said. ,

Avila's testimony came during the
third day of subcommittee hearings on
extending the 1363 Voring Rights Act,
whose enlorcemeot provisions are sched-
uled to expire Aug. 6.

Under those provisions of the act, de
slgned to protect the voting rights of
minorities, nine states (includ:ng Texas)
and parts of 13 others must get Justice
Department approval to make election
law changes.

The House already has Passed an
extension plan and 62 memhrs have co-
sponsored identical legislaticn in the
Senate.

One of the more controversial aspects
of the House and Senate bills is a provi-
sion that would permit voting violirtions
to be p.roven solely by demonstrating an
eleetion law's discriminaf.ory effect.
Both the Reagan administration and
Hatch v;ant to require that an "intettt to
discrirninate" be proven.

TIIE II0USE B[.L and its companion
ln the Senate exrend 161. ,.pre-cieaf-

compliance.
Susan A. Ilfac}lanus,' a t:aiversityl'ci.

Houston professoc who has tcen a ccn--
sir'.ia:lt to sevr:ral Texas cid?s on vorir3.
rights issues, urged the sub-:onrmittee ro
pass legislation that clear!-w teiis lcral
governments what lhey n':u-si Co to eo::l-.
ply, rather than leavicg brcad interprs'
tation to the Jrstice Decartreui. :

The crlrrent law is uncltar aild makes'
compllance d!tlicutt, she said. rllac-
Ivlanus also told the subcor'.raitiee that
many local ofiicials *'o,-rld faror si:brait-r
tlng propcsed election cher:g:s to the
Justice Department lor apprcuai prior
to tormal adoptions.

(TBEY FflEL T}I.1T thi.s wotriC r+
duce the ilrcidences and cr:s-ts ci hriga-
tlon for them as well as fcr &e lefe:-al' govemment," she s,rid.

Under the prcposaj ner legislatioo,
l\facManus said local governments.
wor:id have diificuliy provin-g th:;r are
eligible trl be renroved hora pre-.'leai-.
ance rcquiren':ents. The xr+rllgl trati-:
orlt, she sair!, r,r'cul,l !ea','e ':a g:eat rie;..l'
of latitude in interpreiirrg coi,gres:iirrnal
intsnt."

She also criticizcd the .Ir.r.rice Dt'part-l
ment's inrer i.il er.rrion of lhe es'sting latu.'
" The Jristice Dr:pfrln:nt hf,s
generally regarderl as rJrlu:ile any s"s-'
tem that pioduces a le;i-:'at:v'e boiil',
uhose mt mbcrs do['t r']fL'cl the 9er,€rel.
rnakeup ol rhe poptrllrtirrfl," r'g.-,14t. .-

"In otLef wrrrris, pr',tc.jrr.lurl;Li l'ept'e-
sentation ha.s been the b.,s-i!' resr of'ei-'
lect, rather thirtt the lr,sr/rrL\it,'pncss r\i'
electe.J o(fici..is, regart):e.rs ui r:rce 0r
el,!ttticity."

suirommittee he had tried unsuccessful-
ly since Iast LEcember to talk with As-
sjstant Atrorney General Williann Brad-
ford Rc3,no!ds. . ,

AVILA, g'g0 CITED a number of
Texas voting rignts .cases initiated by
the Hispanlc conimuldty that the Justic€
Department tlid not become involved tn,
particularly coraplainel about Reynolds'
unavaiia.biiity to meet with MALDEF
abcut the Texas Legislature's reappor-
ticunent of part of the 2.ird Congr.ession-
al Di:trict in Bexar Ccunty.

Avila contended the district, repre-
sented by Democrat Abraham Kazen ol
Laretio, ci.ccumvents the predominantly
Hispanic areas o{ San Antonio, thus
linritrng the irnpact of Hispanic voting
strr-.ngth. Kazen, the incumbent in the
sitrawling district, is of Lebanese
de.scent.

l'he Jtrstice Department Frictay re-
jected as discriminatory Texas'plan for
congressional reappot.tionment, but did
not rrrlition the 2itrdGili6t as one that
hitrl lren redrawn unacceptabty.

"l'he track record of the administra-
tlon oil the Voting p"ights Act is disrnal,',
Avila said. "It is insensirive to Hispan-
ics. lVe heve tr.ied tc get input, to dis-
cuss.it wi ih Bradtcrd Reynotcls.,,

.,riill,5 No? IrIEEtlliG with you?,'
a.ik{xt Srrn. Orrln H.trch, R-Utah, chair-
mar of the Scnate jurli.i^., subcomnrit-
tee on the Crrnstitrition.

"No. he's not," Avila responderl.
Br.th Fi:tlch and Sr_'n. Etl,.vald Kenne-

rly, D-tla:rs. - rivels in the currr-.nt



\r
it|

OKLA.H0I'lA CItY, OKtA.
OKI]AHOITAN

[!oRNrtJc - L79,760
sui.rEAY - 293,36-4

4,*P wjinfigttgs-, rlyn', {
A TELEVISION interviewer :- j- The extensibri bitt. wai ardttehla. lave'president Reagan a . ,"io set ,around'a tggo-u.i:'i,;{4. gave -President Realan a . ''to get'around. a 1980 U.S., Sr.i-

hard time the other night by in,' ,preme Couit r.u_ling that_merely
sistihg, through his questions,., Lecause blackiireie not elected
that the president. has an. irnag€,,: .. tg the Mobile, Ala., city commis-
problem with blacki-,i.nd._other .',sibn in proportion-to their popu-
minOrities. ::h..' , r .,t :=.,.:_::r.-1 :1:1;. 

IatiOn 
-Stria-,aia 

noi:rrr""n,itS.
,; The administration's stand .on ...- electoral structure was discrim-

tlights Act, scheduled:td-expi1e..'.,-on its face, the,'eourf said,.to
\n.August, is one reason. blacks.': .overthrow it would require proof
feel as they do, interviewqr'Daq.-;ig Of discriminatoiy i,intent.tl-, .-.',. -..

ffJ:'i6-f;1,."i;?i"Xli:i}:,i,? =t -^,-qlq:"- lnf , irouse' 'ui11 
iviie3

lb:r' s es t e v; r'- o r i ;;;:j'; t' i 
i 
j:,, il:y ;:::t;r'#:ffi ,--rX 11 

j"",iij:

ft1liiiitiii+i:iT:iiffi qilt:,T'i}#rlr;11'ridri
l3-;1 vear.that he "lpL..lli:-_, ,.i;; or other,.changes in localr.i[iis principal objeltigrt,^,!i1 . ..it,ion taws;:opponents argue

Lli"ii.l,,{i,r:ff ti, 
jlii':,ili''l:li;liffi '.',::l:ria:1ff 'd:rneasure's substitut:

xff;; tiii";i*kJ,': ]"Hi i rx r'i'i!:ii!{i,ii l ir 
T,iJ

l-6C"f; 
""' 

a"i'j"""i ; iil iJ', lll',iii i 
-., ceu ncils a nd, school boa rds u n-

.iidoritie.-i;-;;;il-'-- ::-"':-' der which the number of minori-
i6'd,structure. .. 

g up !!s l.ot-,.:..'ty elected officials would have

;H*,,1 ".X i I :l ".,"X; i : m', 
. 

I l; ;" il ","f"" : i J* -1,",;i : I 
o ".

polls in certain Southern states . Another'objeitionable feature
lYas so endemic and vicious as to is the "bail-out" provision, so
bc:irrernediable by piecemeal stringent there is-virtually notltlgation. It requirecl the possilility any Southern area
lrrdsumption of guilt and direct , ian'inclependently qualify tb es-
lEderal intervention. communi- ' cape its ioverage. And tlie biil's
-tig;. covered by the VRA could coverage of Hispanics is so
$).}'er their structure of govern- , sweeping some criiics fear it ac-

J IIAg,nt only if the Justice Depart- :. tually promotes the emergence
i ln€+-t decided that the etfect of a second .'euebec." Reagan is
ti. .\t'9.tlld not be to discriminate right to insist on some chingesi.ag&inst minorities. in the measure. J'ilp rr r

-:r-



\r
gl

ctEii:3:CI10.
l.rEu/s . *FEBN. g.

I r98z

l,toRNING - 93,217
SUNDAY _- LTl,963

The Reagan administration took ii on fiIany' civil rights lau'yers
the chin early last rveek and a".""""J point out 

-tr,ri 
firouing iiscriminati

e\.ery ve-rbal puneh. The moment came caused by "inteni,, *uou'id be inordinar
rvhen a Senate Judiciary subcommittee ly diffrcult because many of6cials rr
lggn-lregine on a bil to extend the sponsible for drawing up time-rvor
1965 Voting Rights- Act. Civil rights voting districts have ion! since died
advocates castigated the lf irite House Proving .,intent,,, the larvyers contendfor its indifferent recorrl on -ino"iiy lr-ould i"q"ir" rlrai"g il 

" 
minds oitrights. ,' ' 

deacl _ ri, iry p.opoiition.
Th-e Voting Rights Act, which is

scheduled totlpirraext August, is no
r vr rrrurlLrlD Lrre tYnl[g tIouse

ha-q *,affled on the issue, fearfrrl of alien_

The administration differs more

point. The House version rvould ex
indefinitely a provision which a
nine. states and parts of 18 others, i
cluding North Carolina. This provisio
knolm as Section b and cated
clearancer " requires Justice
approval of any changes made-in
or local voting procedures. The lvhit
House prefers a lO-year extension o
Section 5, a not unreasonable deadli
The l0-year extension rvould assure
gal protection through lgg0 rvhen
tricting is required by Iarv and w
mischief is always a possibility.

i Section 5 is not a fixture that we ex
pect to need permanently. But for
next l0 years, it is a necessary watch-
dog. If circuastances lvarrant extension
ofSection 5 beyond that date; then
gress should act accordingly.

ating .rvhite southerners yet u.orried
about its low standing nmong black
Americans. In his State of the" Union
message, President Reagan made a
point of announcing that he favored a
l0-year extension of lhe Voting Rights'Act.'

.But'.his terms for extension are ouite
another thing. Civil rights ,di;;;;
.would prefer a version of tire act that
has already passed the House ;t-;;.;:
sounding vote and ryai endorsed by al_
most tlvo-thirds of'the Senate. It is a
strong. bill, niuch like the present Vot_ing Bights Act, and deslrves'to LL
passed.

Enforcement is a major stieking point
bet*'een the House bill and the Relgan
proposals. The White House rvould
make state and local voting laws illegal
qnIV if it can be proved that they rvere
dis_criminatory by intent rather t-han by
effect. As every lawyer knou.s, intent is
t h_*d case to prove. And nobody knorvs
it better than the Reag;m arlministra-
tlon. Civil rights advocates prefer the
House biil rvhich requires courts to
wergh -only the ',effecti,, of any poten-
tially discriminatory law.

P-resident Reagan, meantvhile, is
to be puzzled over his poo" sian
among black Americans. ,,The preside
does not have a discriminatory bone
his body," said Attorney GenLral ,l
Iiam French Smith. But neither has
gone to the firing line for minorit
rights. His flarved plan for
the Votings Rights Act is ample proof
that.



lr{r

{Jrcu -9'"1'{!:,,.er-ce, J'nc.
D.C. 2COO5

0

v,l.c,5Hlll6Tot'l'o-.c:-zlre -:

Fronl Eiil ,' Clirer
h.g" i;:;J rci.

-' -"block extension'
'', "ll'rl 

*ir" 
i;'" ;;r;;; hea rtenin g ih1 

t' Y'lth-
- - L.-,. ^r tta Flor'i-

; :,::' H"iil :..-:*::i.',.0 lI| 
"'?, ^t'": 

;i:r '-'ud rrvuJ! E' - r 
cecti6n in the stare' The

. l-','oting-righs Pro .L^ a.-
l- .^iiri'ir""'r.jia 

"r 
limited backup to.the na-

l' "ii.""-i toiing-.igttts law -: lust in case'-' 
il;:'Bui!"io*ixi' D-er.nocrat or Dade' is

Voting Rights
' rlv that "dePriva:ionThe bill saYS srmp

of, or interference wiih; the exercise ot"
;;;,"i. voting rights' will be ag--nst'

r;;i;*.-inE rro',s"'s Ethics and E"ec-

iioii co**ittee unamilg.Ytlv .1Pry^t':l
i; ;;" ;;"5' 

ls^.- -Il,i":*: "'"*"5:?::
il; ;;;;;ti in tr'u senate'has been P-ro-

;::#U 
"d;nl 1"" c 

" "te 
n 

"anoth 

e r De-de

Democrat- ' - :- iir"t" bills are not a moot exerclse'

f.t 1"i". counties in Florida d-urre:iiiy

l;;, ;;;;. 
-lurisdiction 

of : tt-re..*tllil
Vo,iii-iient' R"t' Atthbugh th"- :Tj
*Lrsi." hls no preclearance or report-

i i;.i'.:" :ti:;',?ti1?:l; f{i * J- !;
aLJJr"tion bi incerference with [he nor-

*it pto...t of voting' :- -"'iriiS legislation merits resoundtng

"";;;;.;;;t 
uY ttre full Florida Leslsla-

ture.



l*t: . e \

signitlcant because they form the
backdrop against which the Senate
will consider extension of the act. By
a wide margin, the House voted tasi
month-to extend the act, setting the
stage for a showdown next year in
the Republicandominated Seirate. 

--

) In the temporary section of the
House bill, jurisdictions now
required to pre+lear voting changes
could escape, or .,bajl out,'ifrom;he
provision if &ey coutd show no
voting violations for the prior lGyear period. Without speiling out
exactly wtlat lt has .it mind, the
Reagan administratiori has said thatit favors a .,reasonable', bailout
standard. This has been interpreted
by civil rights groups to mean one
Iess__rigid than the requirement in
ue House version.

HOW DID the Reagao
administratlon, the House -and
representatives of key civil rishtsgrtups split so sharply on the
legislation?
. One high-ranking o{ficiat within

the Justice Department, lnter,,iewed
on condition that rus named not be

The major differences berweenr House bill and the Reagan
ninistration's position are thei:) The permanent sectjon of the

ouse. bill allows voting
scrimination to be determined b!

th-at voting changei
against minoritieS.

The administration's favors a more
difficult standard in which the
Justice Department woutd have to
show that the discrimination was had full knowledge, for example,

dplulbed over the intent guestioir,
which has concerned civii rigirt-{
groups since a tg80 Supreme Ciurtnrling. . :=

werr Goigii'i.i, -;#-;'; ;il"ffi:
!o an enormous amolnt ol
litigation," the official said. .'' Eventually, Smith presented such
arguments to Reagan and thevprevailed, although somL
administration offictals -outside 

the
Justice Department advised him to
endorse the House bill as it was.

Michael Uhlman, a special .
assistant to Reagan, saiit the .

position finally taken by the.
president, was one very ctoseio thatof civil rights group! before the
Hou= had acted on th'e proposat.

"The House voted oui a'bill never ..
conside,red fully in committtee," he .

sajd. "-It was a patchwork quilt, and
a lot of what is in the bitt vie.nian,t
seen before." 

1

- . BLrf SUPPORTERS of the House .

bill, which was passed S8Cio2l, -
contend that it reflects a variety oi.
Conceras rangng from those of iivitrights groups to those of-jurisdictions covered by the Act. .'

"We kept refining the bill hs we
talked and thought about it," said
Rep. Donald Edwards, D4alif., andcbairman of the Judiciary
Committee's civil and constitution;l
rights subcommittee. .,There was alot of testimony about what some
governments are still doing in terms
of hidden devices (to keep minorities
Irom voting) and that all of these
things should be taken into
consideration in the bill.',
- Fdwards said the administration

)

)
- In that case, court held thatproof'

of specific discriririnatory intent:js .
needed to establish that a voting law 

'

or practice' ls raciallv
discrimir:atory in violation oi tir6
act.

_ .On the qxestion of ..bailout,':
Edwards said the House bill offers'a
more liberal escape provision tharinow exists ln the legislation.
Cu.rrently, only states can seek a
bailout; under the House measure,
gountlgs and parishes could escape,
he said.

What the change means ls that
about 200 of some 800 counties in
Jurisdictions covered by the act',would be able to bail ouf ,..
immediately, he said

I

)



.. frbn! &dt! (rt'lot
Pdc" Pogo Pogo

ci,'lLi{A, i\;EEnAsi(A
TIOR.LD -!{ ERAIJD

muilNrNc - 124,765
ruo:rj-, ---27e,738

HAR 2 i lESi'vo$# 
ffirri' ffisffi fi seii[te Mltli* = I

i r#a*oilffi':*Tll .#ffi+T*8":",1*,q;1 o.n" .;m im'liit ;,lL?li;;;*l*n: : 
Ji- t)Y.tt<tt rYulLiltlturr;;Ftaqk ,?ji,rl6ti.EnightsAct. -1 .-1 .:.- " i, court held that.rnrentronal .or pur- .f , .!!El

,t:111ffi'rffilii";;;i,"$i,tH:*{xtriru"#L',1'i'i;.:x itriii$i.:{ii'#:31'i?3"i",,,0":,:
l.subcommirree iSscheduled to work ,"nrr,ii"l"'niit"*;;idGfofilotC* . tionsasch.ap*;, ^-, ,r.^ ^^-,r,-^ r"i:-',[&"#'#i#;:;i$ii:ji;'ffi'k';fi;]';;,"'hi;1h;;,irdo.iio'jlo'neE - tionwascharseg:. .. .'|

'c. Iti;iil'ilil;i;"k ,;.1!-irr"i,i^*iil -il;i.d itil iny preygous extensi-on, ., Th9 House bill and the pending '

:- l'i:t"ni't1''Jid$"i.,iilJ"ffi'f,;1"'id fii'gr"o.i;ta;-' . ,",-rlE .ir: 
'-'.' 

:.senate version would overtirn tha'[ i\

';;il;ffi;&;i; has become a rr6wonligre€sthefactwitlbeex- 1 r.uling by establishing a new stan'-;\
. bone of conrenrion U"'ni*r-ifrJ'iOl tenaeaif,iiyeZr. - ,;S ...;t'--_ , dard underwhich a violation would':,.'
..: ministr?tionandcivilrightsgroups::,;.,,atistuelinOtneoftrealtymajor'Scur!!!|3-gffectsof astateorlocal '',1

i The subcommittee,;;"&;A;;d:ioir.itiu. - it aitungJ'fn the ict con- ; Iaw resulted in.ftl-g- discrimina'"r1
side with rhe Reagan administration,':,i1ained in extension legillation pT1{ tl"*IgT9i=t^::,:5,1: 

^_^.^-. ,.1, 
-,

side with the Reagan administration,':,,: tained in extenston legi,s13g16n passeo trulr, rgB.lrs,"".^:t ,j'-t:'j:'--^-^-, r^i-','. accordins to sources o"';ii;i-ian;ii ':oy ti,"'iiorseliit yeEi-and itico.pe' 
' ;.,Tli-i1l.i!^tlil*:9,i1-qltt:I^1,": )

they also said that its posit'ion ii. r,rateo in a senale_bil{sponsored by 1T-r-trs3^llql"t.lTo3li^9tp^t_*lsl ,i
tit<titytobereversedincoriringweeks':.1 Sens- Edward -Kenried-y-,. 

D-Mass-, d-t^t:lTt_11tron' Dotn sr99s 9n Ine i
UyttrefuttluOiciaryCommitt&.' " andCha_rlesl[athias,R-M.d..-: lss-ueagree'- ';'""":'\

Administrationofficials,including .';..:The;ffigei;'orldeiiminateintent 1 . But iheadministrationand orher'r
enb.rey cer',#i'\iiili;il-;i*if, as tt e standird pv aq1e.n violations.of opponents of the proposed change sav1,'

Smith,heatedlydenyacharge.bytheexistingVotingRightsActarede.
civil;igtitS-|eioJ.s."tr,lt',i;;;-.";,".termined,"-,,.,.-i

6ti.Enigirtsact. t "1 ;:-- " i
.T!e'admini s tra ti oll suPPorts

' ...r

)tingfughts Act St#s im Senate Battle
O Continuedfrom.pagei Y 

. - '':'- Benjamiri I-:Hook!,.execurive di- .pected to 3pplgy;e.,a voting'Rithts

the errec* srandard ,,0;,0 ".,o',,,n ffi:ti:9::E}3l'lli'.ff;::;"i'3;rg: *.,T i,:'"'l',lSlrH'l:Xi:J''l!,tin3"#
the concept of "proportional repre- has described the proportionat repre- ministration, Ieaving intact the pres-
sentation" in state and local elec- sentacion issueas "a red herring." ent intent standard for determining
tions. Rights groups feel that esrablish- -, -discriminatton. ' ."'- .-i..

Under such a concept, they con- ingiitentiets'toohigh'astandardfor.' Its chairnran is Sen- Orrin:Hatch,
tend, election laws coutO Ue chal- .. de-termining disdrimination in :--.R-Utah, who said recently he nev'er
Ienged.under the Voting Rights Acr if voting, hetestlfied recenrly..'. . , "before had seen "an issut that has
a particular racial gr-oup-were not , Thd Vodng Rights,Acr-exiension, Q"un the subject of so much misun-
represented in an elected body in containingtheneweffecsstandard,'-.--derstanding and misconception as
n_umbers proportional to irs pof ula- was approved overwhelminglyby the IheVoting Rights Act-':;'.='..,;i -, .tion. ' . ",:' ',. ,_.,.=;-House lastyear..All .thiee Nebraska : Both Kennedy and Nlathias are

It rvoutd raise questionS aUouf itre ,-Housemein"berssuppo*ited it.i:ii ,.' members of tne fult Ji:diciary Com-

Tligily of existing smte and local ' :.-.There *., no r..ortEO uli€ldtr,. fllltJT, wh,ose.membership is such
election larvs across the:o'il'jry., At- new stanil.d, ilr;v;-4;rhil[;; i; :131.!1":-*lommittee version of e.x-
tornel' General Smith 'testified re- ifreUiilasitcameoutoF'ccjmmiuJel 19n9iqn legislarion could rvell be re-
centl-v, and would invire -vears ot ' i["'xi,;;!li:iliifi4;uiii';'""-ir," J.g.,S!:^^..^.,^. '' ':

:il??S.* 
litigarion in ttre-narion's . senaie'rrli 6i'rp,,ilo.r,.ro.""tr,"n ,n]\",riilliffi:rri:::*..ii:il}

smith comptained that,n" "orr,"- "'$:,c,1,:?p1t:J::lill1!L1t],T' ,. . perhaps, in a House-senare conrer-,,'r,r uu*Lrrurneu rnar rne aqmrn- Neirher' Nebraska -senaror is a. Siliilfliili,ii.i*.:,,;:L: gpf-r:it19n t91rr.e qrrlnq.glg ,p;;;;;:' ' 
,. 

"..,:,,t"11': -"-'y',

:l;i'ff:?;T,.1"H"'"i:j;l"'-iJii:"^i:l,rs:*?gi::tl'3].9'|^"F::l-.....i-as opposrtron ro rhe Voting Righrs tieies't[-e pieieniVoting ni[nis ecrAc.t, "wh.ich it clearl-v is rrut - has worked .rvell. -ancl he favors a
,, I-". :3 

I 1.".1_f 
9l t tll"ll ex rens ion or' i'i.ni s ft r g-yea r exren s ion.

rne acr, 0ut sal0 the administration
wourd .su.pport 

.'anv sriont';;ii;s .,,.t;1];]v;.,Hi;,,X.il'#;j [f;i-righrs bill."*snrith 
also said that rvhen he mcr fects.standard in th.e Kennedy-luathi-

with variorrs civif itgirts ;il"pr i;r; as bill could.cause litigation. "lVe'r'e
sumrner, tlrey prai&d-rff;-;ii;i;; done scr well ruith-the l'6ting Rights
lirting Higriir 'ncr. -rheii ;iiii;;E Act. . ....1jtrst.don't rvaht anything to
then i:ts,::ll it isr,ot Oiri*n.tOirn.i be- prrt into that larv !hat rvould in
rix ir.,'he,saii 

, _ - 
_-_ ___ ;fff: il::Xi:,il"':X?X :n", nrighr not

The nrakeuo of the constitution -

h subcommittee of the Senate Juclicra- ,



fffi7-eait orher
Pcge Pogo rogo

wASHlllGTON' O'c' 20005

il

SAN FRANCISCO' CAL'

EX AI,l I t'IER

ilip.rri{ER-cHRoNrcLE i

iu'rnyoo-f81g'rl1' , .-:.1.!

LVoting Rqghts'ACt esrdarugered,_. * , ji
L.'

l-.ti- ' 
:' riy KoDert Jorqalr .. .. ' ;;il;;yty 

"q;ivocal, 
if not delibeiitely cloudy,bn the'

! Of all the stains President Reagair may leave on the Gu.] ': 'i
delicriqracialfabricoi.ir,initi6n,oneofthemoSt,']',...,-,
indelible could be from the blood, sweat ona iJ"i oi rhis imp-ossili1lTl:ll:Jl:?.t];'^3"t:ti:lt* l|;:in be a clear signal to the forces against therrluslrur' Luqrq vE rrq'ri 

- - same tinie cthe voting Rigits AcL '" . -- voting Rights Acr thar the president is being.aqr.liva'

" As the civ-il rlghts leaders of the 1950s hnd 1960s .tent o-nly io blunt furthec criticism abou[ his indiffer'
can utt"rt. a iot oI blood. hard work and lives were ence to'blrcks. that he is fundamentally opposed to a
chiefly responsible for blacks obtaining what -should strong voting rights bill, as he is to civll rigbts in
have been iheirs at birth - the right'to vote. Illore-of g"neit. .: . - -'': ' ' .'.

lff,H",;-if,frf i?,,f,l,liil rf;iil"'\"":l;1"$fi 
r 

r.onic,nv. two-kev rs,,q:I' sr,.tngse 'qs't"i""L^ML^- ,'.raar.caarr i,.o.arin. 
-- ' ' .- forces are Sens. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah and Strom

beoelten blacks and the votin; , ' : 
. , i"rTno}[ *t]bl, .',-"iil'r.'i,,.il.e" or the hearinss on

: A series of Voting Rights Acs, 6ach made strong?t th; Vbiind nigt t Act. It they have their way, the
to fill rhe loopholes eiploited in earlier versions, finally current Iai miy be as protective of blacks'basic votingto fill the loopholes exploited in earlier verslons, tlnalty current Iaw may be as protective of blac1(;' Dastc votlng
madeirpossi'Uteformixtregisteredblackstovg!e-.^Qne .rights as a pairer strietA. The Rev. Jtjhn Nettles of
of the stiongest aspects of the curri:nt law, as of 1965, is Ainiston, nti., i ttact voting rights advocate, recently:
the provisio-n for direct federal action when necessary said a'"new' reign of terror" may rise if the act is

toji,eregi5teredblackvotersaccesstothe.pojlsweakened.
vit[out the-previous t"qui..",.nt of drawnout suiis by ",t';;;; 

"bservers 
mqu conrioer rhese fears 

"*.gg.r.
Norv'it is apparent that opponents of a 'strong iiili"-L".t,nrrrrrv in rhp.most resistani Southe

states, $:ho have esperienced, or remembered storiesi
of, t'oting tliscrirnination, often punctured u'ith vioi
lence, rvh-ich made a strong Voting Rights Act the onl-t;

." Even the current aet needed strengthening this,l

1'ear. largely because of a rece.nt U.S. Supremg C9u5t,l

iecision 
-thit recluires nrinorities to Prove intent 1o-l

discriminate in i'oting rights cases. Ttrat would'bel
difficult if the perpetrators of a discriminatory act kept

i As iooie N. Williams, president of the Joint Center
i - ro. bir"iti.-, i !;, il;-il- \iiitrin gt on, s rotrffirt lv ;;tt ir i.-efii-ffiossible and unfait standard, one that

Coniress nevei intended u'hea'it passed the'Vo-ting
Righis Acu in 1965 and. in sub:rrquent' !'ears"Thereforer
neii' legislation is required to make it-clear that t.oting

Jiscrim"ination can bi proval by evidence of discrimi'

I natory results-".-',: - l',':.- :-..tt -.." : ., 'li.--., '

i \lillirms and other ad"oiites got ttieir wish' T
House-passed bill, now in a Senate.committee, includ.es

a provision making it clear-thct'discriminatory resu

are enough proof of voter discrimination' :'-
There.appears to be substantial Senate suppgr!:

cosponsors thus fai, lor the slrong House'passed bill

But the future of a strong Voting Rights Act. t(
which the future of black voter equalit,'- is closely tied'uill 

depend on President Reagan. who said.in a recen
'television intervierv that he has problems \rith the bill'
bail-out section, and the proviSion that no longer
requires minorities to prove intent in. voting t-scrimi';naiinn crses. Both are too.strong for his tastes' Thus he

could veto the currently strong voting rights-bill or

Either choice cculd be destructive to the ciuil
rights mr.rvenrent. IL would be a. sad .return to a tragic
er:r of sociul injustice. For Anrerica, this is certainly not



DALI,AS, T'r!XAS

N Ii\I S

I,r10IlNTNG -
Suii.DIY ;-.

-___.1.,1;l.i 'r

275,BBO
376,90'o

iir,! li,1
. .'--r-' '"

I
)
t
!
I

I

Iyatt splits with Re
By George I(ucurpel delt Reagan's

AustlttBureiuolTheNeis cllts and for his
Votine Rishts A(

AUSTIN - Former U,S. Rcp. Joe Coi. Ujtt Cic
$/yait of Victoria launched.his bid suDDott extcDs
fcr a political comcback as a Repub, re{iires prior'lican \llednesday and inrmediCteJy Juit* b.purt
split lvith GbP leadcrs or a kcy ii. i;";ir;s.,
sue - cxtcnsioD of tbe_IIorirlg--.otherstatesco!

!{ighls Act. Ashcd about"*lvy.rtt,'40, rvas clectcrl to Con. ,#i'riirr, tr,n
gress as a Dc:nocrat in 1978, but did found party, Wy
nol sceli rc+icction oltcr hc wns ac- .,.11c govcg
cused of sexuaily assaulting a man Coigrcss, andiu Washington ancl later un- tliirik. is ccrta
derleut treatment for alcoholism nrorc'rcaliStiC ;
et the Bctltcsda Navall{ospital. rhan what js beThc Vicioria resirleui lost 70 utri pa",sseO tfrepounds and spent a year recuperat. ,.iin,i*ri ""
iT.Il::1:,ll:,disease.rvbichne said --'wyotiroto 

i,.almost kiticd lrirn. I{c said he now ,toi.Ji'trorr,f ,n,
l::.1,: ririuking problem under *ffii,*, o, o,- control.

rn an Ausrin rlevrs conrcrencc, :;:l?;rlTtr,:lT
yl:::,rl:,, i,l,_,h., p:q1..T I *09 ir,. ji,, i.. o.p,,srrccecdcd hirn, Bilt patman of. -- w;;; said RGanodo, for voting again.rt pres! rsth 6jriri.t, urn

ublieans on kry issue
and spending ria and a uumber of South Texas

counties, have been receptive to
bis party swirch. But he sairl he will
have to "prove myself" with them
because of his past problems. Wyatt
will be facing Gonzales accountant
Tom Ncwson in the il{ay primary
for thc right to run against patrnan
iu November.

lVyatt denicd auy homosexuol
activity and said most of his trou.
bles stcmnrcd from alcohol.

"Alcohol lcft me vulncrable to
uDsavory and untrue aliegations by
a corrupt coa artist wirich rvere

Nnm in a scniltiomltst l[tsl.
ir)gton ncwspapcr,', he said. ,,This
individual is a convicted criminal
who atlempted to extrac.! money
froin me after we had a cbanci
meeting at a lvashington bar and
lre bad come to my apartrD.ent.,,

. W1,att said tbe U-S. Attorney for
th,e Disirict of Columbia investi-
gatcd. the man's charges that henao Dcen scxually assaultcd and
r0und tbem to be,.without merit.,,

to cxtcnd the

and Reagan
of the act, which

I by the U.S.
nt of any election
Tcxas and tbosri
d by thc act.

is policy disagrec-
of his ncw.

docsrl't votc in
tirc presidcnt, I
rly supportitrg a

reo;-on0bJg DiJJ

g enllorsed and
House of ilcprc-

't think ftat
it difficult for
s to votd, but

g to clear any
lcction law wittr

t.
blicans in thc
incl:rdes Victo

Joc lyyatt
clected to Con.
gress in 197g as a
Democrat.



Voting Rlghts Act of 1965.

prove their case ln court?

plaintiffs must prove that tlrc architects of thar. Llabama city's tiF,t 5 1932

-"1,,, 

'
I

\What's Wrarig With 'Inten

IIIONTGOIIERY, Ala. (NEA) - "I can't belleve my voting ri$tts
any danger." That;s what a reporter heard a 2Gyear-old black say I

civ i1- r,i ghts marchers f iled past.
1'lre march - over 150 mllcs of hlghway to this former capital

Confederacy - was called to cxprcss support for two black worden

of voting fraud and to dcinonstratc the urgency of the tlght (or rent

lVho, after all; in 1932 rvould dare tamper rvith the most sacred r

American people - the {ree, unhampered exerclse of their franc
would priie iawsutts lor legal redress beyond the reach of

millioniires? Who would make it imposslble for the victims of racial

Ronald Rcagan, that's rvho,
The condltlons Set forth for the prestdenl's cndorsemcnt o(

1'lre act, rvhich provides (ederal overslght of the polltlcal process all or
parts of 22 states, rvas passed by Congress and signed into law by

iohnson after another march on lt{ontgomery U years .ago' I
portions of the act explre in August'

The young bystander may belleve - as do too many otltcr
that tlre rtght of racial and languagc mlnorltles to partlclpate

IIID 
-

tn the

democratii process ls flrnrly establlshed and beyond cltallenge' may
thlnk that the rhetorlc of the march's leaders was unnecessarily a

of tle
? who

but
to

Julian Bond
Syndicated Columnist

plalntills had been held to an "effects" test: It they could prove th.at an

ilecloral scheme produced discrlminatory results, the plan was illegal
under thc Votlng Rights Act

Thc Mobile plan was conccived before the turn of the century, and thc
'plainuf(s have not been able to demonstrate thc intent of its long'dead

iuthors. A slmilar case dccided on the "effects" test was reversed llve days
a(ter lhe lvlobilc rullng.

Derfner, a whitc lawyer from South Carolina who has bien involved in
voting-discriminatlon cases since the Voting Rights Act was passed, has

csumated tlrc cxpcnse of retrylng the lvlobtle case undcr the "lntent" tcst:

"6,000 hours for all lawyers plus 11,400 hours for cxpcrt wltncsses and

research asslstants and $120,000 in out-of-pockct costs for all parties not

counting attorneYs' fees."

I\{orcover, as a larvyer in the lrlobile case told Derfner, "riot only are such

events (as discriminatory intent) seldom documented nor are there any

survivors, but rvc do not even have a group feel for the ambiance or tenor ol

the times."

Another student of Southern politlcs, Sen. Russell Long, D'La., has also

criticlzcd the "intent" standard: "We used to have a saying in law school

thrt [hC roacl to hell was paved with good intentions, and that doesn't excuse
you lf you do somethlng that causes harm to other people. In this case, I don't
think thc test should be intcnt. I think the tcst should bc the results.'.

"II a law has thc effcct of denying people their rights or a practice has the

cffcct of ricnying people thcir right to vote, it should be stricken doln and

people bc protcctcd."
It's too bad llonald Reagan doesn't agree.

IIOI,iISTiAD, trL0nIDA
SOUTI.I DADE NEI'IS

IJEADER

EV[liIIrlG - 13,209

ln
as

the
icted

oI the

act's
at therenewal would rcmove the most etfectlve remcdy to discrim

ballot box.

Dcrfner callerJ the "intent" tcst unsound and unrvorkablc'

Reagan has proposed lhat "intent" "- rather than "effect" or "r
be the tcst loi proving voting discriminatlon. Thls rvould nullify
protection of racial and language mtnorities, because establishing
iime-consuming, prohlbitively expensivc and nearly lmpossible.

Tlrat's the opinton o( Armond Dcrfncr, dircctor of the Voting La
ProJcct ot thc Washlngton'based Jolnt Center,.rgl,,,-p,.9]lll$*1,,S-t,',

testimony bclorc the SJnate Jurlicla(P.tlffi fi1{il[[ib'ori ttid Cr'rii

Pollcy
es. In

act's
is

rvou.ld

this
5 SOnIC

ncd

black
-large

The administration's suggestlons for aitcring thc Votlng Rights
legitimize "extraordlnary" raclal discrlmlnation in tfe polittcal
ot 22 states. Derfner said.

Last year. the llouse of Reprcsentatlves overwhelmingly a roved
rencwal of the act. That measurc was lntroduced in the upper ch
January as Scnatc Blll 1992. Sponsored by 63 scltators, S.B. 1932

ncw Icrturcs to the lct r.rd reinstetes the "cffects" prlnclple that
voting-discrlnrlnation ca.qes until a littlc ovcr a year ai,,o.

In 1980, the U.S. Suprcme Court rulcd in j\Iobile vs. BtrlCrn t



{r1.,,, . 
"'.),," 

ff."'rrltrr, Jri.'
i 2 i'.tJ : -' ; -:e/'! ;'3 ;2: 3l_ 

^:' 
:'

' ..rj';ii.:c,/clr.b.C.2oOC5-

T1",., ), :,t L,.LL1 / ,)i,t"

| ,::

DETF.CIT, IIICHIChII

'P.EE 
t'Tphzo 

ts?.,.
!lcP,i:r].lG - 617;605
sul:Dp.Y -- 7t5,6>'l

TfS : rhe lVhite
House td;*ders'tht Gpi s hard'won gains

L.'. 
IN 1980, Ronald Reagan roae int6'6ffice ioutreach efforts and in briaging^the Repub'

.with ll percent of the 
-black vote and the llican convention to Detroit in 1980' a stull'

hofe, am'ong Republicans, that he would be lning symbolic gesture on the part of the

thC president who could finally crack the GOP that year. 
.

Democratic hold on black loyaliies. Seven- \ The'administration has also made it less
.teen mohths later, Republican strategists .likely that Republican netvcomers will be
'are agonizing over the party's eroding .ableio find the support among blacks that
-support among blacks and debating how to iofficeholders such as Ivlichigan's Gov. IHilli-
combat it id the coming congressional elec- -ken 

have managed to develop. That obvi'
tions. And Mr. Reaganl is the.man who ously makes the party less broadly based,
makes their task difficult. . 'less 

appealing to moderate white voters,

The president's apologisti insist he does and mbie lik_e the smug WASP caricature of

judgment and perceptions. As members of fold this year. But the White House sulely
any minbrity group can tell you, there are needs to think through the impact of future
plenty of times rvhen racism consists as policy proposals to avoid another such
much of insensitivity as of overt action. debacle as occurred with the flipflop on tax
You don't have to burn a cross to thwart exemptions.
blacks' full participation in American soci- -j l

ety; ignorance or willful blindrress to the ; The most important thing the president

peculiar predicament of blacks in this coun' could do' at the moment' is to express firm'

- rhe derection iate among the rew bracks y,tJ:lg,l'f*1ffi"r'&3'f}il,'H';"ff1
the GOP. has managed to capture. -.the pr'Uti. 6ffi.u accessi-ble to all citizens, but
Iatest poll shows the president with only a [ire presiaent's support for renewal has
seven-percent approval rating gmofB fi.enierceired as beiated and backhanded.
blacks - is also the result of the adminis'
tration's economic and budget policies. :Yet this White House needs in every
Blacks were hit first and hardest by this way possible to let blacks know their.
stubborn, severe recession, and they are concerns are not being ignored, and not
peculiarly vulnerable to the cutbacks in simply for partisan political reasons. For a
CETA, job training, compensatory educa' prqsideni or a major party to be perceived
tion and social vrelfare programs as unconcerned with simple justice and

In a short time, therefore, the adminis- economic opportunit-v for a sizable number
tratioir. has managed to squander many of ' of Americansismean-spiritied,divisiveand

.the gains made by"such paity leaders as Sitt darhaging to the countrv at large. en-d lgPrnrL fnrrirpr Ppnrrhlinan natinnat nhnir- nnd rpetizps thAt rnore than thoughtful



NCi?I3T07N , PEi:NA.
TIi,tES I{ERALD

EVENTNG - 71,60e

Nov 1 ? lsBi
.'b*a. . '.- i'.'tx" '-;

{ , R,EAGAN ON iI vorlNc RIGHTS i
I rur SPECIFICS OF President I

I Rurgrn't announceC support of the J

t#mffi';i::;;t.'::;.1,'';l

(

of the Southern Regional Couneil, Ste''
veri Suitts, may not be far off base in

&.^
'"grn

s..1
"r4,,0 

/ g 
/g€?

measure nolv appears to have hard'
' engd, prompting a coalition of groups

which favor the law essentially in its
'pfesent.form to saY in a statement
that thi President has "proposed an

' empty shell of what has been the most
effective civil rights law of this

This ls not a arge.

. twri important- points, :Mr. Reagan
says he 'approves 

: of amendments
which u'ould weaken the bill passed

'.by"the.House and now facing Senate

' At present nine states and portions
of 13 ,others with Poor .records. on

vofing rights must submit proposed

election law changes to the Justice
Department .or a federa[. court. The

President sa1's he rvould support "rea'
' sonable" 

.provisions whereby states'
and localities could exemPt them'
selves from ttris requir'ement. '. -' ..i ]

The trouble with this formulationis .

that "reasonable" can be variouslyin-
terpreted. The House bill's supporters
may be right in fearing that the result
would be to make it easier to get out'
of the pre-clearance obligation which'
has been a mainstaY of the larv.

Equally troubling is President R-ea'

- gan's support of a requirement that
intention to discriminate be istab'
lished in civil suits charging- the de'
nial of voting rights. The House bill
provides that those filing such suits.l
rnust merely show a discriminatory I

effect, not malign intent. That is ipreferable . -:---.-r_ 1

(



l-
+

TULSA '
T'ORLD

O'(L liil0l;iA. - . .

FEB 1 4 tgYZ

rtonnruo 
'- ]-2], ,7 65

luironv -- 210, 711

.- oN AUGUST 
-0, 

tggs, president
Lyndon Johnson signed the Voting
Rights Act, guaranteeing-black
Americans' right to' participate
fully in the'political liJe of this
country. -i -". -
' The law was hotly contested
and long debated. And the final
Senate vote fell largely.along re-

both of its U.S. senators, IvIike
Illonroney and Fred Harris, voted
in favor of the act.

Rona-ld Reagan, then governor
of California, said he sqpported
the goals of the act, but opposed
theactitself. . :..i.

Much has changed since 1965.
Or has it? i

The Voting Rights Act is riow
up for renewal and debate on the
bill will again be heated.

Ronald Reagan, opponent df: the bitl 17 years ago, is now a
supporter of the law. The presi-

1' dent'declared in his State of the
Union address that he .'strongly
supports" the proposed 1O-year'extension of the bill. ,:

- Strom Tburmond, the lone Re-

publican to vote against the bill in
1965, is now the chairman of the

' Sen;'.te Judiciary Committee. In
that position,,he is trying hard to
scuttle.renewal of an effective

. tion was most acute. One provi-
sion required southern states to
get "pre-clearance" from the Jus-
tice Departrnent before altering
their local election systems. The
object was to make sure blacks'
voting rights were not stymied

. through legal subterfuge. :

Thurmond now wants pre-
clearance to apply to all states.
On its face, this seems to be a
push for equal treatment, but, in

. fact, it is a bid to gut the act by
..'over-burdening the Justice De-
. partment's enforcement capabili-
',ties. :.:

- ';:, The Voting Rights Act should
.-be extended, and Thurmondls
gimrnic\ry rejected.



Iit cKEli3ACK, N. J.
P.ECORD

Ev:llrtlc - 154,e27
gui,lD-AY -- 2L8,3O2

JAH 3 r l9S2
^...^'

i,T'he Voiimg ffiights Acfi
i...':'..':....ji.',.:.'..,.....,."1:l-.
t

i .- ' Presiddnt Reagan'S recent deeision to grint
tax breaks to racist schools caused such a stir
tbat the embarrassed president had to backpe-:
dal on the'issue. Las[ week, the White House
came fotard with its long.3s'xited position on
the Voting Rights Act -'lpnd not surprisingly,'
the civit-rights communitl,-is up in arms again.;
. Th'e Voting Rights Aet'probably the rno'st

effective piece of civil-rights legislation ever
passed, has been an important tool - in symbol
and in substance - for the black community.
Congress passed t, ,n ,r65,:at the height of the
nation's civil-rights struggie. Since then, it has-
atl but eliminated outright racial discrimination
at the polls and encouriged more minority peo-
ple to vote. Consider Illississippi, for example,
where only 6 percent of the state's eligible black'
voters were registered in 1964 and no black held:
state ofEce. Today, thanks to the Voting Rights;

ple are registered and there dre nearly 400
black offceholders - more than in any other
state. : - ,.'-

Twice' the act has been extended and
strengthened with broad, bipartisan congres-
sional support. It now includes protections for
Hispanic voters. The act expires this year, and
Congress is considering a 10-year extension
along with additional provisions to help the De,
partment of Justice enforce it better. The House

: has already passed the measure overwhelming-
ly - by a vote389-24; the Senate version has 62.
cosPonsors.

,- Despite this remarkably strong support, At-
torney-General William French Smith'said in
Senate testimony last week that the administra-
tion wilt oppose strengthening the law. Mr.:
Smith objects in particular to a provision that
requires local officials to show that their voting
rules are nondiscriminatory when minority vot-
er turnout in thiir jurisdiction is extremely low.
The administration believes that the burden of
proof in such cases should rest with the voters
challenging the law (even though they may be
very poor and easily intimidated people) - not
the state and local officials who control the elec-
tion. The administration argues that it's unfair
for the government to presume that municipal-
ities discriminate simply because blacks there
don't vote.

The bill passed by the House would trigger
'a governmeit investigation of certain patterns
of low'voter turnout, to determine whether the
turnout was happenstance or the result of inter-
ference.in the polling place. Without that trig-

' .ger, the Department of Justice will act only' .wheir citizens bring proof of blatant discrimini-
tion. It won't go out and find it on its o!y.E; . :'

:;-- i; President Reagan, who once said he op
. posed extending the Voting Rig[ts Act, has since

made conflicting statements. His most recent
statement suggests that he supports the,weaker

'. version advocated by IvIr. Smitb. That is not
consistent rritb a bommitment to the broadest
possible exercise of the franchise. Like his waf-
fll.ig on'tax. eremp tions for segregated schools,

. Mr. Reagan's ambivalence about the Voting
Rights Act will be seen for what it is - not for
what he would have us beiieve. - - - : ...



d -_-_v, _..e.

l./Ast{r siqTo}r, D.C. 2ooo3

DEi,IVER, COLORADO
PosT,...

EvENill[N -3 9rJ*t;,
SUNDAY ,'- 34L,LOr

il,consmrc em
i-

\
\



Sronl
Pono

Edit
Pogo

Olhof
Pogo

illlt'3;,lklllo"

Btillr-&
JUN r 31981

-,\
member dlstrlcts to at-large elet-' the Voting Btghts Act.
tlons and annexatlon. - ' WttU tG or-ooensltv for cuttinp
. Another.po.lposed change tn the soiiit ti} iiu6n 

-"Gea--aiffii;
law would allow cldes and coun- ltng blac[s and other mlnoriti6s
fles wlth "clean records,, on ra'- en-ter lnto the mainsteam- oi
clal. voter dlscrtmlnatlon sn ex- Amerlcan llfe. tt can Ue 

-rrt t, .

emptlon fiom preclearance. . , .assluned that'the Beagan A-dmi-
However, cltles and countles- nistratlon will not stop until the

wlth records of voter raclal dis- law has been gutted chapter and
crlmlnatlon would still have to
obtaln Federal approval before
maklng any changes In tbe elec-:
toral procedure.

Even morc dlsturblng ls the
proposal to. allow the preclear-
ance requlrement to explre lnl
1982, especlally In vlew of the
fact that the U. S. Supreme Court
has recently ruled that a dlsulm-
lnatory effect, wlthout a dlscrlmi-
natory pur?ose, does not consti-
tute a".vlolaflon of the Constitu-
tion.. '1-. \
It would be foolhardy and

politically naive to assurie that
the Reagan Adminlstratlon would
stop at the proposed changes in

verse. .

. Agaln, lt falls the backs of na-
flonal black legislators and clvil
rlghts leaders to take up the cud-
gel and battle the White House to
keep thls vital social legislation
lntact.
' It will not do to stt ldly by and
watch the labor of so many good
men and women, both black and
white, go by the wayside to satis-
fy the racist notlon of "federal-
lsm and states' rights."

The Voting Rtgths Act of 1965 ls
the single most piece of legisla-
tion in t}lls century to bring pari-
ty to the polllng place.

a:-, rrJ &D5. r,rulrz.x, vr,rJrrr-r.:.r,i ., na, Georgla, Ioulslana, Misslsslp, Clflng .,Iederrllsm'and states' , pl, South Carollna, Texas :'and
' rlghts", the Beagan .fi,dmlnlsts-': Vlrglnla-must obtaln approval
flon ls honlng lts knile to emacu- , from th6 Jusflce Department or
latq the-1965 Votlng Rlghts Act. .,j,ffi;rh.;f i* l*,Fffm,rh:*i cardiss on'
$:'*tr,i';i$il1 1':""#lI. Capi to t H i t tIt was Dr. Xlng who took thlsf-t - -l
vlgoms but unpopirlar proposal to,qiffivlgoms.but_unpopilal nrgnosa[ Jo qiffi
tire lvhlte House and ::L91q"{ if"rnn-Oi-ol-O. e.-ftf;r;ilffi;!
lap of then Pre.sldent l,vn{ol B-- , 

"ni.d;.,i,; nnoGt-q"r-Uiici-
Jolms.ogr,.the.wlly fex11-whq 1! , ffi,s-or;ft,tj", p.o.uir-rIu --
a. teststator.tn-th-e Hous^e,q! F ;) iu ffii-lrrii-iilirio, por-
the.senate,.had shown }ltqe.Ecll,;i:ii'uo-ni oiii ouref itatlJ rn variousn{on q' advanclng qtl-tl lq!.qri ili[iiihe, counry. 

- -- -- *
The Act.cleared thg--Ily !9Ii l-TiiiJp;oieii ts "tnor,,f as .,pre-

mllllons ot lack Amertcans. ,gl? ,, cteurante;;. and- apiiHio 'the
wlthout feat of reprlsal. -," ' d;6;t.d states and &reas no

" 
the voUns Rlghts Act ls sch-ed--..;;ffi ilw- mrnor-a cfiE t"

uled to explre next year arid lf the electoral process ls.
the Reagan l{hlte House has lts rl, The Reagan Adminlstratlon
way, the law rvlll not be extended. proposes to tlmlt* tbe preelear-
l,n lts present form. : ance requlrcment tn the redis.

Under Secdon 5 ol the law, nlne trlctlng of a state or polltlcal sub-
states-Alabama. Alaska, Mzo-. divsllori and in charUlng single-



/-
L,

CHICACO, ILLINOTS
TRIBUNE

on

Jackson spoke before an overfiowlaudi_
against them in 1g82," and .,tirit te

, ence -of 
.2,000 persons .du

. annrral h^1:^--t- --
:1". ,", '1,.uur 

-persons during the. l0th
1ll91l national convention oi Ooeration111tg:r nauonat conventi-on of Operation
PUSH .(People United td Save fir."ni-

'.ll];^,h",d at rhe Hyatr R";;"y A'iG;,'Hotel.

''The.63 Democrats, mostiv Souther-ly Souther-,.ners, who, votecl withiiir. n"Jiilrilani'ri

, would withdraw federat legal protection
from the South by opposing ttre t965 Vot:ing Rights Act in its present or
strengthened form."; .

:.. The Voting Rights Act, which save tens
, of. thousands of blacks in the South ihe
, lpPortunitX to vote, .will expire next April6 unles Congress votes to exter.d'it.



'. r-l!..
'f-

-i:a--!--

.':-'-
a-
;,

WASHIi-lCToN, D.L.
STAR

DArtY - 742,760
suNDAY - 7t5'860

JUI r 1 BatC,,,
,I

\

, l'irl*ifuffi is{+ ii;.v""#iiJ,J""t:? 
I

: MITCHELL '':l*i would dilute tne en' i

; tivenessortn" rlis rrr. n,,,lil,!i3r!5t 
and 

rerrec- 
I

: *i'"1,r::,;iiJ?"l *f t 
!e 

d,ute ,0. .n"J,l?'J j

Ir,i'd,'i,rr:i::ti.i,:lixff ;t}i:r,11'',?3:11,ff iltotd reporlers ne ravoreo-Ij;rd; il; jfiiffiij ientire natjon. Key provrsrons of the act u*#I Inext year, and sonie in_emueii'rrton;;#';J;li; 
Iposing rhat eirher these provisioilii;;iJ;;

;: x il#, r,.i, ? xl.. H:[f,ii;:H*T:.ixrlx",l:i Ienforcement-woutd become i*piri,uri'ii'eriol) Istate was included. --- -..'rveu.s.w .r svErJ 
I

. The caucus, Ivlitchell said, represents 327 biack IIegislators in ,14 stare
;"r".'r"#;';"'j'.'""d:::fir-l'riiir, jt;.f i?:rr,.ili-l

He said Reagan agreed.to set up a task force _lmade up of memberi oJ the admiriirtr,l,riir"r.r",i -l

;?:r?"* 
to address ti,. rr:o.'conil;;;?iii: 

I
.The ca.ucus committee presented the Dresident I

f l'L f il',":#J,:f":",X 1i?H,Xiltli.,,H 
I

F:+l!:"f im.;**[#f1T:1iH*:'i=,,to any apartheid gore.nrints. - "rr"".""^/l

:i .ii:r:rlil :::,iiq

i.i.ri:il:I,



Vgtipg Itights Act: Key Sections Threatenecl
tidr l):rrt.s of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the most

rrrrr.irt:rrrl g,it'ct'of civil rights legislation ever enacted by
',,ng rr'ss. rvill e ,t pire in August, 1982' if not renes'ed- Battle-

irrrr,r !1ro lrt,ing rlra$'n over the most controvcrsial provisions
of r lr,. .,\ ct. 'l'hc ccnter of thc debate is Section 5 rvh ich requires
lrr.;rs th:rt h:tvc' a history of voter discrimination to get
;rr,.clcarancc fronr thcJustice Department before any changes
can lrc nr;rrlc in election procedures (see April Alcrt). Special
bilinfual voter assistance is another provision that stirs
controversy in states with a Iarge number of Hispanic volers.

Thc ACLU strongly supports the bill introduced by Rep.
Petcr Rodino (D-NJ), H.R. 3f 12, and its Senate counterpart,
S. 295, sponsored by Sens. Edu'ard Kennedy (D-NIA) and
Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. (R-lt{D). These bills rvould retain
all the important features of the current Act: Justice Depart-
ment preclearance of changes in voting lau's or procedures in
the South or other areas with a history of voter discrimination;
er:tension of the bilingual provisions; and an amendment
rvhich u'ould clarify the burden of proof in voter discrimi-
nation cases. This Iast provision is essential because ofa 1g80
Supreme Court decision, Mobile a. Bolden, *'hich threrv the
burden on the plaintiff to prove that a voting procedure u'as
designed intcntionally to further racial discriminaticn.

Other proposals have been discussed by representatives
u'ho u'ant to take a "compromise" position. For instance, Rep.

Ilenry Hl'de (R-lL) introducerr (lrut tatr.r rr.ithrrrc*') a r)ro-posal to change the preclearancc grr,r.isitr. sr-, that thc burtl.n
of proof *'oulrl be shifted.to.thc c.rrlrr:rirring party. Thc nt,t
effect of such a "comprom ise" coultl 1,.. t,, *.,ri,,u*l.v u'ntler nr i rrevoting rights.

The Reagan Administration is nrrt t:ikirrg a rc:rrrcrshi;r
position in the voting Rights Actrrt.lr;rte . Irr 1,rrr;rtr. rn.t,tings.
President Reegan hassuggested clr:trr;,irrg ti,,,r\,.t .,r it r''rlrl
apply nationrr'ide. (This p.lan has alrv:tj.s 1,,.,.^ !r.,.,t l,).rl,l*r.
nents of the Aci as a not-so-subtle u.*.v,,f krllrr:g,,t. fn..
Administration does not yet have a f.rrrr:rl 1r.rit..\' ,rn r.(,rrni(
rights, but seems to be leaning in thc tlirt.c..i9rr,,f .h",,g,.',
u'hich u'ould significantly rveaken the Act.

The House Judiciary Committee is takilx rlrr. l,.r,l in
moving the extension bill forn'ard. The Sulrt.t,nr.riu.,.r. .rr
Civil and Constitutional Rights, under Ch:rirrrr:rn I),,n l.l,t.
wards (D-CA), began hearings in early I{ay, at 11.hir.h rlrc
'ACLU testified. These hearings will continuc on rlirorrxh Ilrr,
end of June, rvith field hearings in Montgonrerl.. ril;rlr:rrn:r.
and Austin, Texas. The Subcommittee plans lo complcte rvrirL
on the b:ll byJuly 10. The more conservative Senatt h;r.s not
yet taken any significant action. The extension bill rvill f;rce :r
tough battle in the Senate Judieiary Committee, n'hcrt.
Chairman Strom Thurmond (R-SC) is a vocal opponent of rhr.
Act.

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"Ifuman Life Statute" Under Fire From AII Directions
$ .t sharp division is grorving among anti-abortion forces/ruover support of the "Human Life Statute," introduced by Sens.

of S. 158 declares that human life begins at the moment of
conception. By redefining the constitutional nreaning of
"person" to include the unborn fetus, Congress could ore.turn
the 1973 Supreme Court decision, Roe u. Wade, without going
through the long constitutional amendment process. A simple
majority in Congress could deny women their constitutional
right to abortion. Some "pro-life" groups and individuals,
horvever, are having second thoughts about this approach to
banning abortion.

S. 158 received a severe blorv rvhen the general counsel for
the U.S. Catholic Conference termed the bill "utterly unrea-
listic." The Catholic bishops prefer the constitutional amend-
ment process as a slower, but ultimately more porverful,
vehicle to deny abortion rights. They fear that S. 158 would be
declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court and, even if
allou'ed to stand, u,ould be continually subject to amendr:rent.
They know that Congress is sensitive to political winds, and
could easily repeal the measure rvhen the pendulum sw.ings
Ieft. They also r,.crrgni:le the danceroLrq :,r."ne.lo-rt lL'"-1 iq qo.

turn Supreme Court rulings by simply redefiningsuch terms
as "person" or "human life."

the bill is patently unconstituiional. Harvard larv professor
and former Watergate special prosecutor, Archibald Cox,
told a Senate subcommittee at recent hearings that the bill is a
radical and dangerous attack on the U.S. system. He noted
that "the very function of Constitution and court is to put
individual liberties beyond the reach of both congressional
majorities and popular clamor."

Not only legal scholars have grave doubts about a constitu-
tional declaration that life begins at conception. In early June
the American Medical Association decided to testify against
the Iegislation, noting that there is no scientific consensus on
when life begins. Doctors fear the confusion that would result
if two legal entiiies exist in the same body. The National
Academy of Sciences has also added its voice to those opposing
the statute.

In the face of all this pou.erful opposition, rvhy is Sen. John
East (R-NC) forging ahead q'ith the bill in his Subcommittee
on Separation of Powers? There is a sense among the New
Pi-Lt c ..'.ra --'''nn+ int'n,.tf:^^;. 'Lo l^l+ .,rr,,,lin, 'i..-' iL .''



O'L L

Ir l-r-iiL I

tmR
,o33

Yotirrg Rig
Blacks B f fteagan 0n

ts, Fbdei.rlisrrr

I tgg?

n of 15 Black electeci
rtly met rr.ith Pr-esi-
at the lVhite llouse

ervations about
control of some 40
rrls." t'We lir.e irt a
the neu, ferleralism
ars hearlecl ton'axl
tcher saitl. "We

election ryas cluc to the enactmeni

!:frr

iTit
.:Llt Garf }lar

said that h

'ollecl prograrns.
r Richarcl Hatcher.

Presirlent t
exprcssed to the

delegation hacl

of'the lau', and in the evenl thc
]itu' u'as not extendecl, she coulcl
Iose her seat.

The delegatiorr reyrresente<l the
Natiolral Black Caircus of local
electecl officials, the National
Confelence of Black I\Ia1.ors, anrl
the National Associatiori of Iilack
Countl' Officials. The meetine.
\vas al'l'iurged b.r, White lloust
airle Stephen Rhorlcs as a nleal)s
of having the Plesiclent ansu'er.
rques.[ions from a gl.oup ,,1.e1)re-

selltlng evcl'y electeti Iilack of_fico' in the nation." A snafu
devcloperl later. outside of the
White Housc rthen Fulton
Countl' (Ga.) Comrnissioner.
Chuck Williams told the press
thaL the arlministlation n,oulcl
support "any voting lights act,,,

A delegaLi
officials lecc
rlent Iieagar
and urgecl
stlong Voti
make sule
prograrir has
prevenL rnitrr
from being r

and citl' rr.,nt

".sel'ious
states gairrin
fetleral- nroc"r
real u'or:kl anr
bluelrrint ap
passage,"
wanted to he
tr,r.rulcl take."

Mayrtr IIutc

.hat he support a
g_ Rights Act anrl
hat his feder.alism
sonre safeguarcls to
rities arrd the noor.
xcluded frorn itate

shirpe the form it
Albany (G

sioner trIar1'f
.) C^,ty Conrnris- inctiraingo,16.".uiitil;;;;;eJ;y

ng f<rcused on the the Houie.lmllortance o
,t1i;' til ;?, *" -*ixf, i: . - ilu ;n lo i I 

:"". #:X, ll I. ::, : rl:;:for extcnsion ghts saiid the President, tvas suplrort-Act. In explai i|liq, she niired-her. int, ti; Ia;;;;, ;;, i1;; 6,;ti;.
Afier Rtoaan tr
lbxl, F'ul'tort (' i,lii,fi,(';:i3',',;,i{!,':',;:li:,!i;i,!,':;i*{io,if |,1,!i,t,o,!,','t:;,i:i:::;y,

cr.hoId. prcss cottfcrcrrcc outskla the etc<ltttiuit t,,uniiurr. 
-'

/,./""R1$
(**'*
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rIr,lES rlARl3 lggz

I.lOPIIII.]G
SLIitPgY

54,5q4
59, 148

S/Commentary

rlf he bedrock of progress in Am

f ca's quest for a fully democr
B system of government has t Reagan

DAUID CAmfiilT'ffiifl

expansion of the franchise.
no area of civil rights policy has
more vital tha
lation. Without
to vote, the ability to influence
lation and protect other rights is i
evitably imperilled. Nfost debata
then, are the positions President
gan and others rrithin his administr
tion have taken on the renewal of
Voting Rights Act of 1965.

President Reagan originally wa
cd to extend the act, now applica'
in portions of 22 states, to all
states, aud he only reluctantly a
mitted that this would drastically <

lute the available enforcement m
chinery and curtail the cf
of the legislation.

The critical debate, however,
over the Ianguage in the act actual
defining discrimination, The I
has passed tough language speci
that a discriminatory "effect" in
ing plans woukl be sutficient for
showing of unconstitutionality. I
den[ Reagan and the Department
Justice, however, immediately r

posed this proposed new wording
the act. They wrongly charge that
House bill intends to mandate pro
tional representation lor blacks
in any given electoral district,
they argue that civil rights
should have to show an actual
tent" to dibcriminate. The Senate
yet to speak on the issue.

The question, simply put, is whet
er the voting rights law is to ha
ntaxirnunr effectiveness. If the I

fcct" of a given vote plan is to dr
minority voters equal protection
election laws, should not a rac
neutral voting systern be
In the past some states and
went to great lengths to deprive
citizens of voting rights by means
literacy tests, poll taxes, grandfa
clauscs, legislative appointment
tems, and at-large districLs.

Consider the situation in Da
County, Ala., which although
black, has not elected a black
official since 1875. Between 187i
l$01 Dallas County oflicials
appointed by the state legislat
Since l90l an at-large system
been usetl to avoid the creation of
tain "sa[e districts" for blacks
would rcsult in some black

And Civil
rtights(II)

easler. .,.;

And what of at-large voting sys-
tems adopted in local referenda such
as that presently in force iu Jackson,
Irliss.? How will it be possible to
prove that the "intent" of all those
wtro voted lor this system was to dis-
criminate? Might not supp,orters of
the atJarge plan claim that the very
thought of inquiring lnto their "in-
tent" would violatc the seerecy of
their ballots?

In the discussion thus far this year
over the renewal of the Voting Rights

'. Act President Reagan had an opport-
nity to send positive signals. to the
black community concerning his com-
mitment to civil rights, he has not

. done so. The same can be said of his
appointments in the civil rights area,

. several of which, have come under

. heavy fire.
There is no rnore important civil

rights body in the United States than
. the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights.

It is generally assumed that the head.
of this agency should be fully com-
'mited to the cause of racial equality.
Nonetheless, about six months into his
first year President Reagan decided
to narne Clarence Pendleton, who op.
poses both affirmative action and
busing, as a replacement for the cur-
rent chairman of the Commission, Ar-
thur Flemming.

Flemming had been lrcld enough to
criticize the Reagan adrninistration
for what he considered "civil rights
rctrenchment" in testimony last June
bcfore the House, Subconrmittee on
Civil and Constitutional Rights, and
his replacenrent has been character-
ized as a reprisal. Such a rcmoval is
entirely unprecedented. Presidents do ,

not normally choose their own Civil
Riglrts Cornnrission heads. Flemming.
a Nixon appointee, is the first corn-
missioner in the entire 2{-year his-
tory of thc agency, in fact, to be re'
moved lrom office, other than by vol-
untary resignation.

A month ag'1, Prcsitlent ll,oagan an-

nounced a second appoinLment to the
sarne Civil Rights Commission, and it
quickly proved as controversial as the
first. The nominee was the Rev. Sa-
muel Hart, a religious broadcaster in
Philadelphia shose nomination was
supported by the Moral Majority,
Sens. Strom Thurmond and Roger
Jepsen, and by Rep. Trent Lott, who
also played a key role in the recent
debacle over tar+xempt status for
religious schools that discriminate.
The day after the appointment was
announced, Hart held a news conler-
ence and made statements which
prompted Sen. John Heinz of his own
state to remark: "It does not appear
that Rev- Hart is an advocate for civil
rlghts as most people understand the
term.".Two weeks ago, after a good
deal of public criticism, President
Reagan withdrew the Hart nomi-
nation.

As controversial as these appoint-
' menLs was President Reagan's deci-

sion to name William Bell as the new
head of the Equal Employment Op-
portunity Commission which is
responsible lor enforcing federal laws
prohibiting job discrimioation. As nu.
merous critics remaqked, Bell had no
legal experience, no civil rights

. experience, and no business or ad-
mioistrative experience on a par with
what would be reguired of the head of
an agency with 3,000 employees and a
f l00 million budget.

The Bell nomination was in trouble
in the Senate Labor and Human Re-
sources Comm.ittee for precisely
these reasons, and in early February
the President announced that instead
of Bell the appointment would go to
Clarence Thomas, currently Assistant
Secretary for Civil Rights in the De
partment of Education. As a graduate
of the Yale taw School currently in-
volved in the iavestigation of segre-
gation at state universities, Thomas is
generally considered a better choice
than Bell.

Jrlr the county. I)roving an .,inl.ent"
0hx:rintinatc in a law going back
l$01 m.iglrt rvell be difliEult,'icquirir
tttc tcstimony (,f historians. proving
dr'icriminatory .,eflecl;; *.ould brr i

Perhaps the mobilization of public
opinioo against the Hart and Bell ap
pointments, and tbe withdrawal of
these nominations, signals that the
President has locused on thu discre.
pancies between his staternents and
his actions in the area of i;, ,.ii rights.
This is a welcome developnr€nt. I!
should not rcquire a ground-swell of
public criticism to produce accept-
able appointments in the.clvil rights
area. Furthermore, no president ,

should hrve to rcassure thc nation
that he is opposc'tl with overy fiber of .

his being to discrimination.
Dr. Corrithers is AdolPh S. Ochs

Prolessor of Gouerantcnt at UTC.



.(,

!),, r, J!,; 
" 
!!;7 ",,,", Jlns,

wAsHtNSTON. D.C. 20005 ,
% rro"ffi

Foqs:.. Pocc Paoa lv

BCSToN , I,lA3S.
GLOBE

IicRNINC - 482,578
SUNDAY - 694, ?11

i\1i\R 2 1982

.-l

I

iif tgg"g vot;ng shreld for blacks? The outcomo depends 
"" ir"g""

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shiel

Int*;tljql'41rli*,11,* 5lf##,"**m+li*"*tl 
- 

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!)r t : : -)!,, ! 
" 
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\'.'a511 TNCTON. O.C. 200C5

Frc;r! Edit Oihcr
rcgs - rcgo rogc

ii0JST0N, TixAs
cir.30ii I cIrE

E1"'E:,:i:\iG - 339,57'
q?!r,rliv _ tiDa AoL.rr, . a .

,fro ol
Lrr*il o1$anizations'angerad by Reagan delay on Vo_ling Rights fuf

JAN 2 0 rgsz

r'[Shfs
ilY JUDY W[I,-SSLI:tt
Chronicle \1'ashing'lorr gurcau. . ..

. 
'tt'..tStilfCfC)N 

- 
'fhe Re;rgan adrnin.

f,f.o.rlf, . lr]fagr.rl," arrangcd with i
lir'P1;l;11r',r,n seuitr,r to delay hearineJ on

irlr;rtron. irl a rn.\(| ,ti,,t i.+i'?li:li.u,i,i,
lfoups "(,ulragr.cl,'' arranCed u.ith a ;i; il rill,[ii.',i.i,'tu'o 

"u 
rr. rr,rk. ill'ii1,:,,T,liilll,$rlii.i:i.rJl::;JiH , 

,,,:HI1)'S:,1::1..tttntunic:rling.on a daily hasis" rvith lrinqritycitizcns..' rvlriclr would makc it'easier tdpmve Theactcoversall ofTcxas.
()l scnatols rryho arc co-spottsoring the ; ..The"Reasan aflnrinistration plea for violations of the law.
tse ver.siott otthc bill. and he knows of ' q.t.tiri^,,.r riX^ r^ crrrrnrir taaierr{l^. io.^ Tho main conrian ^t rho hitl r'hinh Rcaran rrants litisants I

r" l'rt:):t(:,;tn scult()r to delay hcarines
lrlr-'\r.tino Rights Atl that r+.cre foX,p'cre to'have

Hil#-Ti:"1iHll;ilJfil;tritff ;i{t$t+n";y,;rmru";'**t#,$1"rl"*-+#l,;1i1frff ,,mfr,:iFjrn,q,J"riliri.* rdEjit,,frllfiitfi,Irul,cg,rn t.rla.v.
S+n. ()rrin G. tlatch. R-Utah, chairman t introduce that legislation. letu_r1,s ltqry ii. {eqlfnd ilg i mere se'ven mofrttis Uefore e*piia- btoi:k discriminatory electoial changes. House bill supported bv civil-ri

Senalc Judiciary Comrnil.tee, g..rt.U iii.;r(tmlnlstralion's reouest for-lhp dplav
scheduled for Tuesday.

Thc leadership conference, $,hich has
has already elapsed in which the adminis-
tration has failed to submit a bill."

House bill. Previously.
extension periodically.

it has required, electoral svsterlt
' t'

I

enough to have an
larved.;rrrnlnlsrallon's request for the delay

l uesoaJ'.
A leading civil richr-s ErollD. in a tolo_civil righr-s grorrp, in a tele-

has been much rnisunder.rtanflipg u5ou1.
it, this is an issue that shouid be aildre..;s-
ed after Conqrcs;s returns and ai'lcr the
presidcrit delivc.rs his State of ttre Union
address. "

Asked whether that mcant presiCent
Reagan r','ould rlr:cuss the act in his State
0f tlx: l riiolt !iu.r'ch. Wil:ion said lrc riirl
ttot krtou'.

. Sorrrc ollscrvlrs spx:cul;rhd the ;rdmin-
tstt'aliun is tnirig lo bu.y tinrc to lrrre
sup;nrt. ;xrssibll,, frorn sorne Dentrx'rtrtic
sen;rtrrr..: au'lrv lilm thr, Ilotrsc-p:rsscd
bill :ind lo sonir. vcr.sion of an extr.nsior

'ram t0 Hatch, saidlr u,ai .,r.ri:t.raged', 
bv;t Irstlnrrlnrent. Urit Stevc l\Iirliman-,

i: ai,ie t:r Halch. siiii the actav ivrl bJ
';- citil'lr.eek. irrrh llre hearirigs opcn-
:t' ,l?n.2?.
il: lr i1 ,; .rif rrrr r:rlr,r,; siricl lhc admini.s-' ;rr:-,,. i,.rrl ;r:,kr.rl lrrr t.xtr;t tinte trr'' r .. :) tl . (r)\n vr n.i,,it ,r[a brll to CXterrd' \,,irr1c IirL:lits l,i Thp rrdministra_
',i i,irl\)\0:' lt \'r.rsi.li of lhC t,itenSirrtt;ii tllri plrs':r,d ll,t' Il, .,:o overrr.tretrnii,g_

,' ttr ()r:l,rllr,;'



\>g|

lr,"::,
HINGTON. D.C.
Edit Orhor
Pago Pogc

KI'IOXVfLLE, TE
JOURNAL

57,
1

Front
Pogo

98I'lG -
FEB

!10ailI

flr-'
&'r' I

'1.
t

ori
ri

Presiiient:
toward a neo
-of .gxtensign
Pqts of which
Ypar. i':r.;1^ '.

' . As the,.bill.
last yeaq:
it after-.being
from the W
Staffg'r:.1rri,.

r 'lrnr'

The bill in
House by :i
the Senate w
SOfS. I :rst'i
key prov
ception to

: :'The,IIouse
tion requiring
s-includihg
lyn, to ieceive
changes' ih'V
guilty of di

from this
efforts to.e
ministratibn

were
nate; the
sider the
sages, such: as
time,.thor
tion of a
fear

been a'staunch
berdid hisaays

broaden-
the:one'hand
conservatives-
Helms orithe
. Predictqbly,
Kennedy used r

Reagan's pr

bate of the:l
of Arnericani
such a
seems yorth a

sists, . 'r '..."..1,

i. Neitherldotr
date, to be
There is a
pending bill,
pen for the.
.Senatc to pn ih



Ir*fifr:-ffir.,a-/i---

l':i:!{-'

riiiilriiE:
it r f; tiilra:r'r. r' 1 i r1J
f'J ' "..:r!.!ii:.1;: A ':,,

!i:: ':'"l&.I1:. .

thistoly of .the South was
.construction era, a purgal
;cadE'diiring which the Olrt

:gracy was harassed and
;atedt b5r'' federal policies
:bVrrYffi etut Northern, i
Oddiirr"i, 

- 
Recons truc tioru

,;in 1877, but its spirit lives or

.,;.i..

what it,considered'to be a su$-
cient number of its own members
tq a governing body in an unham-
pered electoral procesq'it could
rely upon the courts to award it.a
proportional share.,,..',

, ' I;, the senator's opinion, the
llouse bill amounts to an auda-
cious rewriting of the 15th Amend-
ment,,,,which provides that the
right of,citizens to,vote shall "not
be denied or abridged ... on ac-
cognt of race, color, or previous

.,' "Once: established, the principle
: : J'of. proportional ,representation
, . would expand to aEect every gov-
', ' .' ernmental body, including not only

such local legislative lgencies as
.i--.cqunty. boards of supervisors and. 'town and,city councils but, con-
., ,ceivablS also state legislatures
. and Congressitself. Obviousli, thisI would constitute a radical and un-

''=-: desirable' alteiatiirn -of 
ihe Ameri-

'.' 
rcan system of representative gov-

',' Still another offensive aspect of
'the.Flouse bill is its proposal to
maie the' so-called 

-"pie.clear-

ance",provision a permanent fea-
ture of the Voting ilights Act. Un-
der this section, which applies only
to those states--'mostly in the
South - and counties thal used to
impose electijral, requirements
'considered discriminatory against
blacks, siates and localities must
obtain federal approval of any law
or action that might aEect the vot-
ing rights or strength of minority

'groups. When originally enacted,
this provision was considered a
temporary measure that would
iease to eSist,once the a.ffected
jurisdicions had purge{ them-
selves. During its life; a jurisdic-
tion theoretically could obtain re'
lease frgm its'restrictions by
eschewing.: discriminatory. prac-
tices foi a specified perio{ but
thi:: has not been easy for any state
to do. All previous extensions of
this section have been temporary,
but the l{ouse would make it pei.
manenf and the procedure foiob-
taininf release from the provision
wouid become even more difficult.

Primarily because of its pre
clearance provision, the Voting
Rights'Act is an appallingly abu-
sive display of federal power. That
section ought to be eliminated. But
if it is to.be retained, it should be
only for a specified period and un-
der conditions that offer state;

' some hope that they can earn free-
dom from it And only those states
that actually'intended to discrimi-
nate against a 'group of voters

the
Re.
de-

.: seeking*to renlw it in a h
, ,fog\;';. :-: . .i-:,j; Butthey will now have

' :on ryith President Reagan,
, teufly'ihrew his support

:.ithe South. Congress is i! tt
;,.cess of reviewing the law, a

! q*!:.

_coD$ressm€n lYno are
:prevdriEthe liberals' worst
lf ronrmaterializing. More
;caUgg[le Reagan, adminl

- opposes the liberals on the

pro-
Iib-
r the

the.
the.

iu the
puqi'

at

.versus "effect" issue and
"preclearance" provisions
Iaw.

:,', Conceived,ostensiUiyl ds I
' sure to ensure blacks the

vo[e, the law, in app EOes; ernmenL
far beyond this. It has been
preted to mean that st"ate
governments can do
erately to dilute the,v lng
strength of blacks, as
allegedly did when it
predominantly white
Cheslerfield County in
key word here is "deliber

' its present form, the law

uate against blacks. -; Ul:erals would chiiige"

3(I4
lpf
The
." In

, an oEcial act illega| if it
sprang from an intent to dis

','.to provide that an olEcial
would be illegal if it had

. fect" of limiting or wea
voting strength of blacks: A' danger in this approacb, as
people have noted, is that
could consider the mere
the racial composition of
tive governing body was
portionately the same as the
composition of the
population as proof that
munity followed disd

' voting practices and
This "efrect" provision is

' House bill.

ous," South Carolina

' ."The House bill is very

Sen J. Strom Tburmond,
man of the Senate JudiciarvlCom-
mittee, told us in a reientlinter-
view. "It moves in the
proportional

This me.ens, the senator
that zealous supporters of
ing Rights Act areno lott
ing "access to the ballot
disputably a laudable

'that
elqc-
pro-

n the

n$€r1
rlican

: Vot-
seek-
r." in-

Instead, they are seeking

,(r",q*ailD I 0,+ ::r

ffae s b'isp*/.L



t),,00 S*,i/;g "'tcc. -
w^sHli'lGTCN. O.C. 2AO)5

Froni
Pcge

Ei:t Olher
Poge Poge

BALT iilC:lE , [iD.
SUN
l,roRi{ING -
EVENING -

I78,93
L7 L ,-142

EIINN AY

c I71gg1"e
THE SUN, Thursday, December'17, l98l

Seraate support Hiraed up=.*

for,Yo[ing-act ex tenasios]
necessary federal interference in local af-
f airs. ,.

In 1975, an amendment to the 1965 law
was enacted ealling for the pre-clearance
requirement to expire by August 5, 1982,
unless extended by Congress.

The House bill extending the Voting'
Rights Act, which passed by a vote of 389
to 2{, is supported by such groups as the
American Civil Liberties Union, the Na-
tional Association for the Advancement of
Colored People, the League of Wonnan
Voters and the Mexican-American Lesal

By Curt lllatthews
Washington Bureau of The Sun

Washington-Strong bipartisan support
for quick passage oI a bill to extend the
Voting Rights Act of 1965 has been orga-
fri?Aflrr-tlre-fenate, apparently to cut
short any attempt to weaken a similar bill
already passed by the House.

The legislation, which civil rights lead-
ers called the most important pending in
the current session of Congress, is widely
credited with increasing participation in

particula
west-

South and the South-

At a press conference yestereday Sena-
tor Charles }IcC. Mathias, Jr. (R, ItId.)
and Edward M. Kgnnedy (D, Mass.) an-
nounced they would introduce a bill identi-
cal to the one already passed by tbe House
and said 58 members of the Senate had
agreed to cGsponsor the legislation.

Noting that be has pressed for Senate
action 6n ertension of the Voting Rights
Act since early this year, Mr. Mathias
said, "The evidence compiled in the inter-
vening months has confirrned my concern.
Enactment of a stong, effective, Voting
Rights Act extension bill is not only justi-
fied, but cAcumstances compel it.".

Mr. Mathias is among 19 Republicans
who have joined to c&sponsor the bill.
Thrity-nine Senate Democrats including
Senator Paul S. Sarbanes of Maryland, are
listed as co-sponsors.' 

The core provisions of the 1965 larv,
which the House voted in October to ex-
tend, require election oflicials in nine
Southern and Western states, and in desig-
nated jurisdictions of 13 other states, to
obtain Justice Department approval for
any proposed changes in election laws or
procedures. .The process is called "pre-
clearance." .

L,ocal political leaders whose jurisdic-
tions are affected by the Voting Rights

A month after the House acted on the
legislation, President Reagan said that he
favored extending the Voting Rights Act
for another l0 years, and that those states
or areas dernonstrating compliance with
thE law should have a "reasonable" oppor-
tunity to escape it.

The House bill extends the central
provisions of the Voting Rights Act indefi
nitely, but allows states with. a. l0-year un-
blemished record of non{iscriminatioo at
the polls to "bail out" beginning in August
198{.

President Reagan also endorsed cbang-
es in the House bill that would require
those charging discrimination in voting
procedures to prove that the bias was in-
tentional. Under the House bill, and the
legislation urged yesterday by Senators
Mathias and Kennedy, a charge of dis-
crimination could be sustained iI it could
be shown that voting procedures had the
"effect" of reducing minorit-v participa-
tion even when that result was unintended.

Senator Mathias alluded to Mr. Rea-
gan's proposal yesterday phen he said
that attempts to intimidate and harass mi-
norities seeking to vote have become more
sophisticated since the 1960s when the
original act was passed.

The action taken yesteiday by co-spon-
sors of the extension bill opens the way for
hearings on the legislation late next.

Act have denounced it as unfair and un- month. r..,



? Objection to Alabama Yoting plan
o\_l ""Jr".rtrrr rU nrarrarua vuung rtan
$; -. The Justice Department objected under the1 \1' ., :,..- :::-." .uepuLtttctt! UUJEULEU unogr Ine

h- p- 
^votrng 

lirghts A-ct to a redistricting plan adopteditt\--'vY...6.]l6lla/l

tr-S for.the city of Montgomery, AIa.\ ^..i ^ Assrptarit 
-Aitornrl 

cui.rri-iviliam Bradford

t.^ ro o J!*t" llgo,rrr, J,'"' .c H ffirl1*,T",'.:frTr.T"iH,f;lmn t:.." :[11
' -$ fif. ploring certain issues raised with rpsnec]. tn fhowAsl-ill'lGTON, O.C. 20005

'$ t:.t . .,

issues raised with respect to the
+ til pu,rpose and effect of thisredistricting'plan."

Reynolds said the Justice Deprririe-niha" note ,,F rlsJ.rurqr scuu uuE dutttce Ugpaflmgnt has not
$ 3|r bee,n.,ablg to complete its assessment of the ptan,
\ rS and thus must object to it"lripi.iri.iitition.

f rcnr edit Olher
Pc3e-- Foge Poge

iiousi0N, TEXAS
cHR0llrcirE

EVEiIING - 379,>73
sIrJnAY - 429,494

JAH 2 6 lS3

Bciivists say Reagan pushlng

ilval voter rights legislation
Senate" to come'up with something the
administiation can support. That could
mean introduction of a bill not offlcially
tabeled an adrninistration measure, but

. The administration has been trying to
$oo some of the 6l senators on record as
supporting the Hous+passed bill. butthe

'cir:il rights lobbyists said they'knew of no
' defectors so far. r. ' , :

Senate consideration of the issue, ex-
fected to be a major civil rights ftght of

; this session of Congress, is to begin
Wednesiiay with hearings before the Ju-

, dieiarv Committee's Constiution Subcom-
mitti treaded by Sen Orrin G. Hatch, R-
Utah.thert is a bill (being prepared by the

administraticn)," said Antonia Her-
nandez, as-sociate counsel for the Mexi-
can'Americarr I-eeal Defense and &luca-tiontsund. - ,

Arnold Torres, congressional liaison for
the rleague' of United latin American
gitirins, said he blso expects the admin,
btration to back a riva[ bill. "But I be-
liev6 even if he (Reagan) doesn't cume in
rith a bill, he rvill colme in rvith substan.
th'e amendments that u'ill hurt the act."
-- Airy attempts by Reagan to change the
How*passed bill "will indicate he is
motivated by' racist underpinnings,"
Tories said.

.Ms. .Hernandez said Beagan probably
rill address the issue in hii Staie of th-e
[bbn message tonight. r'They are going
h tyo different direEtions. Thby say-thei
arefi''t (drafling a biltt, but in faci thej,
arE.:'

Dractices., , .-', '.

.. .'- Hahh and other conservatives, includ-

- fhe-Justice Department repeatedly has
ddtifrJ that the administration rvill have
il{qqn bill introduced in the S€nate, but

i. , Itls. Hernandez said the admlnistrat

ing the president, already have sen'ed
notice that provision is their main con-
cern about the House bill. It u'ould allow
violations of the Voting Rights Act to be
established by pmving only that the ef-
fect is to dilute the minority vote.

The tougher standard of proving intent
to discrirhinate, which was imposed by a
Supreme Court ruling in 1980, n'ould be
wiped out by the House bill.

The House bill would make permanent
the key section of law that requires the
Justice Department to pass judgment on
any change in electoral law or practice in
covered areas, including all of Texas..
That is coupled with strict standards
under uhich areas could be exempted
from further coverage.h*'cbnfirmed it is "working with' the



.-?^7 n.r,.\l':/1il11, lri!)>.

SSISSIP?I :.::':3
GESTTJAN /? lgEZ

'rr1y-ii,993

IIGESTI,.\G
votiqq-F i g rrtr.Act He?ri n gs

r a few days, the U.S. Senate will begin hear-
;s on the Voting Rights Act. Although they
ve been called and will be run by two
aators who have no love for strong voting
hts law, Orrin Hatch (B-UT) and Strorn Thur-
tnd (R-SC), these hearings will not come a
y too soon. They are urgently needed to clear
some of the false impressions that the presi-
rt and others are creating in the public mind.
n example of just such a false impression
ne to my attention recently. The chief ex-
rtive officet of a major corporation was
rted as saying that blacks and Hispanics
re virtually assured of getting the voting
hts bill they want now that President Reagan
s supporting an extension of the Act.
re fact of the matter is that the civil rights
nmunity and the presidenl are miles apart in
ir thinking about the kind of legislation that
3ht to be passed. While the president says he

Digesting

his administration. One urged him to support
H.R. 3112, lhe bill passed by the House by a
vote of 389 to 24.The other urged him. to sup-
port an amendment to that legislation to make
it easier for covered iurisdictions to get out
from under the Act. The effect of such an

-'v"'v
rate to pass a rveakened voting rights
s is not support; it's sabotage.
rere is only one hopeful sign about the presi-
rt's position. lt seems to be the third posi-
r he has taken on the Voting Rights Act this
rr, and therefore it, too, may be subject to
rnge. At one point, the president was said to
prepared to support the bipartisan bill pass.
overwhelmingly on October 5 by the U.S.
use of Representatives. On another occa-
n, he was said to be ready to sign whatever

C6ngress produced. And, of course, on
vember 6, he called for weakening amend-
nts to the House-passed bill.
rmmenting on Mr. Beagan's latest pqsition,
ew York Times editorial entitled "The Presi-
tt Gags on Voling Bights" said, "The Presi-
It was better served by his first instincts
rut this law. He cannot both favor an effec-
r voting rights law and be the friend of its op.
rents. The effort to gut this .law will be
lngest in the Senate. That body needs to
,ve and some leadership, not new equivoca-
rs."
ven the fact that the president changes his
rd about voting rights every so often, it is
9 now for him to ccme full circle and to sup-
t the House bill, which is both firm and fair.
re wonders why he has not been pushed in
direction by blacks in his administration.

re have tried without success, we are lold.
ers may be amblvalent about the kind of
slation that is needed. According to media'

i'l':,ll?^p,'-"^*::lggip_._{1._t j,1g39lg_"_"ll

watered-down sec_@--- .

- -Eddie-N. Wiifiirs, President ol Joint Center For

'r' -;.--.=': : -:
,4..



i\'
rar

{4ru S,g"{/;g"*ro, -9n .
\./AsHtt:9.i'ont. D.c. 2ccos

Pcgo Poga Poge

F.;::.',:::,::iI.1, ?A.
I iiQU I RER

i:ORNT NG

S UIJ DAY
,JATI

- 419,149
- e44,472

31 rsst
- ttal

)a{-

I

I

*Mhat count-s in vo{ing_rights

5i"1,i..r.a uy gis;;"iG. '' 7- .',' 
'i:; 

I,ii*;;'ji*i_i"io,il,;;#''ff" ln:

llln.his.State of ttre tnjon'aaOrCS; gf hist<iry. to. tbeicoDrrary Dotwith-fi esday- g!ghr,- ryIg. l I=F* rne.n- ; r+a'ila in gfio.ao ne rignt r rii n g *t. iu[Ioned,'in.an aside, txaf he ;strongly . minoritl:t:;ii;ili.oriernea.]rrioii,
SLpported" the l0-year exreasion of iht .,, Elq.;oii.i.l,"i".a..about being fair to
IlPg Bicbts Act- . r - ,-. 

- - -''- the btacks 
.and 

chi :anos whom rhose
, .The Dext day,'at a Senatg Judiciary,:; statesi: atrd;llocal . goverments, , with' $lbcommittee.hearing,_at-tlraer 5"1;':.tricky pqocedures, oisrricting, riteii.ysal .W,illiam FiencbrSmitl-testifieal,;'t9.q1s, lir$pigatibd'ggd-gole"n;;, k#t'htt the adminisrratior sronsly SLb-L1 a?ay f.roil tiie polls.' - -

!p[ts weakening thi-extensioiiassea ''' The other amend:aent would re-
tr^ll:_Tlf19_9n d yore- of :ss.i* and . sto_re the i-eslof .,inte'nt" 

to reprace tLL

I

I

::rAsked how the majorig of House.in reSpoirsaioa iecen t Subreme

llBhr$::. Mr. .smiin';irpuE{ _tlri 
-,;i[E '-guo!.as. He is flatou-l wrong. The House

gr-esideir[ ages irot rraft=;tilii-il., hr^Q -spegifically';deilaresl "The fact
lgSybonein'hisbody.';--. -. -, :-:.': thatmembersofa minoritygrouphave
:::The assurances do not assure. Tne lot been elected in.numbeis equal to

[]f;'ffi :;""ffi 
nsM1.r-,g*i;4,;$1i,",*,fJ,iiJ,::f:l,3'"i1J:;,1'"1']i:

;,o."rnevoiiagRightsa.qtl..a-l*..,violation..,,
ministration oitf,ereo for nealy- 1'0 .; ; Mr' Reagan's anirude on voilng
uonths; toan U"G*n irs i.tF..rr^ai.rr .-l8hts i-s b,ut 9ae of .a series of example!uonths; torn betlpeen its ideological r rE'uts rs u.ut one oI -a senes oI examples
bent and theclaims (
w-onr,ast*",",*.1-to*?I,#jffi li'tt?iiallfi l"T1:H,T,!Sfiffi :l
ff.toot< a aerinitire-pffi;;;E;riiiil','1" savs. 

- 
Ia trvi n g to -explain one of

fii was noblb.,.rn!'#gfi"r'i;;;^#A; :hem - his reveisal of rhe ll-yearold
crown-ieweirf iriri-&"ljb#;;[ nolicr of denving tax..exempiions to
w_e wili ooi G-itrj;-rr"r dffiili}; Srivate 

schools that discrimjnate on

l[ l.ti:'f*i;::' nl *; *d "; ;;' lli.'iil [ !:?ilYi[:fi:l-;l ::i:';
i,*',U*ffi#.* ?:iT'" 'l#:i',H ff]iX#i'iei'J31&t lhi'Jf#H
._ .*I.,,-l^.-'g.t, q9.'l,o mg5e it easi, _ ;il Bfrif.[i'i#f i,t;"'1.,r',1irii?j:

EarrD, wulte ang OlaCK, 'T'hO Ca1.g deeO- \-(rur, L . usllsloll.' ftlI0ftrey Uenefal
Li:'abogtjustice,.,canhaversuih.;;-r Smith argued that the.,efiects" stan-

119:.1_.:,in y^our.attimde. cn. r.rciing .91t9'.Y9gJd_ trigger court-im_posed

er ror states and localities to "bair ;;i;' *:gr*'i il;i,ii,? J,iir,. \-oting Rightsfrom the special provisions oath.; ilitt wouta make it easier for states aDdlvtr. Reagan is coircernerr about beins i;;;il;ii;ilii.iji,ii, t?iir.ry iiiir.'rrin"fdir to the srates and rocai eor.;: ;;fiiiiq y;;;:il;;;re no rwo.ways#bnts, whom he trusts (the evidence about.it.' ._: . ir- t
'*-a1 .%%



ffiaker Wi{tSee& ta Extend
Voting Act Witlaout Ciasnge

ByROBERTI'EAR
spclEl !oTb.Nf, YBkllG

would make it easier for blacks, Els'
panlc Amertcanu and members ol other
in;noritv sroups to prove voting dghts
violatiois-ln cburt. Under this sec'.ion,
olatntiffs would have to show only that a
iocal eovernment action "results" in a
denial-or abridgment of voring ri ghts.

This would overturn a 1980 SuPreme
Court decision that set a ntore ditflcult
standard of proot, requiring evideace ol
lntentional dilcrlmination ln certair
ctrallenges based on constitutional
grounds.

Favored by Clvll Rlgbts GnruPs

Civil rislts advocates strongly favor
the changE, sayi:rg that it is ofteaimpos.
sible to prove ttat a violatlou of voting
righg w8s intentional.

-The legislative proposal favored by
Senator Baker would also onit provi'
slons of the House bill that would estab'
Iish new Bddelines perrairting states
and courties with a clean record on vot'
ing riglits to be exempted froa the pr+

',i",wasnllrrcToN, Dec. 2 - In a change
: ef.strategy, Howard E. Baler Jr., t}le
.Senate majority leader, said today that
'hs:v/ould'seeli Senate approval this
..rr,,rnth ol a l0year extenslon of ehe Vot-
Ing Riahts Act in its Present forrn,
avoiaing the need Ior loag public hear'
ings.
''fhe Tennessee Republican also sald

lttrat Ue would defer u:rdl aext year any
debate on propcsals to restrlct abortion,
in part becauie of divisisn ia the ranl<s
of anti-abortion lorces. But he sald that
in the near future he would permit the
Senate to debate fwo other politically
sensitive. lssues, school bustng and
schoolprayer.
":.In a lun-cheon lnterview rith editors
and reFafiers ol The New York Times,
IvIr, Baher described his pcsidou on the
Vpi:ng Rl8hts Act, saying, "As far as I
am: concerned, I would like to see rrs

. simply extend the existiog laaguage for

,

icrat o{ Massachusetts' who ca;lcro- |
I sored a bitl to exteEd the voting zuCrts i
Ac:, also erpressed serious reseryerlons :

lriilt irrt. llaker's prcposal' -irlr' I"en' I

nedv said tJrat any votilg rights r'e3s- I
! ure-would also bave to extend a s€cEoa I
i-

iof the iaw requiring bili.ngual eleccsos
I in places witb high coocentrations ol
; voters who did not undersund Eaglisb-
, I{ispanic Aaericans say this sectioabas
'helped o-nfranchise millions of Spaaish-
sFr-akingvoters.

10y.*.rs, end do it this year."
. ;key enforcement provisions of the

Iaw, originally enacted.tn 1965, clearance

on tbe Constitutioo

.,. :,,:' HouseApprovedErteaslon
,..The House of Represenr.;:tives over-

.lifiblEninslyvoted on Oct.5 to e<tendthe
Votiry RighE Act indefinitely att:r d+
feating a series of arcendroenB aiEed
at weakcJins the legisla6on.
.',The liouse bill is stronger is some r*
Sp€cts thaa the existing law, as lnter-
preted by Federal courts. Presideat
'P.eagan has said that he could accePt ei.
:ther a simple lGyear exterliion of the

. existing !aw, or a "modiSed version" o!
tle House bill. Senator Bal<efs mo're, lf
.luccessful,.wo,{d spare tbe Senate a
long, bitter debate over divlsive lssues,
aidit would insure ext€xlsioa of the Vot-
irlg Rights Act, t}ouglt not oa the ten'os
so.r *tby civil ri$ts lobbyists.
.': A-lffhite House lavryer, Michael Uttl-
rhli.rn, said that the Ba-ker proposal was
"not a bad idea" and not markedly dil-
ferent from Mr. Reagan's posltion.-

Senator Baker satd today-that he sup
ported the core ol the House bill, tbe so
called "preclearance r€quiremeat,"
unCer which stat$ wiih a hlstory ol dis-
ciiminaiion must still get approval
froo either the Justice Departroent or a
-Fe,Jeral court ln \yeshirgtor lor any
.'picpcsed ctranges in locel iiecdon la:vs,
j-:Ilowever, Mr. Baker said that be op
.posed a sectlcn ol the Ho'rse bill that

ctranse in tactics tor Senaie Republl'
cans,-who had been preparlag lor public
hearines scheduled to begln Jan.20 b+
fore thE Senate Judiciary SubcoEEi$ee

In discussioru with other Seaators,
IvIr. Baler said, he found general agree'
ment thst his approach was "tle best
way to liguidatei' what Eight otherwise
be a deabock or a Protracted Cebate
over the voting rights legislation.

Dlscwsloo Wltb Prestdent
He said that he had discussed his pro

posal with Prestdent Reagan a::d with
ittornev C'eneral V/llllam French
Smith aad that neither was "upset by
it." He also said that he hoped to obt8in
the concurrence of Senate DeEocrats
and such civtl rlg:\ts leaders as BenJa'
mln L. Hooks, executlve director of the
National Association for the Advanc+
ment of Colortd PeoPle.

Ralph G. Neas, executive director of
the Leadership Conterence on Civil
Rights, said the Bater ProPosal was
unacceptable to his orgsEization, a
broad-tiased coalition ol 157 civil rights
groups includinr theN.A.A.C.P. 

'' "Ii wouid incdrporate the 'intent' test, '.
a crlppling araendinent that wguld jeoq 

; ,

araiii tld voting rights ot millions ol I 
i

Amerlcans," Mr. Neas said ol the Baker | ,

orooosal. l' Sirator Edward M. KamedY, Demo i



'l
Fror:t
Pogo

Other ,. , i, .. ! ,;,r.. ir
Pogc' "r.'ir'.j, /'..r.rr.

L0ulsvILLE, KY.
TIUES

EVENING - 163,too

FEB 4 I9B2

[Jnfinishect brasnmess. . I ., ....11. ,,,. ,, ,'. ,

iV otin g Righ f s' Act' b xten sion,' c|e aily ne e d,e cl'

16.

1 (r, - --c,- -i- : ---- Y-.--:i l'; vllY.t,es
I 

^,.11 l::.:,jg11 n;aein's..positions ;o,l , Theri. the House voted to srrorgrl
:lil ,:19^,1.T llr." 1l-op-p{.this way and the. aet, and:Mr.,Reagan 

"ppaien;thit lately, it's because his yearning to r"rriiej tfirt ro*,a;lii."n, are savi'lget government off our backs has Eot-, ;h;i; c.;i;";;";;;;. in awnaar.rilget government off our backs has iol-, their Confederate morey in e*peciitij lided head-on with a widely accepted Jf a Di*io r""uir*on.o. In his state
. national commitment ' ,,I the Union ,po..tl ho teft of:filcJ: . Iti: commitment ts to aqual eitizen. a-"rrr.o'iirnili-;lt$inrv,,,suonortrur; uurilrnlrmenl ls rc.aqual eitizen. dcclaro thnt he ,,strongly,, ,suppor$ 

rship rlghts for all Arherica-ns. Bigotry io-ynn,cxtension oitt dta*.,still has powcrful stronghords.,Ifr.ori --i},i. pre.,*i"ilrf *onnt,that he failcs remarn. But tho narlon ns ir rvholo uor(a-'niiw;ilii;'dd,r iltrr,i. i. r.
::::tlr,l!: civil 'rights, advances,,o[. r1r oh srates thnt "i.i"..J'iJtii.,s'iiii'reecnt dccades. .', -, t .' ;,'"li;if.ii, ii;.F.;L a;;.-sffiilrf1iir|"i,l
. Thg uproar ovcr his decistoh to glvii il souttr brtti". '"na-'iii, .ailics h

l:I^j-"i"-li1r_,1o.,.:_o$.ogntod priiate proposed io aiiJto tr,c fo* Uyr"ati"S i

u-l'-,T:fi9il#'ili&',fr:lfJ5:i;;:::l'"'J.flh'i*',1*1";i,,cs re,t neg,ectedwgr, Lqs6rr} .wJ uut- 1 . .,r.rrL.SL tIlL. COnSef\IauVeS Iel[ n,
hdn a favor for his,consepvaitve,y.,,li[wever, Atty. Gep. William

; decent cltlzens of ali-political persua-., the,cxt any to.qppost;h; ;;il;';.slons, lncluding 200 cinployees'of the',; thc Housc bi[. l' -

Thc President is in almost as' big o " rn"r,u"' 
"'t'.,ri'J 

oi il.ll election ramuddle over the Voting Bights Ac[ a 
"rlnurorrru-i; i;gJ";rraircng;'ir-iikey scction of which is up for rcncwal cff,"tr aro ai...lrilnalory. Th'is rvouinCongrcss. ". countcract a Supr'cmc'-iot,.taeciifon

I\Ir._Itengnn has.argucd that the act, which.rcquircs fi.oot of aiscii-iriffij
onc of the most succcssful of thc civil intent befbrc an'ctcction p.o.eaurc cri'rights larvs, is ttrtfair to southcrn stntcs. bc founct invalld. Ur. Smittr Uncf,ccl itti

, 
lo_rvr:nkcn it. Thc public's anH-goveru- tributcd according to a quota systenr.nrent mood secmed to favor their The trouble with his'position is that

, l',. ..

elec.tiorr laws 50 ycars ago c{n only bc
guesscd. at.. And present-day of ti;ialA
car clajm a respeciable purpose even
whcn their actions rob black votes o[

TLe- V9-tjgg-Righrs.,Act has madc it
possible for mtllions of once dlsenfrin-
chised _citizens to tako p"rtl in tho
polltical- proccss. But thcy rvllt lravc
galncd llttlo if tho systcirr is riggcd
agalnst thcm.

Iloward Ball of Mississippi State Uni-vcrsity pointed out recently .in ?hc
Woshing[on Posr that.2Z Mississiopi

, eountics hdvc black maiorities. vet
, blacks serve ol1 the boardJ of ,roo*i-
sors in only eight. Irtississippiaris, he
notcs, use at-large elections, glrryman-
dcring nnrl selectivo'annexaiion io ne-
gatc tha lmpact of black voting. Justicc
Dcpartmcnt objcctions aro sometimes
ignorcd.

Whnt Mr. Rcngan has bccn slow to
grasp i.s tho difforencc bctrvcorr ,,bur-
densomo rcgulations" nnd high nalion-d prioritics.. Bndirrg the slrcnanigans
that undermine democracy is clcariy in
the latter catcgory' 

Tiaaa s,r,r^-,^,1

;llis administratiorr was sympatlrctlc intcnt standard on the grouncl that'rvltr-'n conservativc congrcssnlcri sct out ' clcctlvc offices would otheirvise bo ail:



Fronl
Poge

\\ir

!),,u, -1,,! "ii;r,:.ct, Sz
.L'

\vAs:Ji:larcN. o.c. 2ccc5

I:i.3:i'irLLE, TIiti.t.
TENI{ESSEAN

I,10F.]t0Hc - 129,408
SUI\IDAY -- 229,O22

FtB 5. tgsz

!r I'rcgo
Olh:i
Pegc

,Ad m inistrstion's Words,
I i .":" ' -." r;;:' ,..'Deed!' Run Oflposite Wqys

ltN s"uerai dcchsiins in reient'tays,
\rl President Reagan has Strongly re-
iterated bis lifelong support -for racial
equality but he could back his words
with deeds on the issue of the extension
ottn"-vqiq*:*F,9 

..:,.,,' 
1. :

The'problem is that the President
doesn't seem to understand that some of

z the actions of his administration mn
counter to the point he has been !rying
to make, and he does not seem to have

ramifications of issues that touch deeply

. 
on minority concerns' r,. ,' _:= 

-..-.i -1

There was a flap over tax exemptions
given to private and religious schools
practicing racial discrimination. Mr.
Reagan took the blame but said the
whole thing was misunderstood, and
that what was needed was legislation-
But the federal tax laws now on the
books have been interpreted by every
federal appellate court as prohibiting
tax exemption benefits for schools with
discriminatory policies. There is no
need.for new faw..:..'

On tbe second issue, extension ol the
Voting Rights Act, Mr. Reagan muddied
the waters by suggesting some areas of
change in it, Attorney General William
French Smith has, in testimony and in
news conferences, said that the House'
passed bill is not really what the Presi-
dent wants, but he stopped short of say-
ing that the White House would veto it if
it passed-

In a CBS interview with Mr. Dan
Rather a day after his State of the Union

..{essage, Mr. Reagan first said he would

not veto the Eousepaqsed. bill. "I don't
know of anything that is in it that would
make me veto it" he said. . .. ..

But a-tter a brief break in the televised
interview, during which he met with two
White House officiats, Mr. Reagan said
he had misspoken, and that he was in
fact *illing to accept only a simple lG'
year extension of existing law with some
modification of the so+alled "baihut"
provisions lor covered states after a pe-

Some weeks ago, tbe President had
also mentioned the "intent" provision ol
the existing law. IIe didn't meution that
to Mr. Rather, but his attorney general
fas been carrying that banner.

.:

The House meisure goes beyond a
simple'extersion of tbe act on one im-
portant issue: the test to be used in de.
ciding whether state and local votiog ju-
risdictiors have changes or laws that
are illegal. Since "intent" is so difficult
to prove, the House bill says it is enougb
to prove such laws have discriminatory
effecl The administration says the ef-
fect test would lead "to quotas in the po-
Iiticat process," which is stretcbing
credulity.

The problem.is that the adminisba-
tion seerns determined to log the whole
issue of the Voting Rights Act with dif-
ferent gusts ol steam. I\Ir. Reagan would
have given his words more support by.
sticking to what he first told Mr. Rathen
tbat he finds nothing io the Ho'.se bill to
make him veto iL He could clarify tbe
issue in the Senate by such a stand, and
that ougbt to be done.



\-{r

i
{),,! u -9[u r!;s" *",, Jn..
Pcso FosE i;;;
PAoVI tIiicE r R. r.
JOURNAL

M0RNING - 7L,5g3
suNpAy __ zlg,639

FEB 3 fi82

enacted in this country, it clearly
. wants to rirake the statute harder to
enforce. , ,,;.. 

:

Sirice its enactment in lg65, the act
has been respon'sible for encouraging

ticipation by minority groups. lt-tras
toppled old state and local barrieis

.Obviously, it could bd'nearly irn-
possible to prove that such a rule was
adopted years ago for the.express
purpose of excluding blacks and oth-
er minorities frc "r the polls, Relevant

inadequate and any means of deter-
mining 'official thoughts long since
unavailable. -

The House bill, and an identical bill
introduced with the co-sponsorship
of 62 senator5, would codify the lith
Amendment to. the Constitution
which protects citizens against hav-
ing their right to vote denied or
abridged on the Sasis of race or color.
Courts wciuld be required to coltsider
the effects of discrimination, 'al-
though the failure to elect minorities
in proportion to their numbers in the
population would "not,. in and of
itself, constitute a violation."

There is about the administration
stand an ambivalence apparenily c4l-
culated to appease southern consei-
vatives without openly opposing ex-
tension of an immensely populailaw.
If the Voting Rights Act-is worth
extending - and it most certainly is

- it is equally wnrthy of stiict
enforcbment irrespective bf any par-
tisan political game plan.

that prevented or effectively discour.
aged non-whites from registering to
v'ote and rvinning a roughly'propor-
tionate share of political power. In
Mississippi, for eximple, thi percent-
age of eligible blaclis regisiered to
vote rose from 6.7 percent in lg64 to

, . , :.

There is stron! bupport both
around the country and in the Con-
gress for extending the law to block
any reversion to the past. president

leagan announced his backing on
Nov. 6 last year. "The Voting Rights
Act," he said, 'iis importani tolhe
sense of trust many Americans ptace
rn thelr government's commitment to
equal rights. Every American must
know he or shb can count on an equal
chance and an equal vote."

Why, then, does the president
tvant to weaken the tough House bill,
rvhich was approved lasl October by
the lopsided vote of 38g to 24? M;.
Reagan wants to amend the bill to
liberalize the so-called ..bait-out" pro-
vision, which allows jurisdictioni to
earn release from the law's coverage.

The Senate should proceed
swiftly as possible to follow the
of its colleagues in the House.



gr

izo* -9rto !t; g"r.n, .9no
1YASHINGTON, D.C. 2O.0:'

Front Edit O:\sr
Poga Pgso Poge

!lrLE0RD, DELAIYAEE
CHRONICLE

TIEEKIJY--9 
'O7Q

JAli 2 7 1$s2

Attorne-v General Wiitiam
Smith said as much, though he
puJ it someiyhai differently, in
asking a judiciary subcommittee
to put off its initiai hearing for a
week. The requesi was made, he
is reported to have told the
panel, to give the administration
time to make specific recom-
mendations .for change. The
mystery is why recom-
mendations could rrot have been
drafted long ago.

Although Pr'esident Reagan is

be rnade to prove that in
changing election laws or ruies
t_hey did not intentionaiiy
discriminate.

Senator Edward Kennedy, a
subcommittee member,
suggests darkly that the ad-
ministration seeks "a way to
weaken the act without ap-
pearing" to. That may be too
testy. Still, there's been enough
maneuvering. The time is ripe to
call the question on this issue
with as little further delay aspossible. :\ '*-r-,



v
tl

importancc of extending kcy provis
Voting rights Act contrasted sbarp

ffifrShts
'$BesMffts'
Ws-Eil?te

By: Leone Koontz '

TimB' wrshlngton Corrcsponricnt
WASHINGTON-A smaU band

who strugglcd scross Alabauia last
cold, grey days of winter to call

tbousands of marchcrs on tbe same
15 years ago. ':

That first march, lcd by tbc latc
Luther King, alcrtcd Amcricans to
discrimination which resultcd,

It.has caused a dramatic increase in
participation across the South.

Before its passage, only 23

to 56.3 pcrcent; in Louisiaoa, from
percent, and in South Carolina, from

predominantly black South Ala countics
having only a handful of rcgistcred votcrs.

The situation today is vastly diffi bui civil
rights leaders oncc again arc ing to

marchcrs
k in thc

to the '

of the
with thc"

almost

. Martin
racial

rn somc

and

votcr

t.of

2 to 63.9
8.8to60.6

that thc
rc, cveh if

educate the public on the nced to
$trengthen the voting Rigtrts Act.

The Voting Rights Act was
Congress after the ScLna to Mo ry March.

by

Alabama's cligiblc blacks wers
1976, 58.1 percent wcrc registered.

rcd by
bcrs of

blacks in Alabama rcgistcrcd to rosc from
57, C00 in 1964 to 417,000 in l98O

Mississippi affords thc most vivid plc of
the power of the Voting Rights Acr
6.7 percent of tha state's eligible

1964, only

rcgistcrcd
44perccnt

wcrc
werc

perccnt.

These statistics lead somc including
Republican Scn. Jercmiah Dcnton Alabama,

no longerto claim that the Voting Rights Act i
necessary. They believe abuses arcin pastand
that thc Act's enforceSnent provisions, hichthey
see as making a'whipping boy" of
burdensome and unfair.

th, arc

Congress does nothing. It is the 'p rancc
section," Section Five, which will on Aug. i

ion Five i6 without congressional extension.
requircs Alabama and eight othcr tates- and

Many people do not understar
Voting Rights Act itsclf will not cx

parts of l3 othcrs-to get advancc
any election law changcs.

An overwhelming majority of
appcars to favor cxtcnding Section
Cont, on pg, 3

ission for



,.,

.i 1 ,,)

Ilot the problem. Thc

law violations.

had bccn imposcd'in a
voting discrimi"ation.

Thursday, have been
emotion4l as lawyers,
civil rights groups and the

April,; 1980, by the U.S.

elections for city
unconstitutional. ,

intended to prevent blacks

aad blacks make up
'-.population.

Section Two of thc Voting
which prohibits use of any

r Section Two is not up for
Scction Five is,) but it has

Five, because it covers the
the South and border
to challenge elcction p

new "bail out" section

Denton does also. But the

In the voting rights bill last Oct- 5 bY
the Housc of Rcpresentativcs,
Proved by showing that au clct lawproccdurc

could bc

which rcsults" in
-i,1- :: I , 1..

But Atty Gcn. William Smith trclisvar
existing vot!99

show ii wsE

adoptcd -with an intcnt" to di

I'Results' versus'intcnt-

Senate hearings last month,

D I li,,..l- t lr: llr\irl ; lllrl\urt"rn

T IIIES

1'tiEKI,Y - 36,500

rEB z 5 ISSZ

ovcr the standard of proof fi

that anyons challenging an
practice should be rcquircd

approved. The civil rights spr

amend Section Two to make it

certain conditions befoe bcing
outr" or escape from coverage

won't support a permanent

-- \_. -. _

Yoti$g Act' .

Cont. from t';
ry has dcvcloPcd
proving clcction

_ : _1IL

ich will rcsumc

thc Act.

hcatcd and
spokesmcn for
administration

have argued 'tcsults" versus'i
The 'results"' as con with *intent"

casc dccidcd inargument stems from a Mobi
Court: Thc

court ruled that Mobilc's decisi to hold at-large
ners was not

The Supreme Court sai further, that
city officials

winning officc;

'challorgers had to prove th

dscrimination could not be mcrely by
showing that no blacks had bee
the fact that none serve on thc

electcd, despitc
ity governmcnt

of the city's

I Civil rights gf,oups and their in Congrcss
bdieve tbe Supreme Cou misinterpreted

Act-thescction
or practice

to deny or abridge the right of
becausc of race or color.

y citizcn to votc

I this ycar (as

8 part of the
extension dcbate. Civil ri groups claim
Scction Two is cqually as im as Scction

nation-notjust
permits citizcns

that werc in
effect before the 1965 Voting Rights Act was

nren want to
r, dcspitc any

gonfusion arising from the Il
ypting,, .discrimin:i.,tion . 

gottlU 
"discriminatory rcqtlt.

case, that
.shown .!y "

The bill approved by the H would makc
Section Five permanent in I when a deuiled

go into cffcct,
rcquiring covered states, likc to rncet

llowcd to "bail

::1
I

rl
i
I

The Reagan ad ministration pports a straight
lO-year extension of the Voti Righs, and Scn.

administration

and thc Rcpublican<tominatcd Senatecouldrk c ,

with Reagan. In that c&!c, a confetcncc
committec of House membcrs and scnalon
would work out differences in the two botucr'
bills and bring thc compromisc back to thcfloorr
for apPoval.

Atty. Gcn. Smithtcstificd thatwith astand*d
focusing <in rcsulu 'quotcs would bc thc ml
rcsults.' At-largc elcgtion systerns, such ar tbc
onc in Dirminghaur, for local city councib eod
boards would bs challenged, and 'thc ony
ultiur.o.;, logicsl rcsulu would bc proponionrl
rcprclcntation,' Smith said.

*An aidc to Scru Denton said thc scnrlot
agre$. 'It would'incvitably rtsult in a furthcr
polarizetion of thc racca,' he sargues, as bbcl
politicians and whitc politicians divide up citicr
ind jcalourly guand thcir turfs.

Scn. Howcll Hcflin, D-Ala., who servct rill
Dcnton on thc Sentate Judiciary Committcc,
rcportedly is studying thc bill and thc variolr
amendmcnts but has not said what hi! 6ccbk r

Whcn thc Voting Rights Act was approvcd b
1965, only 33 Southern Dcmocrats in thc Hou*
votcd for it. Thc number rose to 34in l9?Oaldrc
56 in 1975 whcn cnforctrncnt provisionr *tt|
renewcd. IJst ycar, 7l Southcrn Dcmeratq,
morc than doublc ths number in 1965, votcd Sor

it. Four Alabamianrtwo Democrltr and tto
Rcpublicanr- joincd in the approvel votc tlrl
Octobcr: Dcmocrats Ronnic l;lippo of Flor*cc ,

and Tom Bcvill and Rcpublicans Albert LGe

Smith of Birmingham and Jack Edwrnl of '

i
I

J
..1'l

i

i
i

,trulc, bilc. 3